大型储罐罐底外壁阳极布置与电位分布研究
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摘要
储罐罐底外壁阴极保护技术是保证储罐安全运行的一项重要技术,对大型储罐罐底外壁阴极保护系统中辅助阳极布置与电位分布的关系展开研究,可为设计技术方案的制定及阴极保护系统的施工、运行、检测和维护提供依据。通过研究国内外现有科研文献资料,结合某石化原油储罐的运行工况,经过现场测试、数据整理和结果分析,网状阳极、盘旋式线性阳极和回形针式线性阳极三种布置方式均能满足阴极保护准则的要求。在本研究的条件下,网状阳极电位分布更加均匀;选用盘旋式线性阳极布置方式时,应尽量使边缘部位的电位调至更负,以确保中心部位电位达到阴极保护准则的要求;选用回形针式线性阳极布置方式时,应尽量使阳极起始部位的电位调至更负,以确保阳极末端乃至整个罐底电位达到阴极保护准则的要求。
As an important technology to ensure the safe operation of large storage tank,the cathodic protection technology on the outer wall of the large storage tank bottom is attached great importance to engineering application and research. The relationship between auxiliary anode arrangement and potential distribution in the cathodic protection system of large storage tank bottom wall has been summarized so as to guide the formulation of technical scheme,construction,operation,detection and maintenance of the cathodic protection system. By studying the existing scientific research literature at home and abroad and combining the operating conditions of a petrochemical oil storage tank,and through field testing,data processing and result analysis,three layout modes containing meshed anode,linear spiral anode and linear clip anode can meet the cathodic protection criteria. Under the conditions of this study,the potential distribution of meshed anode is more uniform. When the linear anode spiral layout is selected,the potential at the edge should be made more negative,so as to ensure that the central potential meets the requirements of the cathodic protection criteria; When the linear anode paper clip layout is selected,the potential at the starting position of the anode should be adjusted to more negative to ensure that the potential of the anode end and even entire tank bottom meet the requirements of the cathodic protection criteria.
As an important technology to ensure the safe operation of large storage tank,the cathodic protection technology on the outer wall of the large storage tank bottom is attached great importance to engineering application and research. The relationship between auxiliary anode arrangement and potential distribution in the cathodic protection system of large storage tank bottom wall has been summarized so as to guide the formulation of technical scheme,construction,operation,detection and maintenance of the cathodic protection system. By studying the existing scientific research literature at home and abroad and combining the operating conditions of a petrochemical oil storage tank,and through field testing,data processing and result analysis,three layout modes containing meshed anode,linear spiral anode and linear clip anode can meet the cathodic protection criteria. Under the conditions of this study,the potential distribution of meshed anode is more uniform. When the linear anode spiral layout is selected,the potential at the edge should be made more negative,so as to ensure that the central potential meets the requirements of the cathodic protection criteria; When the linear anode paper clip layout is selected,the potential at the starting position of the anode should be adjusted to more negative to ensure that the potential of the anode end and even entire tank bottom meet the requirements of the cathodic protection criteria.
引文
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[8]董龙伟,廖柯熹.相邻储罐底板阴极保护电位的分布[J].材料保护,2016,49(3):64-67.Dong Longwei, Liao Kexi. Cathodic Protection Potential Distribution of Adjacent Tank Bottom plate.[J]. Materials Protection,2016,49(3):64-67.
[9]蔡培培,宋文博,杜学军,等.国内外地上储罐阴极保护标准技术差异[J].油气储运,2017,36(8):954-957.Cai Peipei, Song Wenbo, Du Xuejun, et al. Technical Differences Between Domestic and Foreign Cathodic Protection Standards for Land Storage Tank[J]. Oil&Gas Storage and Transportaion,2017,36(8):954-957.
[10]潘高峰.原油储罐罐底板外壁腐蚀原因分析及阴极保护技术的应用[J].石油和化工设备,2016,19(1):66-68.Pan Gaofeng. Analyzing Corrosion Cause for Tank Bottom Outside Surface of Crude Oil Srorage Tank and Applying Cathode Protection Technology[J]. Petro&Chemical Equipment,2016,19(1):66-68.
[11]郭超,王璠,俞龙,等.储罐底板下表面阴极保护系统设计的常见问题[J].油气储运,2012,31(11):833-836.Guo Chao,Wang Fan,Yu Long,et al. Common Problems with Cathodic Protection System Design for the Lower Plate Surface of Tank Bottom[J]. Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2012,31(11):833-836.
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[13]杨聪巧,党战伟,李文冰,等.网状阳极阴极保护系统设计及参数计算[J].科技经济导刊,2016,(12):78-79.Yang Congqiao,Dang Zhanwei,Li Wenbing,et al. Design and Parameter Calculation of Reticulated Anode Cathodic Protection System[J]. Technology and Economic Guide,2016,(12):78-79.
[14]胡学文,吴丽荣,许崇武,等.外加电流阴极保护用辅助阳极的研究现状及发展趋势[J].腐蚀与防护,2000,21(12):546-549.Hu Xuewen,Wu Lirong,Xu Chongwu,et al. Situation and Development Tendency of Research on Anodes for Applied-current Cathodic Protection[J]. Corrosion&Protection,2000,21(12):546-549.
[15]房毅,陈龙,方翔.混凝土阴极保护辅助阳极的电化学性能研究[J].广州化工,2012,40(23):63-64.Fang Yi, Chen Long, Fang Xiang. Study on the Electochemical Performance of MMO Titanium Mesh Anode[J]. Guangzhou Chemical Industry,2012,40(23):63-64.
[16]夏定健.外加电流阴极保护辅助阳极[J].全面腐蚀控制,2005,19(2):38-41.Xia Dingjian. Impressed Current Cathodic Protection Anodes[J]. Total Corrosion Control,2005,19(2):38-41.
[17]支伟群.MMO/Ti柔性阳极技术与应用———大型储罐阴极保护[J].全面腐蚀控制,2014,28(9):39-41.Zhi Weiqun. The Technology and Application of MMO/Ti Linear Anode-Cathodic Protection to Large tank[J]. Total Corrosion Control,2014,28(9):39-41.
[18]范亚卓,鞠鹤,蔡天晓,等.柔性阳极在大型储油罐底上的应用[J].石油化工腐蚀与控制,2010,27(4):44-46.Fan Yazhuo, Ju He, Cai Tianxiao, et al. Application of Anodeflex in Large Oil Tank Bottom[J]. Corrosion&Protection in Petrochemical Industry,2010,27(4):44-46.
[19]付晓芬.大型航煤储罐罐底板阴极保护及MMO柔性阳极的应用[J].机场建设,2011,(3):33-35.Fu Xiaofen. Application of Cathodic Protection and MMO Flexible Anode in Large Aviation Coal Storage Tank Bottom[J]. Airport Construction,2011,(3):33-35.
[20]汪士莲.石油储罐的腐蚀及防护情况[J].石油化工腐蚀与控制,2011,28(4):12-16.Wang Shilian. Corrosion of Oil Storage Tanks and Protection[J]. Corrosion&Protection in Petrochemical Industry,2011,28(4):12-16.
[21]谈平庆,谢水海,梅冬勇.大型原油储罐综合防腐蚀技术[J].石油化工腐蚀与控制,2005,22(2):19-22.Tan Pingqing, Xie Shuihai, Mei Dongyong. Integrated Corrosion Protection Technology for Large Crude Oil Tanks[J]. Corrosion&Protection in Petrochemical Industry,2005,22(2):19-22.
[2]杜艳霞,张国忠.储罐底板外侧阴极保护电位分布的数值模拟[J].中国腐蚀与防护学报,2006,26(6):346-350.Du Yanxia,Zhang Guozhong. Numerical Modeling of Cathodic Protection Potential Distribution on the Exterior of Tank Bottom[J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and Protection,2006,26(6):346-350.
[3]王东,廖柯熹,李月霄,等.牙哈装车南站钢质储罐底板的电位分布[J].腐蚀与防护,2014,35(12):1270-1273.Wang Dong, Liao Kexi, Li Yuexiao, et al. Potential Distribution at the Steel Tank Bottom in Yaha Loading South Station[J]. Corrosion&Protection,2014,35(12):1270-1273.
[4]李金刚,郭强,谢斌,等.阴极保护技术在联合站储油罐区的应用[J].工业,2015,(5):108.Li Jingang, Guo Qiang, Xie Bin, et al. Application of Cathodic Protection Technology in Storage Tank Area of Joint Station[J]. Industry,2015,(5):108.
[5]徐涛,岳莉莉.大型原油储罐的外加电流法阴极保护[J].甘肃科技,2009,25(23):27-28.Xu Tao,Yue Lili. Impressed Current Cathodic Protection for Large Crude Oil Tanks[J]. Gansu Science and Technology,2009,25(23):27-28.
[6]苏华.罐底外壁阴极保护在克石化公司13罐区的应用[J].中国科技信息,2011,(11):122.Su Hua. Application of the Cathodic Protection of Tank Bottom Outside Surface in 13 Tank Area of Karamay Petrochemical Company[J]. China Science and Technology Information,2011,(11):122.
[7]廖柯熹,董龙伟,张淮鑫.金属储罐外底面阴极保护电位分布的预测模型及其精准性[J].材料保护,2015,48(8):1-4.Liao Kexi, Dong Longwei, Zhang Huaixin. Modelling for Predicting Cathodic Protection Potential Distribution on Tank Bottom and Analysis for Its Accuracy[J]. Materials Protection,2015,48(8):1-4.
[8]董龙伟,廖柯熹.相邻储罐底板阴极保护电位的分布[J].材料保护,2016,49(3):64-67.Dong Longwei, Liao Kexi. Cathodic Protection Potential Distribution of Adjacent Tank Bottom plate.[J]. Materials Protection,2016,49(3):64-67.
[9]蔡培培,宋文博,杜学军,等.国内外地上储罐阴极保护标准技术差异[J].油气储运,2017,36(8):954-957.Cai Peipei, Song Wenbo, Du Xuejun, et al. Technical Differences Between Domestic and Foreign Cathodic Protection Standards for Land Storage Tank[J]. Oil&Gas Storage and Transportaion,2017,36(8):954-957.
[10]潘高峰.原油储罐罐底板外壁腐蚀原因分析及阴极保护技术的应用[J].石油和化工设备,2016,19(1):66-68.Pan Gaofeng. Analyzing Corrosion Cause for Tank Bottom Outside Surface of Crude Oil Srorage Tank and Applying Cathode Protection Technology[J]. Petro&Chemical Equipment,2016,19(1):66-68.
[11]郭超,王璠,俞龙,等.储罐底板下表面阴极保护系统设计的常见问题[J].油气储运,2012,31(11):833-836.Guo Chao,Wang Fan,Yu Long,et al. Common Problems with Cathodic Protection System Design for the Lower Plate Surface of Tank Bottom[J]. Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2012,31(11):833-836.
[12]许乃迪,于楠,徐莎.网状阳极系统在大型储罐阴极保护中的应用[J].广东化工,2015,42(12):170-171.Xu Naidi,Yu Nan,Xu Sha. The Application of Reticulated Anode Cathodic Protection in Large Tank[J]. Guangdong Chemical Industry,2015,42(12):170-171.
[13]杨聪巧,党战伟,李文冰,等.网状阳极阴极保护系统设计及参数计算[J].科技经济导刊,2016,(12):78-79.Yang Congqiao,Dang Zhanwei,Li Wenbing,et al. Design and Parameter Calculation of Reticulated Anode Cathodic Protection System[J]. Technology and Economic Guide,2016,(12):78-79.
[14]胡学文,吴丽荣,许崇武,等.外加电流阴极保护用辅助阳极的研究现状及发展趋势[J].腐蚀与防护,2000,21(12):546-549.Hu Xuewen,Wu Lirong,Xu Chongwu,et al. Situation and Development Tendency of Research on Anodes for Applied-current Cathodic Protection[J]. Corrosion&Protection,2000,21(12):546-549.
[15]房毅,陈龙,方翔.混凝土阴极保护辅助阳极的电化学性能研究[J].广州化工,2012,40(23):63-64.Fang Yi, Chen Long, Fang Xiang. Study on the Electochemical Performance of MMO Titanium Mesh Anode[J]. Guangzhou Chemical Industry,2012,40(23):63-64.
[16]夏定健.外加电流阴极保护辅助阳极[J].全面腐蚀控制,2005,19(2):38-41.Xia Dingjian. Impressed Current Cathodic Protection Anodes[J]. Total Corrosion Control,2005,19(2):38-41.
[17]支伟群.MMO/Ti柔性阳极技术与应用———大型储罐阴极保护[J].全面腐蚀控制,2014,28(9):39-41.Zhi Weiqun. The Technology and Application of MMO/Ti Linear Anode-Cathodic Protection to Large tank[J]. Total Corrosion Control,2014,28(9):39-41.
[18]范亚卓,鞠鹤,蔡天晓,等.柔性阳极在大型储油罐底上的应用[J].石油化工腐蚀与控制,2010,27(4):44-46.Fan Yazhuo, Ju He, Cai Tianxiao, et al. Application of Anodeflex in Large Oil Tank Bottom[J]. Corrosion&Protection in Petrochemical Industry,2010,27(4):44-46.
[19]付晓芬.大型航煤储罐罐底板阴极保护及MMO柔性阳极的应用[J].机场建设,2011,(3):33-35.Fu Xiaofen. Application of Cathodic Protection and MMO Flexible Anode in Large Aviation Coal Storage Tank Bottom[J]. Airport Construction,2011,(3):33-35.
[20]汪士莲.石油储罐的腐蚀及防护情况[J].石油化工腐蚀与控制,2011,28(4):12-16.Wang Shilian. Corrosion of Oil Storage Tanks and Protection[J]. Corrosion&Protection in Petrochemical Industry,2011,28(4):12-16.
[21]谈平庆,谢水海,梅冬勇.大型原油储罐综合防腐蚀技术[J].石油化工腐蚀与控制,2005,22(2):19-22.Tan Pingqing, Xie Shuihai, Mei Dongyong. Integrated Corrosion Protection Technology for Large Crude Oil Tanks[J]. Corrosion&Protection in Petrochemical Industry,2005,22(2):19-22.