采空区内煤自燃气体特征及产生规律分析
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摘要
针对目前对在模拟逐渐升温的采空区环境条件下不同变质程度煤自燃现象的研究较少的问题,以采集的4种变质程度的焦瘦煤、气肥煤、无烟煤、肥焦煤为例,利用煤自燃模拟系统进行了煤自燃实验,研究在采空区环境条件下煤的燃烧特征及自燃气体的产生规律。实验结果表明,焦瘦煤、气肥煤、无烟煤、肥焦煤自燃时,温度会呈现"S"型上升趋势,前期温度先缓慢积累,而后开始快速升温,最后在300℃时趋于平衡,而后缓慢上升;不同煤样在自燃过程中均会产生碳氢化合物和碳氧化合物等挥发性气体,且生成速率受温度影响,并出现极大值和极小值2个拐点;无烟煤温度上升曲线近似于直线,气体曲线随温度波动不明显;气肥煤和肥焦煤自燃时会产生大量CO和CH4,气肥煤产生CO的速率最快,CO最大体积分数可达8%,肥焦煤产生CH4的速率最快,CH4最大体积分数可达14%,焦瘦煤和无烟煤产生的CO和CO2的体积分数分别在2%和4%左右。
At present,there are few researches on coal spontaneous combustion with different metamorphic degree under environment conditions of simulated gradually heated goaf.Taking 4 kinds of metamorphic coal samples,such as coke lean coal,gas-fat coal,anthracite coal and fat coke coal as example,the experiment of coal spontaneous combustion was carried out by using simulation system of coal spontaneous combustion to study combustion characteristics of coal and generation rules of spontaneous combustion gas under goaf environment.Experiment results show that when coke lean coal,gas-fat coal,anthracite and fat coke coal are warmed up,the temperature will rise " S" type.The early temperature will have a slow accumulation process at first and then start to heat up quickly,and finally tend to balance at 300 ℃,and then slowly rising.Different coal samples produce volatile gases such as hydrocarbons and carbon oxides during the spontaneous combustion process and the rate of formation is affected by temperature,as well as the maximum and minimum two inflection points are present.The temperature rise curve of anthracite coal is similar to a straight line,and the gas curve does not fluctuate obviously with temperature.Large amounts of CO and CH4 are produced in spontaneous combustion of gas-fat coal and fat coke coal,the rate of CO production of gas-fat coal is the fastest,the maximum volume fraction of CO can reach 8%;and the rate of CH4 production of fat coke coal is the fastest,the maximum volume fraction of CH4 can reach 14%.The volume fraction of CO and CO2 produced by coke lean coal and anthracite is about 2%and 4%respectively.
At present,there are few researches on coal spontaneous combustion with different metamorphic degree under environment conditions of simulated gradually heated goaf.Taking 4 kinds of metamorphic coal samples,such as coke lean coal,gas-fat coal,anthracite coal and fat coke coal as example,the experiment of coal spontaneous combustion was carried out by using simulation system of coal spontaneous combustion to study combustion characteristics of coal and generation rules of spontaneous combustion gas under goaf environment.Experiment results show that when coke lean coal,gas-fat coal,anthracite and fat coke coal are warmed up,the temperature will rise " S" type.The early temperature will have a slow accumulation process at first and then start to heat up quickly,and finally tend to balance at 300 ℃,and then slowly rising.Different coal samples produce volatile gases such as hydrocarbons and carbon oxides during the spontaneous combustion process and the rate of formation is affected by temperature,as well as the maximum and minimum two inflection points are present.The temperature rise curve of anthracite coal is similar to a straight line,and the gas curve does not fluctuate obviously with temperature.Large amounts of CO and CH4 are produced in spontaneous combustion of gas-fat coal and fat coke coal,the rate of CO production of gas-fat coal is the fastest,the maximum volume fraction of CO can reach 8%;and the rate of CH4 production of fat coke coal is the fastest,the maximum volume fraction of CH4 can reach 14%.The volume fraction of CO and CO2 produced by coke lean coal and anthracite is about 2%and 4%respectively.
引文
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[12]秦波涛,张雷林,王德明.等.采空区煤自燃引爆瓦斯的机理及控制技术[J].煤炭学报,2009,34(12):1655-1659.QIN Botao,ZHANG Leilin,WANG Deming,et al.Mechanism and restraining technology on spontaneous combustion of coal detonating gas in goaf[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2009,34(12):1655-1659.
[13]陈舸,陈孟伯.煤自燃发火促成瓦斯爆炸作用的讨论[J].煤矿安全,2012,43(增刊1):142-145.CHEN Ge,CHEN Mengbo.Discussion on the effect of coal spontaneous combustion causing gas explosion[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2012,43(S1):142-145.
[14]贾宝山,肖明慧,尹彬,等.采空区遗煤氧化标志性伴生气体对瓦斯爆炸的影响[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(4):56-61.JIA Baoshan,XIAO Minghui,YIN Bin,et al.Symbolic associated gas of left coal oxidation in goaf affected to gas explosion[J].Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(4):56-61.
[15]周西华,孟乐,史美静,等.高瓦斯矿发火区封闭时对瓦斯爆炸界限因素的影响[J].爆炸与冲击,2013,33(4):351-356.ZHOU Xihua,MENG Le,SHI Meijing,et al.Influences of sealing fire zone in high gas mine on impact factors of gas explosion limits[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2013,33(4):351-356.
[16]程方明,邓军.一氧化碳影响二氧化碳惰化甲烷爆炸的实验研究[J].西安科技大学学报,2016,36(3):315-319.CHENG Fangming,DENG Jun.Experimental study on the influence of carbon monoxide on carbon dioxide-inerted methane explosion[J].Journal of Xi'an University of Science and Technology,2016,36(3):315-319.
[2]肖旸,李青蔚,鲁军辉.空气相对湿度对煤自燃特性的影响研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2015,25(3):34-40.XIAO Yang,LI Qingwei,LU Junhui.Effects of air relative humidity on coal spontaneous combustion roperties[J].China Safety Science Journal,2015,25(3):34-40.
[3]黄素果.孤岛综放工作面采空区残煤自燃指标气体及“三带”特征研究[J].煤炭技术,2015,34(6):143-146.HUANG Suguo.Investigation on indicator gas on residual coal spontaneous combustion and spontaneous combustion three zone in gob of isolated fully mechanized caving face[J].Coal Technology,2015,34(6):143-146.
[4]蒋曙光,李亚东,邹力力,等.基于气相色谱技术的采空区煤自燃火灾预测预报研究[J].工矿自动化,2010,36(6):38-40.JIANG Shuguang,LI Yadong,ZOU Lili,et al.Research of forecasting of spontaneous combustion of coal in mined-out area based on technology of gas chromatography[J].Industry and Mine Automation,2010,36(6):38-40.
[5]李金帅,王德明,仲晓星,等.低温阶段程序升温法对煤氧化过程影响的研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2011,21(5):72-76.LI Jinshuai,WANG Deming,ZHONG Xiaoxing,et al.Effect of temperature rising programmed test on process of coal oxidation in low temperature stage[J].China Safety Science Journal,2011,21(5):72-76.
[6]邬剑明,彭举,吴玉国.平朔矿区煤自然发火指标气体选择的试验研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2012,40(2):67-69.WU Jianming,PENG Ju,WU Yuguo.Experiment study on index gas selection of coal spontaneous combustion in Pingshuo Mining Area[J].Coal Science and Technology,2012,40(2):67-69.
[7]张嬿妮,李士戎,罗振敏,等.基于油浴程序升温试验系统的煤自燃特性研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2010,38(8):85-88.ZHANG Yanni,LI Shirong,LUO Zhenmin,et al.Study on coal spontaneous combustion features of temperature rising system based on oil bathing program[J].Coal Science and Technology,2010,38(8):85-88.
[8]朱令起,杨帆,刘聪.煤自燃加速氧化阶段指标气体优选实验研究及分析[J].煤矿机械,2016,37(6):40-43.ZHU Lingqi,YANG Fan,LIU Cong.Experimental study and analysis on optimization of index gas in accelerated oxidation phase of coal spontaneous combustion[J].Coal Mine Machinery,2016,37(6):40-43.
[9]李林,陈军朝,姜德义,等.煤自燃全过程高温区域及指标气体时空变化实验研究[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(2):444-450.LI Lin,CHEN Junchao,JIANG Deyi,et al.Experimental study on temporal variation of high temperature region and index gas of coal spontaneous combustion[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(2):444-450.
[10]寇砾文,蒋曙光,王兰云,等.煤自燃指标气体产生规律及影响因素分析[J].矿业研究与开发,2012,32(2):67-70.KOU Liwen,JIANG Shuguang,WANG Lanyun,et al.Analysis on the production law of index gases for spontaneous combustion of coal and their influencing factors[J].Mining Research&Development,2012,32(2):67-70.
[11]邓军,赵婧昱,张嬿妮.基于指标气体增长率分析法测定煤自燃特征温度[J].煤炭科学技术,2014,42(7):49-52.DENG Jun,ZHAO Jingyu,ZHANG Yanni.Study on determination of coal spontaneous combustion characteristic temperature based on analysis method of index gas growth-rate[J].Coal Science and Technology,2014,42(7):49-52.
[12]秦波涛,张雷林,王德明.等.采空区煤自燃引爆瓦斯的机理及控制技术[J].煤炭学报,2009,34(12):1655-1659.QIN Botao,ZHANG Leilin,WANG Deming,et al.Mechanism and restraining technology on spontaneous combustion of coal detonating gas in goaf[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2009,34(12):1655-1659.
[13]陈舸,陈孟伯.煤自燃发火促成瓦斯爆炸作用的讨论[J].煤矿安全,2012,43(增刊1):142-145.CHEN Ge,CHEN Mengbo.Discussion on the effect of coal spontaneous combustion causing gas explosion[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2012,43(S1):142-145.
[14]贾宝山,肖明慧,尹彬,等.采空区遗煤氧化标志性伴生气体对瓦斯爆炸的影响[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(4):56-61.JIA Baoshan,XIAO Minghui,YIN Bin,et al.Symbolic associated gas of left coal oxidation in goaf affected to gas explosion[J].Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(4):56-61.
[15]周西华,孟乐,史美静,等.高瓦斯矿发火区封闭时对瓦斯爆炸界限因素的影响[J].爆炸与冲击,2013,33(4):351-356.ZHOU Xihua,MENG Le,SHI Meijing,et al.Influences of sealing fire zone in high gas mine on impact factors of gas explosion limits[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2013,33(4):351-356.
[16]程方明,邓军.一氧化碳影响二氧化碳惰化甲烷爆炸的实验研究[J].西安科技大学学报,2016,36(3):315-319.CHENG Fangming,DENG Jun.Experimental study on the influence of carbon monoxide on carbon dioxide-inerted methane explosion[J].Journal of Xi'an University of Science and Technology,2016,36(3):315-319.