钢中元素偏聚的研究现状及其发展趋势
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摘要
固溶状态下,钢中合金元素会在晶界、缺陷等处优先出现偏聚现象,对钢材的组织和性能产生显著影响。由于元素在钢中的偏聚量小,不易观察,而且影响偏聚的因素很多,导致钢中元素偏聚的理论研究进展缓慢。为了揭示不同元素在钢中的偏聚机理,充分发挥钢中元素偏聚的积极作用,从偏聚类型出发,总结分析了元素偏聚的影响因素和控制手段,重点介绍了几种常见元素的偏聚现象,深入分析其偏聚量及位置对钢材性能的影响,同时还介绍了几种观察元素偏聚的手段。期望能为揭示钢中偏聚行为、发挥其作用提供参考,也为后续偏聚行为的研究提供一些参考。
In the solid solution state,the alloying elements in the steel preferentially exhibit segregation at grain boundaries and defects,which have a significant effect on the microstructure and properties of the steel.Due to the small amount of segregation of elements in steel,it is difficult to observe,and there are many factors affecting segregation.The theoretical research on the segregation of elements in steel is slow.In order to reveal the segregation mechanism of different elements in steel and give full play to the positive effect of element segregation in steel,starting from the type of segregation,the influencing factors and control methods of element segregation were summarized,and several common elements were highlighted.The phenomenon of segregation and the influence of the amount of segregation and position on the properties of steel were also deeply analyzed.At the same time,several methods for observing the segregation of elements were also introduced.It is expected to reveal the segregation behavior in steel,and provide a reference for its role and some references for the study of subsequent segregation behavior.
In the solid solution state,the alloying elements in the steel preferentially exhibit segregation at grain boundaries and defects,which have a significant effect on the microstructure and properties of the steel.Due to the small amount of segregation of elements in steel,it is difficult to observe,and there are many factors affecting segregation.The theoretical research on the segregation of elements in steel is slow.In order to reveal the segregation mechanism of different elements in steel and give full play to the positive effect of element segregation in steel,starting from the type of segregation,the influencing factors and control methods of element segregation were summarized,and several common elements were highlighted.The phenomenon of segregation and the influence of the amount of segregation and position on the properties of steel were also deeply analyzed.At the same time,several methods for observing the segregation of elements were also introduced.It is expected to reveal the segregation behavior in steel,and provide a reference for its role and some references for the study of subsequent segregation behavior.
引文
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[5]吴承建,汤晓丽.铈、钼和磷在钢中的晶界偏聚行为与高温回火脆性[J].钢铁,1991,26(12):31.(WU Cheng-jian,TANG Xiao-li.Grain boundary segregation of Ce,Mo and temper embrittlement of steel[J].Iron and steel,1991,26(12):31.)
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