功能材料对固井水泥石力学性能的影响
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摘要
固井工程中,水泥石力学性能是影响固井质量的重要因素。通过加入一定量的功能材料,可以增强水泥石的抗冲击能力和应变恢复能力,有效改善固井质量。为研究不同功能材料对固井水泥石力学性能的影响,选用韧性剂和弹性剂2种功能材料,配制韧性和弹性水泥浆并养护成水泥石,利用三轴应力应变实验,通过弹性模量、残余应变等考察不同类型水泥石力学性能。同时,通过功能材料特性,分析功能材料提高固井质量的作用机理。研究表明,两种功能材料都能有效降低水泥石弹性模量和残余应变,减小水泥石脆性,增强水泥石应变恢复能力。韧性剂提高了水泥石的韧性,有效防止了水泥石破裂形成裂缝,保证了水泥石的长期完整性;弹性剂则大幅度增强了水泥石弹性,减少了微环隙的形成,提高了水泥石的封隔能力。
In cementing engineering, the mechanical property of set cement is the important factor affecting cementing quality. The impact resistance and strain recovery capacity of set cement can be enhanced by adding a certain amount of functional materials, so that the cementing quality can be improved effectively. In order to study the effects of different functional materials on the mechanical properties of set cement, two kinds of functional materials, i.e., toughening agent and elastic agent, were selected to prepare ductile and elastic cement slurry, which were maintained into set cement. Uniaxial and triaxial stress-strain tests were carried out to investigate the mechanical properties of different types of set cement from the aspects of elastic modulus and residual strain. Besides, the mechanism of improving cementing quality by functional materials was analyzed based on the characteristics of functional materials. It is indicated that these two kinds of functional materials can effectively reduce the elastic modulus and residual strain of set cement, decrease its brittleness and enhance its strain recovery capacity. Due to the introduction of toughening agent, the toughness of the set cement is improved, the formation of cracks on set cement is prevented effectively and the long-term integrity of set cement is ensured. Due to the introduction of elastic agent, the elasticity of the set cement is enhanced greatly, the formation of the micro-annulus is reduced and the sealing capacity of set cement is improved.
In cementing engineering, the mechanical property of set cement is the important factor affecting cementing quality. The impact resistance and strain recovery capacity of set cement can be enhanced by adding a certain amount of functional materials, so that the cementing quality can be improved effectively. In order to study the effects of different functional materials on the mechanical properties of set cement, two kinds of functional materials, i.e., toughening agent and elastic agent, were selected to prepare ductile and elastic cement slurry, which were maintained into set cement. Uniaxial and triaxial stress-strain tests were carried out to investigate the mechanical properties of different types of set cement from the aspects of elastic modulus and residual strain. Besides, the mechanism of improving cementing quality by functional materials was analyzed based on the characteristics of functional materials. It is indicated that these two kinds of functional materials can effectively reduce the elastic modulus and residual strain of set cement, decrease its brittleness and enhance its strain recovery capacity. Due to the introduction of toughening agent, the toughness of the set cement is improved, the formation of cracks on set cement is prevented effectively and the long-term integrity of set cement is ensured. Due to the introduction of elastic agent, the elasticity of the set cement is enhanced greatly, the formation of the micro-annulus is reduced and the sealing capacity of set cement is improved.
引文
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[16]罗俊丰,张伟国,廖易波,宋茂林.新型抗高温聚合物/胶乳防气窜水泥浆体系在南海流花深水区块的应用[J].石油钻采工艺,2015,37(1):115-118.LUO Junfeng,ZHANG Weiguo,LIAO Yibo,SONGMaolin.Application of new high-temperature resistant polymer/latex anti-gas channeling cement slurry system in Liuhua deepwater block of the South China Sea[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2015,37(1):115-118.
[17]国家石油天然气标准化技术委员会.GB/T 19139-2012,油井水泥实验方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2012.National Technical Committee for standardization of petroleum and Natural Gas.GB/T 19139-2012,Testing of well cements[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2012.
[18]住房和城乡建设部.GB/T 50266-2013,工程岩体试验方法标准[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2013.Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development.GB/T 50266-2013,Standard for test methods of engineering rock mass[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2013.
[2]汪汉花,高莉莉.固井水泥石力学性能研究现状浅析[J].西部探矿工程,2010,22(4):70-74.WANG Hanhua,GAO Lili.Study on the present situation of mechanical properties of cementing[J].West China Exploration Engineering,2010,22(4):70-74.
[3]张德兵.影响套管和水泥环结构完整性的因素及规律[D].东北石油大学,2013.ZHANG Debing.Studies on factors and laws affecting the structural integrity of casing and cement ring[D].Northeast Petroleum University,2013.
[4]高云文,胡富源,韩琴,刘斌辉,周崇峰.水泥石力学性能对井筒密封完整性的影响[J].钻井液与完井液,2014,31(3):53-56.GAO Yunwen,HU Fuyuan,HAN Qin,LIU Binhui,ZHOU Chongfeng.Effects of mechanical properties of cement stone on well seal integrity[J].Drilling Fluid and Completion Fluid,2014,31(3):53-56.
[5]严海兵,李美平,张成金,冷永红,程欣伟,郑锟.四川超深井长封固水泥浆性能研究与应用[J].钻井液与完井液,2011,28(6):55-57.YAN Haibing,LI Meiping,ZHANG Chengjin,LENGYonghong,CHENG Xinwei,ZHENG Kun.Study and application of performance of long-closed cement grouting in ultra-deep well in Sichuan[J].Drilling Fluid and Completion Fluid,2011,28(6):55-57.
[6]FERRARI V J,HANAI J B D,SOUZA R A D.Flexural strengthening of reinforcement concrete beams using high performance fiber reinforcement cement-based composite(HPFRCC)and carbon fiber reinforced polymers(CFRP)[J].Construction and Building Materials,2013,48:485-498.
[7]李早元,郭小阳,杨远光.改善油井水泥石塑性及室内评价方法研究[J].天然气工业,2004,24(2):55-58.LI Zaoyuan,GUO Xiaoyang,YANG Yuanguang.Study on improving the stone plasticity and indoor evaluation method of oil well cement[J].Natural Gas Industry,2004,24(2):55-58.
[8]严思明,李省吾,胡儒丽,杨圣月,张红丹,马自伟.改性碳纳米管对水泥石力学性能的影响[J].钻井液与完井液,2015,32(3):62-64.YAN Siming,LI Shengwu,HU Ruli,YANG Shengyue,ZHANG Hongdan,MA Ziwei.Effects of modified carbon nanotubes on mechanical properties of cement stone[J].Drilling Fluid and Completion Fluid,2015,32(3):62-64.
[9]HAMIDI,AMIR,HOORESFAND,MAHDI.Effect of fiber reinforcement on triaxial shear behavior of cement;treated sand[J].Geotextiles&Geomembranes,2013,36(1):1-9.
[10]罗洪文,李早元,程小伟,易亚军,林銮.矿物纤维低密度水泥石力学性能研究[J].钻井液与完井液,2015,32(2):76-78.LUO Hongwen,LI Zaoyuan,CHENG Xiaowei,YIYajun,LIN Luan.Study on mechanical properties of mineral fiber low density cement[J].Drilling Fluid and Completion Fluid,2015,32(2):76-78.
[11]李明,杨雨佳,靳建洲,于永金,郭小阳.水镁石纤维对固井水泥石力学性能的增强效果及机理[J].天然气工业,2015,35(6):82-86.LI Ming,YANG Yujia,JIN Jianzhou,YU Yongjin,GUO Xiaoyang.Strengthening effect and mechanism of brucite fiber on mechanical properties of cementing cement[J].Natural Gas Industry,2015,35(6):82-86.
[12]吴雪平,许明标,周福新,袁欢,王晓亮.韧性胶乳水泥浆在实验评价及其水平井固井作业中的应用[J].石油天然气学报,2014,36(6):91-96.WU Xueping,XU Mingbiao,ZHOU Fuxin,YUANHuan,WANG Xiaoliang.Application of toughness latex cement in experimental evaluation and horizontal well cementing[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2014,36(6):91-96.
[13]程小伟,张明亮,杨永胜,龙丹,李早元,郭小阳.玄武岩纤维对铝酸盐水泥石性能的影响[J].石油钻采工艺,2016,38(1):42-47.CHENG Xiaowei,ZHANG Mingliang,YANG Yongsheng,LONG Dan,LI Zaoyuan,GUO Xiaoyang.Effects of basalt fber on the performance of aluminate cement stone[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2016,38(1):42-47.
[14]师忠南,汪汉花,苏博勇,王玉敏.水泥石耐久性的力学评价[J].石油钻采工艺,2011,33(3):21-23.SHI Zhongnan,WANG Hanhua,SU Boyong,WANGYumin.Mechanical evaluation study on cement enduran[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2011,33(3):21-23.
[15]丁志伟,杨俊龙,汪瑶,纪宏飞,袁雄,饶开波.低温高强韧性水泥浆在致密油水平井的应用[J].钻井液与完井液,2017,34(2):106-110,116.DING Zhiwei,YANG Junlong,WAN Yao,JI Hongfei,YUAN Xiong,RAO Kaibo.Cementing tight reservoir with low temperature high strength tough cement slurry[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2017,34(2):106-110,116.
[16]罗俊丰,张伟国,廖易波,宋茂林.新型抗高温聚合物/胶乳防气窜水泥浆体系在南海流花深水区块的应用[J].石油钻采工艺,2015,37(1):115-118.LUO Junfeng,ZHANG Weiguo,LIAO Yibo,SONGMaolin.Application of new high-temperature resistant polymer/latex anti-gas channeling cement slurry system in Liuhua deepwater block of the South China Sea[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2015,37(1):115-118.
[17]国家石油天然气标准化技术委员会.GB/T 19139-2012,油井水泥实验方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2012.National Technical Committee for standardization of petroleum and Natural Gas.GB/T 19139-2012,Testing of well cements[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2012.
[18]住房和城乡建设部.GB/T 50266-2013,工程岩体试验方法标准[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2013.Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development.GB/T 50266-2013,Standard for test methods of engineering rock mass[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2013.