胍盐聚合物添加量对抗菌食品包装膜抗菌性及物理性能的影响
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摘要
为了开发出一种安全高效的抗菌食品包装材料,添加不同质量分数(0～7%)的聚六亚甲基双胍盐酸盐(polyhexamethylene biguanidine hydrochloride,PHMB)抗菌母粒到聚乙烯基材中,制成PHMB抗菌膜,比较PHMB母粒添加量对抗菌食品包装薄膜的抗菌性和性能的影响。结果表明,随着PHMB母粒添加量的增大,薄膜抗菌性增强。PHMB母粒添加量为4%时,薄膜对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和杂菌样品的抗菌率分别为99.1%、99.2%和83.4%,且存放6个月后薄膜仍保持较强的抗菌作用;添加PHMB母粒后,薄膜的透光率、水蒸气透过率影响较小;薄膜的力学性能在PHMB母粒添加量为4%时最优;PHMB(4%)抗菌膜对实际试样(鳕鱼干)表现出良好的微生物抑制作用。因此,确定抗菌薄膜中PHMB母粒最佳添加量为4%,薄膜具备强抗菌作用和良好的性能。该研究为抗菌材料的研制提供了参考。
In order to develop a safe and efficient antibacterial material, the PHMB antibacterial film was prepared by preparing a polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride(PHMB) antibacterial masterbatch and adding the antibacterial masterbatch to a polyethylene substrate. The effects of the amount of PHMB masterbatch(0～7%) on the antibacterial and physical properties of the film were compared, and the antibacterial film preservation experiment was carried out. The results showed that the antibacterial property of the film increased with the increase of the amount of PHMB masterbatch added. The antibacterial film has good physical properties and preservation effect. In the inhibition of Escherichia coli, when the amount of PHMB masterbatch added amount was 3%, the number of plaques after bacterial suspension was significantly reduced after contact with the film for 24 hours, and the antibacterial rate was 85.2%. When the amount of PHMB masterbatch addition was 4%, only 3 colonies eluted from the film, and the antibacterial rate was 99.1%. Moreover, the antibacterial rate data had a small variance, and the antibacterial film had a relatively stable and strong antibacterial effect. In the inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus, when the amount of PHMB masterbatch addition was 2%, 3%, the plaque eluted from the antibacterial membrane was significantly reduced compared with the CK membrane, and the antibacterial rate was 60.3%, 72.6%. When the amount of PHMB masterbatch addition was 4%, only 2 colonies were cultured on the plate and the antibacterial rate increased to 99.2%. The antibacterial film had strong antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The antibacterial rate of PHMB(4%) antibacterial film against Shanghai green-loaded colonies was 83.4%, and the antibacterial rate of PHMB(6%) antibacterial film against Shanghai Qing loaded colonies was more than 90%. Shanghai Qing does not have any treatment, and various microorganisms in the field accompany it. The microbial species in the flora are diversified, and the antibacterial effect of the PHMB antibacterial membrane is still significant. This shows that PHMB antibacterial film has the characteristics of broad-spectrum antibacterial and strong antibacterial. After 6 months of storage of PHMB(4%) antibacterial film, the antibacterial rates against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were 97.5% and 96.9%, respectively. The antibacterial rate of the film decreased slightly, but it still maintained strong antibacterial properties. It shows that PHMB antibacterial film has antibacterial long-term effect. After the addition of the PHMB masterbatch, the transmittance of the film began to increase gradually, followed by a slight decrease. At 560 nm wavelength, the transmittance of the control film was 86.9%, and the transmittance of the antibacterial film of PHMB(5%) was the highest, reaching 89.1%. In general, the transmittance of the antibacterial film did not change much and was not affected at all. After the addition of PHMB masterbatch, the water vapor transmission rate of the film showed an increasing trend, but the increase was not obvious. As the amount of PHMB masterbatch addition increased from 0 to 3%, the water vapor transmission rate of the antibacterial film increased from 28.86 to 35.25 g/(m~2·d), and then tended to be steady. After the addition of the PHMB masterbatch, the moisture permeability of the film did not change much, and the moisture permeability was still maintained, which was beneficial to the storage and preservation of the food. With the increase of the amount of PHMB masterbatch added, the mechanical properties of the antibacterial film increased first and then decreased. The mechanical strength was the highest when the amount of the masterbatch was 4%, and the mechanical properties of the antibacterial film which added PHMB masterbatch was superior to those of the CK film. The PHMB(4%) antibacterial membrane was effective in inhibiting the growth of total colonies, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in dried salmon samples. Samples packaged in PHMB antibacterial film can reduce the irradiation dose and save energy in the subsequent irradiation sterilization process. Therefore, it was determined that the optimal amount of PHMB masterbatch in the antibacterial film was 4%. The film had good processability, mechanical strength, and long-lasting antibacterial properties, while achieving non-toxic, odor-free, environmentally friendly requirements. The subsequent application of PHMB antibacterial film in various food storage and preservation can be further explored. This study provides a reference for the development of antimicrobial materials.
In order to develop a safe and efficient antibacterial material, the PHMB antibacterial film was prepared by preparing a polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride(PHMB) antibacterial masterbatch and adding the antibacterial masterbatch to a polyethylene substrate. The effects of the amount of PHMB masterbatch(0～7%) on the antibacterial and physical properties of the film were compared, and the antibacterial film preservation experiment was carried out. The results showed that the antibacterial property of the film increased with the increase of the amount of PHMB masterbatch added. The antibacterial film has good physical properties and preservation effect. In the inhibition of Escherichia coli, when the amount of PHMB masterbatch added amount was 3%, the number of plaques after bacterial suspension was significantly reduced after contact with the film for 24 hours, and the antibacterial rate was 85.2%. When the amount of PHMB masterbatch addition was 4%, only 3 colonies eluted from the film, and the antibacterial rate was 99.1%. Moreover, the antibacterial rate data had a small variance, and the antibacterial film had a relatively stable and strong antibacterial effect. In the inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus, when the amount of PHMB masterbatch addition was 2%, 3%, the plaque eluted from the antibacterial membrane was significantly reduced compared with the CK membrane, and the antibacterial rate was 60.3%, 72.6%. When the amount of PHMB masterbatch addition was 4%, only 2 colonies were cultured on the plate and the antibacterial rate increased to 99.2%. The antibacterial film had strong antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The antibacterial rate of PHMB(4%) antibacterial film against Shanghai green-loaded colonies was 83.4%, and the antibacterial rate of PHMB(6%) antibacterial film against Shanghai Qing loaded colonies was more than 90%. Shanghai Qing does not have any treatment, and various microorganisms in the field accompany it. The microbial species in the flora are diversified, and the antibacterial effect of the PHMB antibacterial membrane is still significant. This shows that PHMB antibacterial film has the characteristics of broad-spectrum antibacterial and strong antibacterial. After 6 months of storage of PHMB(4%) antibacterial film, the antibacterial rates against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were 97.5% and 96.9%, respectively. The antibacterial rate of the film decreased slightly, but it still maintained strong antibacterial properties. It shows that PHMB antibacterial film has antibacterial long-term effect. After the addition of the PHMB masterbatch, the transmittance of the film began to increase gradually, followed by a slight decrease. At 560 nm wavelength, the transmittance of the control film was 86.9%, and the transmittance of the antibacterial film of PHMB(5%) was the highest, reaching 89.1%. In general, the transmittance of the antibacterial film did not change much and was not affected at all. After the addition of PHMB masterbatch, the water vapor transmission rate of the film showed an increasing trend, but the increase was not obvious. As the amount of PHMB masterbatch addition increased from 0 to 3%, the water vapor transmission rate of the antibacterial film increased from 28.86 to 35.25 g/(m~2·d), and then tended to be steady. After the addition of the PHMB masterbatch, the moisture permeability of the film did not change much, and the moisture permeability was still maintained, which was beneficial to the storage and preservation of the food. With the increase of the amount of PHMB masterbatch added, the mechanical properties of the antibacterial film increased first and then decreased. The mechanical strength was the highest when the amount of the masterbatch was 4%, and the mechanical properties of the antibacterial film which added PHMB masterbatch was superior to those of the CK film. The PHMB(4%) antibacterial membrane was effective in inhibiting the growth of total colonies, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in dried salmon samples. Samples packaged in PHMB antibacterial film can reduce the irradiation dose and save energy in the subsequent irradiation sterilization process. Therefore, it was determined that the optimal amount of PHMB masterbatch in the antibacterial film was 4%. The film had good processability, mechanical strength, and long-lasting antibacterial properties, while achieving non-toxic, odor-free, environmentally friendly requirements. The subsequent application of PHMB antibacterial film in various food storage and preservation can be further explored. This study provides a reference for the development of antimicrobial materials.
引文
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[10]Zhang Yumei,Jiang Jianming,Chen Yanmo.Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of polymeric guanidine and biguanidine salts[J].Polymer,1999,40(22):6189-6198.
[11]Guan Yong,Xiao Huining,Sullivan Heather,et al.Antimicrobial-modified sulfite pulps prepared by in situ copolymerization[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2007,69(4):688-696.
[12]Qian Liying,Guan Yong,He Beihai,et al.Modified guanidine polymers:Synthesis and antimicrobial mechanism revealed by AFM[J].Polymer,2008,49(10):2471-2475.
[13]李旭,钱丽颖,肖惠宁.胍盐类纸品抗菌-湿强剂的合成及应用[J].造纸科学与技术,2009,28(4):36-39,44.Li Xu,Qian Liying,Xiao Huining.The synthesis and application of guanidine antimicrobial-wet strength agent[J].Paper Science&Technology,2009,28(4):36-39,44.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[14]吕飞,丁祎程,叶兴乾.肉桂油/海藻酸钠薄膜物理特性和抗菌性能分析[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(2):268-272.LüFei,Ding Yicheng,Ye Xingqian.Physical and antimicrobial properties of cinnamon oil/alginate film[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering(Transactions of the CSAE),2012,28(2):268-272.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[15]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.塑料塑料表面抗菌性能试验方法:GB/T 31402-2015[S].北京:标准出版社,2015-10.
[16]国家标准局.塑料薄膜和片材透水蒸气性试验方法杯式法:GB 1037-1988[S].北京:标准出版社,1988-05.
[17]Nikkola J,Liu X,Li Y,et al.Surface modification of thin film composite RO membrane for enhanced anti-biofouling performance[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2013,444:192-200.
[18]Li X,Cao Y M,Yu H J,et al.A novel composite nanofiltration membrane prepared with PHGH and TMC by interfacial polymerization[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2014,466:82-91.
[19]李妮妮,于文.聚六亚甲基胍类消毒剂性能及应用研究进展[J].日用化学品科学,2015,38(9):36-39.Li Nini,Yu Wen.Research progress of properties and application of polyhexamethylene guanidine disinfectant[J].Detergent&Cosmetics,2015,38(9):36-39.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[20]孙雪飞,高勇强,赵颂,等.胍基聚合物接枝改性制备抗菌抗污染超滤膜[J].化工学报,2018,69(11):4869-4878.Sun Xuefei,Gao Yongqiang,Zhao Song,et al.Ultrafiltration membrane with antibacterial and antifouling properties by grafting guanidine based polymer[J].Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering(China),2018,69(11):4869-4878.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[21]周艺璇,王志,董晨曦,等.双胍基化聚乙烯胺改性制备抗生物污染反渗透膜[J].化工学报,2018,69(2):858-865.Zhou Yixuan,Wang Zhi,Dong Chenxi,et al.Biguanidine functionalized polyvinylamine modified reverse osmosis membrane with improved anti-bacterial property[J].CIESCJournal,2018,69(2):858-865.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[22]王丹锋,柴欣生.苄索氯铵与聚六亚甲基双胍协同杀菌效果的评价[J].造纸科学与技术,2018,37(5):43-47.Wang Danfeng,Chai Xinsheng.Evaluation of synergetic bactericidal effect of benzoxonium chloride and polyhexamethylene biguanide[J].Paper Science&Technology,2018,37(5):43-47.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[23]叶迎,董超,李翠玉,等.一种新型胍盐抗菌剂的制备及其性能研究[J].高分子通报,2014(11):101-108.Ye Ying,Dong Chao,Li Cuiyu,et al.Preparation and application of a novel guanidine-based antimicrobial polymer[J].Chinese Polymer Bulletin,2014(11):101-108.(in Chinese with English abstract)
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