渤海湾西北岸QHJ01孔记录的晚新生代气候与沉积环境演化
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摘要
渤海湾西北岸是华北平原构造最为活跃的地区,其第四纪地层的深入研究能为区域地震地质和水文地质研究提供基础资料。本文依据渤海湾西北QHJ01孔沉积物岩性、结构构造以及孢粉分析等结果,结合年代学结果,重建了区域5.20Ma以来的古气候及沉积环境演化过程。QHJ01孔5.20～3.33Ma早期植被类型为以落叶为主的针阔叶混交林,气候温湿,晚期植被类型为针阔叶混交林,气候向冷干的趋势发展,沉积环境以湖泊为主;3.33～2.12Ma植被类型以荒漠草原为主,个别地段为针阔叶混交林草原,气候温凉干旱,沉积环境为曲流河和泛滥平原;此阶段沉积环境受气候变化影响较为明显。2.12～0.13Ma为湖泊发育期,其中2.12～1.78Ma植被类型为针阔叶混交林,气候凉湿,1.78～0.90Ma气候干冷,0.90～0.13Ma气候波动幅度增大,此阶段沉积环境受气候波动影响较小,主要受区域构造沉降控制。0.13Ma以来气候波动变化较为明显,落叶阔叶分子含量逐渐增高,有逐渐变暖的趋势,早期沉积环境主要为湖泊、湖泊三角洲、泛滥平原交替发育,晚期发育海相三角洲;此阶段沉积环境受气候变化影响较为明显,同时亦受区域构造沉降控制。
The northwestern coast of the Bohai Bay is the most active in the North China Plain. The study of Quaternary strata can provide the background data for regional seismic geology and hydrogeology. Based on the lithology, structure, and sporopollen analysis of sediments in QHJ01 hole, along with the results of paleomagnetic dating, the climate and sedimentary environment evolution process since 5.20 Ma was reconstructed. QHJ01 hole reveals that during the early stage of 5.20～3.33 Ma,the vegetation type was mixed forest of broad leaved trees and some coniferous trees, suggesting a warm and wet climate. During the late stage of 5.20～3.33 Ma,the vegetation type was mixed forest of coniferous trees and broad leaved trees, indicating a cool and dry climate with a sedimentary setting of lake. During the period of 3.33～2.12 Ma,the vegetation type was dominated by desert steppe, with some areas being mixed steppe and broad leaved trees, suggesting a cool and wet climate and a sedimentary setting of meandering stream and floodplain, with the latter less affected by the former. 2.12～1.78 Ma was the period of lake development in which vegetation type was mixed forest of coniferous trees and broad leaved trees, indicating a cool and wet climate. 1.78～0.90 Ma witnessed a dry and cool climate and 0.90～0.13 Ma a variable climate, during the periods the sedimentary environment was less affected by climate but controlled by regional tectonic subsidence. Since the period of 0.31 Ma, the climate fluctuated distinctly, getting warm with increasing of broad leaved contents. The early sedimentary environment was dominantly alternative development of lake, lake delta and floodplain, and the late environment was mainly marine delta. The sedimentary environment was affected distinctly by climate change and also controlly by regional tectonic subsidence since 0.13 Ma.
The northwestern coast of the Bohai Bay is the most active in the North China Plain. The study of Quaternary strata can provide the background data for regional seismic geology and hydrogeology. Based on the lithology, structure, and sporopollen analysis of sediments in QHJ01 hole, along with the results of paleomagnetic dating, the climate and sedimentary environment evolution process since 5.20 Ma was reconstructed. QHJ01 hole reveals that during the early stage of 5.20～3.33 Ma,the vegetation type was mixed forest of broad leaved trees and some coniferous trees, suggesting a warm and wet climate. During the late stage of 5.20～3.33 Ma,the vegetation type was mixed forest of coniferous trees and broad leaved trees, indicating a cool and dry climate with a sedimentary setting of lake. During the period of 3.33～2.12 Ma,the vegetation type was dominated by desert steppe, with some areas being mixed steppe and broad leaved trees, suggesting a cool and wet climate and a sedimentary setting of meandering stream and floodplain, with the latter less affected by the former. 2.12～1.78 Ma was the period of lake development in which vegetation type was mixed forest of coniferous trees and broad leaved trees, indicating a cool and wet climate. 1.78～0.90 Ma witnessed a dry and cool climate and 0.90～0.13 Ma a variable climate, during the periods the sedimentary environment was less affected by climate but controlled by regional tectonic subsidence. Since the period of 0.31 Ma, the climate fluctuated distinctly, getting warm with increasing of broad leaved contents. The early sedimentary environment was dominantly alternative development of lake, lake delta and floodplain, and the late environment was mainly marine delta. The sedimentary environment was affected distinctly by climate change and also controlly by regional tectonic subsidence since 0.13 Ma.
引文
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