溶剂热合成具有高热电性能的碲化铋纳米片
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摘要
本文首先采用溶剂热法合成了Bi_2Te_3纳米片,然后利用放电等离子烧结技术(SPS)烧结制备了Bi_2Te_3块体热电材料,并研究了表面活性剂(聚乙烯吡络烷酮,PVP)对Bi_2Te_3形貌、尺寸以及块体热电性能的影响。采用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、热电测试系统、激光热导仪对样品进行了表征和性能测试。结果表明,所合成的Bi_2Te_3呈六边形单晶纳米片,尺寸约800 nm、厚度约20 nm。对比块体样品的热电性能发现,在合成Bi_2Te_3纳米片的过程中加入PVP,经过烧结后样品的热导率明显低于不加PVP的样品,因而使其热电优值(ZT)获得大幅提升,在450 K时达到了0.64。
In this paper Bi_2Te_3 nanoplates were synthesized via solvothermal method, and then densified by spark plasma sintering(SPS).The influence of the surfactant(polyvinyl pyrrolidone, PVP) on the morphology and size of Bi_2Te_3 powder as well as the thermoelectric properties of the bulk samples was investigated by using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope and thermoelectric test system, and laser flash analysis. The results show that the synthesized Bi_2Te_3 is of hexagonal single crystal nanoplates with the lateral size of 800 nm and the thickness of 20 nm. After sintering by SPS, it is found that the sample prepared with PVP has much lower thermal conductivity compared to the sample prepared without PVP, which leads to high ZT values with a maximum of 0.64 at 450 K.
In this paper Bi_2Te_3 nanoplates were synthesized via solvothermal method, and then densified by spark plasma sintering(SPS).The influence of the surfactant(polyvinyl pyrrolidone, PVP) on the morphology and size of Bi_2Te_3 powder as well as the thermoelectric properties of the bulk samples was investigated by using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope and thermoelectric test system, and laser flash analysis. The results show that the synthesized Bi_2Te_3 is of hexagonal single crystal nanoplates with the lateral size of 800 nm and the thickness of 20 nm. After sintering by SPS, it is found that the sample prepared with PVP has much lower thermal conductivity compared to the sample prepared without PVP, which leads to high ZT values with a maximum of 0.64 at 450 K.
引文
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[3]HOU X H,HU S J,RU Q,et al.Current status and development of Bi2Te3-based thermoelectric materials[J].Materials Review,2007,21(7):111-118.
[4]ZHANG W X,YANG Z H,HUANG X M,et al.Low temperature growth of bismuth sulfide nanorods by a hydrothermal method[J].Solid State Communications,2001,119:143-146.
[5]NI H L,ZHU T J,ZHAO X B.Thermoelectric properties of hydrothermally synthesized and hot pressed n-type Bi2Te3 alloys with different content of Te[J].Materials Science&Engineering B,2005,117(2):119-122.
[6]DRESSELHAUS M S,CHEN G,TANG M Y,et al.New directions for low-dimensional thermoelectric materials[J].Cheminform,2007,38(26):1043-1053.
[7]VENKATASUB R,SIIVOLA E,COLPITTS T,et al.Thin-film thermoelectric devices with high room-temperature figures of merit[J].Nature,2001,413:597-602.
[8]SCHEELE M,OESCHLER N,VEREMCHUK I,et al.ZTenhancement in solution-grown Sb2-xBixTe3 nanoplatelets[J].Acs Nano,2011,4(7):4283-4291.
[9]DENG Y,ZHOU X S,WEI G D,et al.Solvothermal preparation and characterization of nanocrystalline Bi2Te3 powder with different morphology[J].Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids,2002,63:2119-2121.
[10]ZHANG Y,HU L P,ZHU T J,et al.High yield Bi2Te3 single crystal nanosheets with uniform morphology via a solvothermal synthesis[J].Crystal Growth&Design,2013,13(2):645-651.
[11]HE X,ZHANG H,LIN W,et al.PVP-assisted solvothermal synthesis of high-yielded Bi2Te3 hexagonal nanoplates:Application in passively Q-switched fiber laser[J].Scientific Reports,2015,5:15868.
[12]HONG M,CHEN Z G,YANG L,et al.Enhancing thermoelectric performance of Bi2Te3-based nanostructures through rational structure design[J].Nanoscale,2016,8(16):8681-8686.
[13]LI Z L,ZHENG S Q,ZHANG Y Z.High-yield synthesis,controllable evolution,and thermoelectric properties of Te/Bi2Te3 heterostructure nanostrings[J].Journal of Electronic Materials,2015,44(6):2061-2067.
[14]XIAO Y,POUDEL B,MA Y,et al.Experimental studies on anisotropic thermoelectric properties and structures of n-type Bi2Te2.7Se0.3[J].Nano Letters,2010,10(9):3373-3378.
[15]SOOTSMAN J R,CHUNG D Y,KANATZIDIS M G.New and old concepts in thermoelectric materials[J].Angewandte Chemie,2009,48:8616-8639.
[16]SALES B C,MANDRUS D,WILLIAMS R K.Filled skutterudite antimonides:A new class of thermoelectric materials[J].Science,1996,272(5266):1325-1328.
[17]HSU K F,et al.Cubic AgPbmSbTe2+m bulk thermoelectric materials with high figure of merit[J].Science,2004,303:818-821.
[18]张骐昊,徐磊磊,王连军,等.Se掺杂量对n型Bi2Te3-xSex微结构及热电性能的影响[J].无机材料学报,2014,29(11),1139-1144.ZHANG Q H,XU L L,WANG L J,et al.Journal of Inorganic Materials,2014,29(11):1139-1144.
[19]LIU H L,et al.Copper ion liquid-like thermoelectrics[J].Nature Materials,2012,11:422-425.
[20]XIE W,TANG X,TRITT T M,et al.High thermoelectric performance BiSbTe alloy with unique low-dimensional structure[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2009,105(11):113713-113718.