不同苹果砧穗组合对阿拉尔盐碱地的响应
|
摘要
为促进南疆特色苹果产业发展,通过对阿拉尔国家科技园区新引进的11个苹果砧穗组合的死亡情况、黄化情况、新稍生长情况、色素含量及生理指标等的调查研究,并判断最适应当地生长的品种。结果表明:新稍长度、粗度与叶绿素含量的多少没有密切的相关性,各品种之间的色素含量变化较小,也无明显的差异性。渗透调节物质的含量与其主要性均跟植物种类与环境相关,海棠/SH/华瑞组合的渗透调节物质以可溶性糖含量和游离脯氨酸含量为主。海棠/M26/华瑞组合的叶片中MDA含量、SOD活性、POD活性及CAT活性均较低;海棠/M26/红珍珠(华佳)组合的叶片中MDA含量较高,但SOD活性、POD活性及CAT活性较低;而海棠/SH/华瑞、T337自根砧/华瑞、T337自根砧/华硕叶片中的MDA含量和SOD活性均相对较高。综合上述指标及其田间生长情况、定植成活率和越冬死亡率对11个砧穗组合进行综合评价,初步得出T337自根砧/华硕在阿拉尔的适应性最好,其次为海棠/SH/华瑞和T337自根砧/华瑞。
In order to promote the development of characteristic apple industry in southern Xinjiang,we investigated the death,yellowing,new shoot growth,pigment content and physiological indexes of 11 apple rootstock combinations newly introduced in Alar National Science and Technology Park,and judge the most suitable variety for local growth.The results showed that there was no close correlation between the new shoot length,the diameter and the chlorophyll content,and the changes in the pigment content between the varieties were small and there was no significant difference.The content of osmotic adjustment substances and their main characteristics were related to plant species and environment.In the paper,the osmotic adjustment substances of Haitang/SH/Huarui mainly contain soluble sugar content and free proline content.MDA content,SOD activity,POD activity and CAT activity in Haitang/M26/Huarui leaves were lower; Haitang/M26/Red Pearl(Huajia) leaves had higher MDA content,but SOD activity,POD activity and CAT activity were lower; and the MDA content and SOD activity of Haitang/SH/Huarui,T337 self-rooted anvil/Huarui,T337 self-rooted anvil/Huashuo were relatively high.Based on the above indicators and their field growth,colonization survival rate and wintering mortality,a comprehensive evaluation of 11 rootstock combinations was carried out.It was concluded that T337 self-rooted anvil/Huashuo had the best adaptability in Alar,followed by Haitang/SH/Huarui and T337 self-rooted anvil/Huarui.
In order to promote the development of characteristic apple industry in southern Xinjiang,we investigated the death,yellowing,new shoot growth,pigment content and physiological indexes of 11 apple rootstock combinations newly introduced in Alar National Science and Technology Park,and judge the most suitable variety for local growth.The results showed that there was no close correlation between the new shoot length,the diameter and the chlorophyll content,and the changes in the pigment content between the varieties were small and there was no significant difference.The content of osmotic adjustment substances and their main characteristics were related to plant species and environment.In the paper,the osmotic adjustment substances of Haitang/SH/Huarui mainly contain soluble sugar content and free proline content.MDA content,SOD activity,POD activity and CAT activity in Haitang/M26/Huarui leaves were lower; Haitang/M26/Red Pearl(Huajia) leaves had higher MDA content,but SOD activity,POD activity and CAT activity were lower; and the MDA content and SOD activity of Haitang/SH/Huarui,T337 self-rooted anvil/Huarui,T337 self-rooted anvil/Huashuo were relatively high.Based on the above indicators and their field growth,colonization survival rate and wintering mortality,a comprehensive evaluation of 11 rootstock combinations was carried out.It was concluded that T337 self-rooted anvil/Huashuo had the best adaptability in Alar,followed by Haitang/SH/Huarui and T337 self-rooted anvil/Huarui.
引文
[1] 秦艳筠,黄唯子,杨静慧,等.盐碱地上西府海棠、北美海棠生长特性比较[J].天津农林科技,2015(6):1-3.
[2] 周和平,徐小波,王少丽,等.盐碱地改良技术综述与一种新的研究模式展望[J].中国科学基金,2012(3):157-162.
[3] 周和平,张立新,禹锋,等.我国盐碱地改良技术综述及展望[J].现代农业科技,2007(11):159-161,164.
[4] 万素梅,胡守林,果先民,等.干旱胁迫对塔里木盆地红枣光合特性及水分利用效率的影响阴[J].干旱地区农业研究,2012,30(3):171-175.
[5] 卢艳,王飞,韩明玉,等.NaCl胁迫对4种砧穗组合苹果的生长及光合特性的影响[J].西北农业学报,2011,20(8):106-110.
[6] 史宝胜,徐继忠,马宝,等.几种苹果矮化砧木枝条与叶片的解剖结构研究[J].河北林果研究,2000,15(4):334-338.
[7] 肖雯,贾恢先,蒲陆梅,等.几种盐生植物抗盐生理指标的研究[J].西北植物学报,2000,20(5):818-825.
[8] 王斌,巨波,赵慧娟,等.不同盐梯度处理下沼泽小叶桦的生理特征及叶片结构研究[J].林业科学,2011,47(10):29-36.
[9] 肖强,郑海需,陈瑶,等.盐度对互花米草生长及脯氨酸、可溶性糖和蛋白质含量的影响[J].生态学杂志,2005,24(4):373-376.
[10] 朱金方,陆兆华,夏江宝,等.盐旱交叉胁迫对怪柳幼苗渗透调节物质含量的影响[J].西北植物学报,2013,33(2):357-363.
[11] 公勤,齐曼·尤努斯,艾力江·麦麦提.盐胁迫对尖果沙枣离子分布及渗透调节的影响[J].经济林研究,2008,26(3):34-37.
[12] 武香,倪建伟,张华新,等.盐胁迫下不同盐生植物渗透调节的生理响应[J].东北林业大学学报,2012,40(8):29-33.
[13] 张金凤.盐胁迫下8个经济林树种苗木反应特性的研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2004.
[14] 杨升,张华新,刘涛.16个树种盐胁迫下的生长表现和生理特性[J].浙江农林大学学报,2012,29(5):744-754.
[15] 张志晓,王燕,江文,等.不同砧木绿宝苹果幼树对盐碱土的适应性[J].江苏农业科学,2017,45(23):153-156.
[16] 党艳青,焦灰敏,王新建.苹果不同矮化砧穗组合的成活率及生长调查[J].北方园艺,2018(13):39-46.
[2] 周和平,徐小波,王少丽,等.盐碱地改良技术综述与一种新的研究模式展望[J].中国科学基金,2012(3):157-162.
[3] 周和平,张立新,禹锋,等.我国盐碱地改良技术综述及展望[J].现代农业科技,2007(11):159-161,164.
[4] 万素梅,胡守林,果先民,等.干旱胁迫对塔里木盆地红枣光合特性及水分利用效率的影响阴[J].干旱地区农业研究,2012,30(3):171-175.
[5] 卢艳,王飞,韩明玉,等.NaCl胁迫对4种砧穗组合苹果的生长及光合特性的影响[J].西北农业学报,2011,20(8):106-110.
[6] 史宝胜,徐继忠,马宝,等.几种苹果矮化砧木枝条与叶片的解剖结构研究[J].河北林果研究,2000,15(4):334-338.
[7] 肖雯,贾恢先,蒲陆梅,等.几种盐生植物抗盐生理指标的研究[J].西北植物学报,2000,20(5):818-825.
[8] 王斌,巨波,赵慧娟,等.不同盐梯度处理下沼泽小叶桦的生理特征及叶片结构研究[J].林业科学,2011,47(10):29-36.
[9] 肖强,郑海需,陈瑶,等.盐度对互花米草生长及脯氨酸、可溶性糖和蛋白质含量的影响[J].生态学杂志,2005,24(4):373-376.
[10] 朱金方,陆兆华,夏江宝,等.盐旱交叉胁迫对怪柳幼苗渗透调节物质含量的影响[J].西北植物学报,2013,33(2):357-363.
[11] 公勤,齐曼·尤努斯,艾力江·麦麦提.盐胁迫对尖果沙枣离子分布及渗透调节的影响[J].经济林研究,2008,26(3):34-37.
[12] 武香,倪建伟,张华新,等.盐胁迫下不同盐生植物渗透调节的生理响应[J].东北林业大学学报,2012,40(8):29-33.
[13] 张金凤.盐胁迫下8个经济林树种苗木反应特性的研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2004.
[14] 杨升,张华新,刘涛.16个树种盐胁迫下的生长表现和生理特性[J].浙江农林大学学报,2012,29(5):744-754.
[15] 张志晓,王燕,江文,等.不同砧木绿宝苹果幼树对盐碱土的适应性[J].江苏农业科学,2017,45(23):153-156.
[16] 党艳青,焦灰敏,王新建.苹果不同矮化砧穗组合的成活率及生长调查[J].北方园艺,2018(13):39-46.