中英文摘要在结构、内容和表达上的常见问题分析
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摘要
中英文摘要的质量直接影响论文的研究成果在国内外的影响力,但不少中英文摘要在结构、内容或表达上有明显不足,从而严重削弱了它们的科学价值。为提高作者和读者的摘要写作技巧,本文阐明了摘要应具备的结构整体性、内容具体性和表达准确性,举例分析了有些摘要在这3个方面的缺陷。首先,有些摘要对研究目的不加陈述,导致结构不完整。其次,很多基于田间试验的摘要在主体部分具体性严重不足,比如田间试验的时间地点不详,试验对照未被定义,以及杀菌剂的施用剂量和防效数值不明确等。再者,有些英文摘要用词不当,导致句意不清。本文通过分析多个摘要实例,阐述了写作的基本规则,这有利于作者和读者提升中英文摘要写作质量,从而增强其研究成果在国内外的交流成效。
The qualities of the Chinese and English abstracts of a research paper directly concern their scientific impact nationally and globally. However, many abstracts have noticeable deficiencies in structure, content, and/or expression,therefore substantially compromising their scientific values. Aiming at improving the skills of readers and authors for writing abstracts, this paper illustrates basic rules for writing a solid abstract, namely, unity of structure, specificity of content, and accuracy of expression; and makes an in-depth analysis of the deficiencies in these aspects existing in some abstracts. Firstly, some abstracts do not indicate the aim(s) of the research, leading to incomplete structure.Secondly, a considerable number of abstracts have profound deficiencies in specificity or concreteness in their bodies,without specifying the time and locality for a field trial, the experimental control, and the doses and control efficacy ofapplied fungicides. Thirdly, English expressions in some abstracts are inaccurate or even incorrect, thus confusing readers. By analyzing a number of abstracts with writing deficiencies, this paper elucidates important writing rules,which is instrumental in enhancing abstract writing skills of authors and readers, thereby facilitating the effective sharing of their research findings with their peers around the world.
The qualities of the Chinese and English abstracts of a research paper directly concern their scientific impact nationally and globally. However, many abstracts have noticeable deficiencies in structure, content, and/or expression,therefore substantially compromising their scientific values. Aiming at improving the skills of readers and authors for writing abstracts, this paper illustrates basic rules for writing a solid abstract, namely, unity of structure, specificity of content, and accuracy of expression; and makes an in-depth analysis of the deficiencies in these aspects existing in some abstracts. Firstly, some abstracts do not indicate the aim(s) of the research, leading to incomplete structure.Secondly, a considerable number of abstracts have profound deficiencies in specificity or concreteness in their bodies,without specifying the time and locality for a field trial, the experimental control, and the doses and control efficacy ofapplied fungicides. Thirdly, English expressions in some abstracts are inaccurate or even incorrect, thus confusing readers. By analyzing a number of abstracts with writing deficiencies, this paper elucidates important writing rules,which is instrumental in enhancing abstract writing skills of authors and readers, thereby facilitating the effective sharing of their research findings with their peers around the world.
引文
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[3]PATHAK D S,SANKHYAN S,DUBEY D S,et al.Dry directseeding of rice for mitigating greenhouse gas emission:field experimentation and simulation[J].Paddy and Water Environment,2013,11(1/2/3/4):593-601.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10333-012-0352-0.
[4]谷春.“秸秆还田”还是“秸秆留田”?---一则农业术语的英译与含义探析[J].大麦与谷类科学,2018,35(3):60-62.
[5]谷春.作物品种鉴定与性状评估等相关术语的含意辨析与英译[J].大麦与谷类科学,2018,35(5):59-62.′
[2]WAGARA I N,MWANQ ORNBE A W,KIRNENJU J W.et al.Virulence,variability and physiological races of the angular leaf spot pathogen Phaeoisariopsis griseolain Kenya”[J].African Plant Protection,2005,11(1),23-31.
[3]PATHAK D S,SANKHYAN S,DUBEY D S,et al.Dry directseeding of rice for mitigating greenhouse gas emission:field experimentation and simulation[J].Paddy and Water Environment,2013,11(1/2/3/4):593-601.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10333-012-0352-0.
[4]谷春.“秸秆还田”还是“秸秆留田”?---一则农业术语的英译与含义探析[J].大麦与谷类科学,2018,35(3):60-62.
[5]谷春.作物品种鉴定与性状评估等相关术语的含意辨析与英译[J].大麦与谷类科学,2018,35(5):59-62.′