岸桥刚度畸变相似模型振动台地震模拟试验研究
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摘要
动力学模型试验是研究岸桥地震破坏机制的重要手段之一。针对由岸桥不完全相似模型(即畸变模型)试验结果来预测原型动力学特性的问题,基于振动台性能参数及模型加工约束提出了弯曲刚度畸变模型试验,并采用预测系数法对试验数据进行修正。设计制作了3套刚度产生不同倍率畸变的1:20岸桥试验模型,分别进行了振动台地震模拟试验,测试了模型结构在不同地震作用下的动力响应。同时,采用ABAQUS软件建立岸桥原型有限元模型并进行地震时程计算,将计算值与试验数据进行对比,结果显示:经过预测系数修正后的试验数据与有限元计算结果吻合较好,刚度畸变模型是可以对岸桥原型的地震响应进行准确预测的。
Dynamic model test is one of important means to study seismic failure mechanism of a container crane. Here, aiming at problems appearing due to using test results of a container crane's incomplete similarity model(distorted one) to predict dynamic characteristics of the original container crane, based on the shaking table's performance parameters and the model processing constraints, the container crane's bending stiffness distortion model tests were proposed and the predicting coefficient method was used to modifying the test data. Three test models with different rate distortions were designed and made. Shaking table seismic analog tests were conducted for these models to measure dynamic responses of these models under different earthquakes. Meanwhile, the finite element model for the original container crane was established with the software ABAQUS to calculate its seismic response time histories. The calculation data were compared with test ones. The results showed that the test data modified with the predicting coefficient method agree well with the finite element calculation results; the stiffness distortion model can be used to accurately predict seismic responses of the original container crane.
Dynamic model test is one of important means to study seismic failure mechanism of a container crane. Here, aiming at problems appearing due to using test results of a container crane's incomplete similarity model(distorted one) to predict dynamic characteristics of the original container crane, based on the shaking table's performance parameters and the model processing constraints, the container crane's bending stiffness distortion model tests were proposed and the predicting coefficient method was used to modifying the test data. Three test models with different rate distortions were designed and made. Shaking table seismic analog tests were conducted for these models to measure dynamic responses of these models under different earthquakes. Meanwhile, the finite element model for the original container crane was established with the software ABAQUS to calculate its seismic response time histories. The calculation data were compared with test ones. The results showed that the test data modified with the predicting coefficient method agree well with the finite element calculation results; the stiffness distortion model can be used to accurately predict seismic responses of the original container crane.
引文
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[9] 金玉龙,吴天行. 集装箱码头岸桥结构的动力相似分析与试验验证[J]. 上海交通大学学报(自然科学版), 2012, 46(10): 1609-1615. JIN Yulong, WU Tianxing. Dynamic similarity analysis and experimental verification on a quayside container crane[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2012, 46(10): 1609-1615.
[10] JIN Y L, LI Z G. Theoretical design and experimental verification of a 1/50 scale model of a quayside container crane[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, 2012, 226(6):1644-1662.
[11] 周颖,吕西林. 建筑结构振动台模型试验方法与技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2016.
[12] 李哲,王贡献,胡吉全,等. 基于惯性半径相似岸桥模型的地震试验[J]. 振动、测试与诊断, 2016,36(5):972-978. LI Zhe, WANG Gongxian, HU Jiquan, et al. Seismic experimental research on cross section radius of inertia similar for dynamic model of container cranes[J]. Journal of Vibration, Measurement & Diagnosis,2016,36(5):972-978.
[2] 易江,孙平宽,李建中. 斜拉桥横向减震振动台试验[J]. 振动与冲击,2018,37(2):47-53. YI Jiang, SUN Pingkuan, LI Jianzhong. Shaking table tests for transverse aseismic control of cable-stayed bridges[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2018, 37(2): 47-53.
[3] 张学明,闫维明,陈彦江,等. 考虑行波效应的沉管隧道抗震性能:振动台阵试验研究[J]. 振动与冲击,2018,37(2):76-84. ZHANG Xueming, YAN Weiming, CHEN Yanjiang, et al. Shaking tables tests for an immersed tunnel model considering wave passage effect[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock,2018,37(2):76-84.
[4] 罗忠,王有,韩清凯,等. 圆环薄板类构件畸变相似关系的确定方法[J]. 机械工程学报,2017, 53(23): 14-19. LUO Zhong, WANG You, HAN Qingkai, et al. Determining method of distorted scaling laws of the thin walled annular plates’ structures[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2017,53(23):14-19.
[5] 李哲,胡吉全,王东.地震载荷作用下岸桥结构单参数畸变相似模型研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2014,33(20):174-179. LI Zhe, HU Jiquan, WANG Dong. Distortion model of container cranes subjected to seismic load[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock,2014,33(20):174-179.
[6] 王有,罗忠,曲涛,等. 薄壁构件试验模型的动力学相似设计方法[J]. 航空发动机, 2016, 42(1): 32-36. WANG You, LUO Zhong, QU Tao, et al. Dynamic similitude design method of experimental models for thin walled structures[J]. Aeroengine,2016,42(1):32-36.
[7] JACOBS L D, KOSBAB B D, LEON R T. Seismic behavior of a jumbo container crane including uplift[J]. Earthquake Spectra, 2011, 27(3), 745-773.
[8] 殷杰,王艾伦,陈杰. 燃气轮机拉杆转子畸变相似问题研究[J]. 中国机械工程, 2013, 24(22): 3066-3070. YIN Jie, WANG Ailun, CHEN Jie. Distortion similarity analysis of gas turbine rod-fastening rotor[J]. China Mechanical Engineering,2013,24(22):3066-3070.
[9] 金玉龙,吴天行. 集装箱码头岸桥结构的动力相似分析与试验验证[J]. 上海交通大学学报(自然科学版), 2012, 46(10): 1609-1615. JIN Yulong, WU Tianxing. Dynamic similarity analysis and experimental verification on a quayside container crane[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2012, 46(10): 1609-1615.
[10] JIN Y L, LI Z G. Theoretical design and experimental verification of a 1/50 scale model of a quayside container crane[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, 2012, 226(6):1644-1662.
[11] 周颖,吕西林. 建筑结构振动台模型试验方法与技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2016.
[12] 李哲,王贡献,胡吉全,等. 基于惯性半径相似岸桥模型的地震试验[J]. 振动、测试与诊断, 2016,36(5):972-978. LI Zhe, WANG Gongxian, HU Jiquan, et al. Seismic experimental research on cross section radius of inertia similar for dynamic model of container cranes[J]. Journal of Vibration, Measurement & Diagnosis,2016,36(5):972-978.
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