DEM栅格单元大小对汇水区提取的影响研究
|
摘要
汇水区是分布式水文地表积涝模拟的基本单元,汇水区划分的精确性对暴雨积涝模拟具有重要意义。利用水文分析工具进行研究区汇水区提取时,由于DEM栅格单元大小不同,汇水区划分空间分布精确性不同。为了研究DEM栅格单元大小对汇水区划分精度的影响规律,本文采用栅格单元大小为30、50、100 m DEM对同一地区进行汇水区划分计算,研究分析DEM栅格单元大小对汇水区划分涉及到的水流方向提取计算、汇流累积量计算、水流长度计算以及对流域分割计算的影响,从而实现DEM栅格单元大小对汇水区划分精度的影响评价。研究发现:栅格单元大小改变,对水流长度计算、流域分割、汇水区划分几个要素影响程度较大,栅格单元大小的变化对流向分析、汇水量提取几个要素的影响程度相对较小。栅格单元变大时,汇水区的面积减小,汇水区的个数也相应的减少;栅格单元变小时,汇水区的面积变大,汇水区的个数也相应增加。
The catchment basin is the fundamental unit in the application of spatially distributed hydrological models. The accuracy of catchment basin division has significant effect on urban rainstorm waterlogging simulation. But the foundation of catchment basin division is DEM raster data. Using hydrology tools to extract the catchment basin,due to the different size of the DEM grid unit,the range and spatial distribution of catchment basin is also different. In this paper,by using DEM raster date in different grid unit size to divide the catchment basin,the research found that the change of different grid unit size have great effects on factors such as flow length,sink division and catchment basin division while have few effects on factors like flow direction,and flow accumulation. When the grid unit size gets larger,the catchment basin area becomes smaller,and the amounts of the catchment basin also decrease.When the grid unit size gets smaller,the catchment basin area become larger,and the amount of the catchment basin also increase in correspondence.
The catchment basin is the fundamental unit in the application of spatially distributed hydrological models. The accuracy of catchment basin division has significant effect on urban rainstorm waterlogging simulation. But the foundation of catchment basin division is DEM raster data. Using hydrology tools to extract the catchment basin,due to the different size of the DEM grid unit,the range and spatial distribution of catchment basin is also different. In this paper,by using DEM raster date in different grid unit size to divide the catchment basin,the research found that the change of different grid unit size have great effects on factors such as flow length,sink division and catchment basin division while have few effects on factors like flow direction,and flow accumulation. When the grid unit size gets larger,the catchment basin area becomes smaller,and the amounts of the catchment basin also decrease.When the grid unit size gets smaller,the catchment basin area become larger,and the amount of the catchment basin also increase in correspondence.
引文
[1]韩羽. DEM栅格单元异质性对多尺度地形分析的影响[D].西北大学,2009:1-54.
[2] Valeo C,MoinSMA. Grid Resolution Effection a Model for Integrating Urban and Rural Areas Hydrological Processes,2000,14(14):2505-2525.
[3]秦福来,王晓燕,窦培谦,等.不同精度DEM流域地形特征提取分析及坡度误差控制研究[J].国土资源遥感,2005,(4)∶56-59.
[4]易卫华,张建明,匡永生,等.水平分辨率对DEM流域特征提取的影响[J].地理与地理信息科学,2007,23(2)∶35-38.
[5]王培法.栅格DEM的尺度与水平分辨率对流域特征提取的分析——以黄土岭流域为例[J].江西师范大学学报(渍然科学版),2004,28(6)∶549-554.
[6]邱临静,郑粉莉,Yin Runsheng. DEM栅格分辨率和子流域划分对杏子河流域水文模拟的影响[J].生态学报,2012,32(12):3754-3763.
[7]张正涛.不同空间分辨率及算法选择对SWIM水文模型模拟的影响[D].安徽师范大学,2015:1-59.
[8]李金锋,黄崇福,宗恬.反精确现象与形式化研究[J].系统工程理论与实践,2005,4(4):128-132.
[9]武震,张世强,丁永建.水文系统模拟不确定性研究进展[J].中国沙漠,2007,27(5):890-894.
[10]汤国安,杨昕等.地理信息系统空间分析实验教程(第二版)[M].北京:科学出版社,2012.
[11]徐新良,庄大方,贾绍凤,等.GIS环境下基于DEM的中国流域自动提取方法[J].长江流域资源与环境,2004,13(04):343-348.
[12]苏姝,李霖等.基于DEM对都市流域的水文分析[J].武汉理工大学学报,2005,27(11):59-62.
[13]赵俊鹏,赵来,等.SWAT模型中集水面积阈值对径流模拟的影响[J].黑龙江工程学院学报,2014:28(3):10-14.
[14]孙庆艳,余新晓,胡淑萍,等.基于Arc GIS环境下DEM流域特征提取及应用[J].北京林业大学学报,2008,30(02):144-147.
[15] LI Zhi-ling,ZHU Qing. Digital Elevation Model[M].Wuhan:Wuhan University Press,2003.(in Chinese).
[16] FRANCESCA B. Catchment Delineation and Characterization[M].[s. l.]:Space Applications Institute,2000.
[17]薛丰昌,盛洁如,钱洪亮.面向城市平原地区暴雨积涝汇水区分级划分的方法研究[J].地球信息科学,2015,4(17),462-468.
[18]沈晶玉,史昌明,田玉柱.DEM网格尺寸与沟谷提取精度研究[J].中国水土保持2007,(2):56-59.
[2] Valeo C,MoinSMA. Grid Resolution Effection a Model for Integrating Urban and Rural Areas Hydrological Processes,2000,14(14):2505-2525.
[3]秦福来,王晓燕,窦培谦,等.不同精度DEM流域地形特征提取分析及坡度误差控制研究[J].国土资源遥感,2005,(4)∶56-59.
[4]易卫华,张建明,匡永生,等.水平分辨率对DEM流域特征提取的影响[J].地理与地理信息科学,2007,23(2)∶35-38.
[5]王培法.栅格DEM的尺度与水平分辨率对流域特征提取的分析——以黄土岭流域为例[J].江西师范大学学报(渍然科学版),2004,28(6)∶549-554.
[6]邱临静,郑粉莉,Yin Runsheng. DEM栅格分辨率和子流域划分对杏子河流域水文模拟的影响[J].生态学报,2012,32(12):3754-3763.
[7]张正涛.不同空间分辨率及算法选择对SWIM水文模型模拟的影响[D].安徽师范大学,2015:1-59.
[8]李金锋,黄崇福,宗恬.反精确现象与形式化研究[J].系统工程理论与实践,2005,4(4):128-132.
[9]武震,张世强,丁永建.水文系统模拟不确定性研究进展[J].中国沙漠,2007,27(5):890-894.
[10]汤国安,杨昕等.地理信息系统空间分析实验教程(第二版)[M].北京:科学出版社,2012.
[11]徐新良,庄大方,贾绍凤,等.GIS环境下基于DEM的中国流域自动提取方法[J].长江流域资源与环境,2004,13(04):343-348.
[12]苏姝,李霖等.基于DEM对都市流域的水文分析[J].武汉理工大学学报,2005,27(11):59-62.
[13]赵俊鹏,赵来,等.SWAT模型中集水面积阈值对径流模拟的影响[J].黑龙江工程学院学报,2014:28(3):10-14.
[14]孙庆艳,余新晓,胡淑萍,等.基于Arc GIS环境下DEM流域特征提取及应用[J].北京林业大学学报,2008,30(02):144-147.
[15] LI Zhi-ling,ZHU Qing. Digital Elevation Model[M].Wuhan:Wuhan University Press,2003.(in Chinese).
[16] FRANCESCA B. Catchment Delineation and Characterization[M].[s. l.]:Space Applications Institute,2000.
[17]薛丰昌,盛洁如,钱洪亮.面向城市平原地区暴雨积涝汇水区分级划分的方法研究[J].地球信息科学,2015,4(17),462-468.
[18]沈晶玉,史昌明,田玉柱.DEM网格尺寸与沟谷提取精度研究[J].中国水土保持2007,(2):56-59.