噻苯隆-乙烯利复配剂对玉米子粒脱水效果及产量品质的影响
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摘要
【目的】探究噻苯隆-乙烯利复配剂对玉米子粒脱水效果、产量及品质的影响。【方法】以先玉335和鑫鑫2号为试验材料,在蜡熟期喷施噻苯隆和噻苯隆-乙烯利复配剂,清水为对照。【结果】经噻苯隆-乙烯利复配剂处理后,先玉335和鑫鑫2号收获期的子粒含水量与对照相比分别降低6.32%和5.72%;叶片抗氧化酶活性降低;产量分别达到12 899.15和12 413.77 kg/hm~2,分别比对照增产13.44%和10.50%;熟期分别提前5和6 d;对玉米的品质均无显著影响。相关性分析表明子粒含水量与产量显著负相关,相关系数达到-0.87。【结论】本研究表明噻苯隆-乙烯利复配剂能够加快玉米子粒脱水速率,降低玉米收获期子粒含水量,提高产量,而对品质影响不大。
【Objective】The present paper was conducted to explore the effect of the mixture compound of thidiazuron and ethephon on dehydration effects,yield and quality of spring maize.【Method】The Xianyu 335 and Xinxin 2 were treated with thidiazuron and the mixture compound of thidiazuron and ethephon at dough stage,with water as control. 【Result】Compared to the control,the mixture compound of thidiazuron and ethephon decreased the kernel moisture content of maize at the mature stage of Xianyu 335 and Xinxin 2 by 6. 32 % and 5. 72 %respectively,reduced leaf antioxidant enzyme activity and accelerated the leaf aging. The maturation time of Xianyu 335 and Xinxin 2 advanced for 5 and 6 days,respectively. Mixture compound of thidiazuron and ethephon could significantly increase yield,and Xianyu 335 and Xinxin 2 achieved the yield of 12 899. 15 and 12 413. 77 kg/hm~2,13. 44 % and 10. 50 % higher than the control. Thidiazuron and ethephon had no effects on quality of maize. Correlation analysis showed that seed moisture content was closely related to yield,and the correlation coefficient reached-0. 87. 【Conclusion】The effects of accelerate dehydration rate of maize grain,reduce the kernel moisture content of maize at the mature stage and enhance the yield by mixture compound of thidiazuron and ethephon is remarkable. This research provides a theoretical and experimental basis for maize production.
【Objective】The present paper was conducted to explore the effect of the mixture compound of thidiazuron and ethephon on dehydration effects,yield and quality of spring maize.【Method】The Xianyu 335 and Xinxin 2 were treated with thidiazuron and the mixture compound of thidiazuron and ethephon at dough stage,with water as control. 【Result】Compared to the control,the mixture compound of thidiazuron and ethephon decreased the kernel moisture content of maize at the mature stage of Xianyu 335 and Xinxin 2 by 6. 32 % and 5. 72 %respectively,reduced leaf antioxidant enzyme activity and accelerated the leaf aging. The maturation time of Xianyu 335 and Xinxin 2 advanced for 5 and 6 days,respectively. Mixture compound of thidiazuron and ethephon could significantly increase yield,and Xianyu 335 and Xinxin 2 achieved the yield of 12 899. 15 and 12 413. 77 kg/hm~2,13. 44 % and 10. 50 % higher than the control. Thidiazuron and ethephon had no effects on quality of maize. Correlation analysis showed that seed moisture content was closely related to yield,and the correlation coefficient reached-0. 87. 【Conclusion】The effects of accelerate dehydration rate of maize grain,reduce the kernel moisture content of maize at the mature stage and enhance the yield by mixture compound of thidiazuron and ethephon is remarkable. This research provides a theoretical and experimental basis for maize production.
引文
[1]吕佳佳,王秋京,闫平,等.基于气温资料的黑龙江省玉米播种期分析[J].中国农业气象,2014,35(1):68-73.
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[10]马文婷,王振平.脱落酸和乙烯利对‘蛇龙珠’葡萄果实品质及花色苷的影响[J].西北农业学报,2015,24(5):81-88.
[11]刘承德,曹导叶,陈继选,等.噻苯隆对夏玉米农艺性状和产量影响的试验初报[J].黑龙江农业科学,2007(4):58-59.
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[13]王国琴,尹枝瑞,王振宝,等.植物生长调节剂在春玉米上应用效果研究[J].玉米科学,1998,6(2):56-59.
[14]姜伟丽,马艳,马小艳,等.不同脱叶催熟剂在棉花上的应用效果[J].中国棉花,2013,40(10):11-14.
[15]刘晓双,顾万荣,朴琳,等.噻苯隆-乙烯利复配对春玉米籽粒灌浆特性的影响及其激素调控机理[J].生态学杂志,2017,36(12):3526-3534.
[16]王振华,张忠臣,常华章,等.黑龙江省38个玉米自交系生理成熟期及子粒自然脱水速率的分析[J].玉米科学,2001,9(2):53-55.
[17]王学奎.植物生理生化实验指导[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2005:167-172.
[18]谭福忠,韩翠波,邹双利,等.极早熟玉米品种子粒脱水特性的初步研究[J].中国农学通报,2008,24(7):161-168.
[19]韩玉军,陶波,刘金宇,等.DA型玉米脱水剂的脱水效果及其对玉米营养品质的影响[J].玉米科学,2012,20(2):95-98.
[20]史磊,王晓琳,肖万欣,等.化控剂对辽单145光合、农艺和产量性状的影响[J].玉米科学,2012,20(6):76-80.
[21]张林,张宝石,王霞,等.玉米收获期籽粒含水量与主要农艺性状相关分析[J].东北农业大学学报,2009,40(10):9-12.
[22]单长卷,杨天佑.谷光甘肽对盐胁迫下玉米幼苗抗氧化特性和光合性能的影响[J].西北农业学报,2017,26(2).
[23]高丽丽,李淦,康正华,等.脱叶剂对棉花抗氧化酶及内源激素的影响[J].农药学学报,2016,18(4):439-446.
[24]闫淑琴.玉米籽粒灌浆、脱水速率的配合力和相关分析[J].黑龙江农业科学,2007(4):1-4.
[25]叶德练,王玉斌,周琳,等.乙烯利和氮肥对夏玉米氮素吸收与利用及产量的调控效应[J].作物学报,2015,41(11):1701-1710.
[26]张立国,范骐骥,陈喜昌,等.玉米生理成熟后子粒脱水速率与主要农艺性状的相关分析[J].黑龙江农业科学,2012(3):1-2.
[27]官春云,谭太,陈社员,等.油菜化学催熟研究初报[J].作物研究,2008,22(3):154-156.
[28]潘建春,袁志福,葛林.麦田应用百草枯催枯催熟技术[J].植保技术与推广,2003(2):28-29.
[29]SNIPES C E,CATHE G W.Evaluation of defoliant mixtures in cotton[J].Field Crops Res,1992,28:327-334.
[30]CATHY G W.Physiology of defoliation in cotton production[J].Cotton Physiology,1986(1):143-154.
[31]徐新洲,聂新富,张学辉,等.北疆机采棉化学脱叶试验初探[J].新疆农机化,2001(2):26-27.
[2]李淑芳,张春宵,路明,等.玉米子粒自然脱水速率研究进展[J].分子植物育种,2014,12(4):825-829.
[3]刘思奇,钟雪梅,史振声.玉米果穗各部性状对籽粒含水量和脱水速率的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2016,44(8):130-132.
[4]边大红,张瑞栋,段留生,等.局部化控对夏玉米冠层结构、光合速率及产量的影响[J].华北农学报,2011,26(3):139-145.
[5]LAUER J.Guidelines for handling corn damaged by Frost Prior to grain maturity[J].Wisconsin Crop Manager,2004,11(23):148-149.
[6]李林峰.玉米成熟期籽粒含水量的变化及其化学调控[D].郑州:河南农业大学,2015.
[7]刘承德,成磊.新型植物生长调节剂噻苯隆机理作用及应用[J].新疆农垦科技,2012(2):63-64.
[8]肖文娜.化学催熟技术在油菜上的应用研究[D].安徽农业大学,2010.
[9]HE Y Q,CHENG J P,LIU L F,et al.Effects of pre-harvest chemical application on rice desiccation and seed quality[J].Zhejiang Univ-Sci B(Biomed&Biotechnol),2015,16(10):813-823.
[10]马文婷,王振平.脱落酸和乙烯利对‘蛇龙珠’葡萄果实品质及花色苷的影响[J].西北农业学报,2015,24(5):81-88.
[11]刘承德,曹导叶,陈继选,等.噻苯隆对夏玉米农艺性状和产量影响的试验初报[J].黑龙江农业科学,2007(4):58-59.
[12]陈文瑞,张武军.乙烯利对玉米生长和产量的影响[J].四川农业大学学报,2001,19(2).
[13]王国琴,尹枝瑞,王振宝,等.植物生长调节剂在春玉米上应用效果研究[J].玉米科学,1998,6(2):56-59.
[14]姜伟丽,马艳,马小艳,等.不同脱叶催熟剂在棉花上的应用效果[J].中国棉花,2013,40(10):11-14.
[15]刘晓双,顾万荣,朴琳,等.噻苯隆-乙烯利复配对春玉米籽粒灌浆特性的影响及其激素调控机理[J].生态学杂志,2017,36(12):3526-3534.
[16]王振华,张忠臣,常华章,等.黑龙江省38个玉米自交系生理成熟期及子粒自然脱水速率的分析[J].玉米科学,2001,9(2):53-55.
[17]王学奎.植物生理生化实验指导[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2005:167-172.
[18]谭福忠,韩翠波,邹双利,等.极早熟玉米品种子粒脱水特性的初步研究[J].中国农学通报,2008,24(7):161-168.
[19]韩玉军,陶波,刘金宇,等.DA型玉米脱水剂的脱水效果及其对玉米营养品质的影响[J].玉米科学,2012,20(2):95-98.
[20]史磊,王晓琳,肖万欣,等.化控剂对辽单145光合、农艺和产量性状的影响[J].玉米科学,2012,20(6):76-80.
[21]张林,张宝石,王霞,等.玉米收获期籽粒含水量与主要农艺性状相关分析[J].东北农业大学学报,2009,40(10):9-12.
[22]单长卷,杨天佑.谷光甘肽对盐胁迫下玉米幼苗抗氧化特性和光合性能的影响[J].西北农业学报,2017,26(2).
[23]高丽丽,李淦,康正华,等.脱叶剂对棉花抗氧化酶及内源激素的影响[J].农药学学报,2016,18(4):439-446.
[24]闫淑琴.玉米籽粒灌浆、脱水速率的配合力和相关分析[J].黑龙江农业科学,2007(4):1-4.
[25]叶德练,王玉斌,周琳,等.乙烯利和氮肥对夏玉米氮素吸收与利用及产量的调控效应[J].作物学报,2015,41(11):1701-1710.
[26]张立国,范骐骥,陈喜昌,等.玉米生理成熟后子粒脱水速率与主要农艺性状的相关分析[J].黑龙江农业科学,2012(3):1-2.
[27]官春云,谭太,陈社员,等.油菜化学催熟研究初报[J].作物研究,2008,22(3):154-156.
[28]潘建春,袁志福,葛林.麦田应用百草枯催枯催熟技术[J].植保技术与推广,2003(2):28-29.
[29]SNIPES C E,CATHE G W.Evaluation of defoliant mixtures in cotton[J].Field Crops Res,1992,28:327-334.
[30]CATHY G W.Physiology of defoliation in cotton production[J].Cotton Physiology,1986(1):143-154.
[31]徐新洲,聂新富,张学辉,等.北疆机采棉化学脱叶试验初探[J].新疆农机化,2001(2):26-27.