中国特色社会主义市场经济:有为政府+有效市场
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摘要
本文开宗明义提出,中国特色社会主义市场经济是有为政府与有效市场相结合的经济。本文不仅从理论层面分析了斯密和凯恩斯理论的不足,即随着经济发展和时代进步,资源配置既要考虑"资源稀缺",也要考虑"资源生成",而且从实践层面进行了深入分析,即政府在"资源生成"领域大有作为。本文将城市资源分为"可经营性资源"、"非经营性资源"和"准经营性资源"。其中,从经济学意义上把"准经营性资源"作为新的"资源生成",深圳政府通过"政府推动、企业参与、市场运作"方式,解决其投资载体和资金运营问题,成为"有为政府"与"有效市场"相结合促进区域经济可持续增长的示范。深圳政府按市场规律办事,在市场运行中担当城市经济的主要参与者、产业政策的主要实施者和民生福祉的主要提供者,也成为中国特色社会主义市场经济的一个绝佳样本。现代市场机制着眼点不仅仅在产业经济的提升发展上,而且在城市经济的资源配置、区域竞争力和可持续发展上,它将引领着中国和世界经济实践的发展和经济学理论的提升。
The relation between government and market is known as the Goldbach conjecture in economics. As this article indicates, Smith's third work expounded on national government behavior and probed into the roles and functions government should play. Keynes explained in his work why a series of measures were proposed for government to intervene in effective demand, rather than why national government could, in the capacity of participant or major entity, propel investment and infrastructure construction.This article demonstrates a gap in the resource generation literature that waits to be filled by modern mainstream economic theory. Successful practices in China, especially in Shenzhen, have proved that government can play a significant role as a competitive entity in the field of resource generation. Government competition can be classified in the narrow and broad senses, the efficient market can be divided into three tiers, effective government can be represented by three levels of performance, and nine modes for combining an effective government with an efficient market can be identified.This article breaks free of the limitations of the mainstream Western economic system and the configuration of market theories. First, in market economic theory terms, it proposes that a mature economy is one that integrates an effective government and an efficient market. It holds that many of the issues and practical problems in the economic development of the world are indications of defects in traditional market theory and holes in modern market theory, rather than problems with the market proper. Second, it proposes the concept of "mezzoeconomics" in the economic theoretical system, which is supposed to play an active and innovative role in remedying the defects in the orthodox economic system. It helps to fill in the gaps in the present-day economic system by establishing the mezzoeconomic system, with a regional or urban economy serving as its carrier and a regional government serving as a competition entity and playing a competitive role in the allocation of newly generated resources. Third, it puts forth theories of new economic engines for world economic growth based on analyses of that growth and holds that government should try its best to establish new engines for investment, innovation, and new governance, with a focus on infrastructure development and construction. This article substantiates the government-market relation through practical analyses, which it bases on explorations of the reform and opening up, economic development, and operative modes in China, particularly in Shenzhen, while also using development experience and research findings on world economic practice. By defining three categories of resources and the attributes of resource allocation in different phases of regional development in Shenzhen, it reveals the duality of the economic attributes of government, the duality of market competition entities, and the necessity of integrating an effective government and an efficient market for a mature market economy. It emphasizes that a successful government requires foresighted leading and that government needs both competition in innovation and innovation in competition. China's reform and opening up and innovative development provide fertile soil for such economic generalization and theoretical sublimation. This article's theoretical findings and empirical analyses of China's economic growth can be incorporated into world economic theory and made a part of China's contribution to world economics. They are deeply rooted in the author's 10 years of research in institutions of higher learning, both Chinese and overseas; over 10 years of immersion in the financial sector; and over 10 years of work experience in regional government administration. In this article, the author thinks outside of the box by breaking away from Smith's theoretical framework and proposing mechanisms that differ from those of Keynes' s government intervention. The findings should eventually serve world economic growth.
The relation between government and market is known as the Goldbach conjecture in economics. As this article indicates, Smith's third work expounded on national government behavior and probed into the roles and functions government should play. Keynes explained in his work why a series of measures were proposed for government to intervene in effective demand, rather than why national government could, in the capacity of participant or major entity, propel investment and infrastructure construction.This article demonstrates a gap in the resource generation literature that waits to be filled by modern mainstream economic theory. Successful practices in China, especially in Shenzhen, have proved that government can play a significant role as a competitive entity in the field of resource generation. Government competition can be classified in the narrow and broad senses, the efficient market can be divided into three tiers, effective government can be represented by three levels of performance, and nine modes for combining an effective government with an efficient market can be identified.This article breaks free of the limitations of the mainstream Western economic system and the configuration of market theories. First, in market economic theory terms, it proposes that a mature economy is one that integrates an effective government and an efficient market. It holds that many of the issues and practical problems in the economic development of the world are indications of defects in traditional market theory and holes in modern market theory, rather than problems with the market proper. Second, it proposes the concept of "mezzoeconomics" in the economic theoretical system, which is supposed to play an active and innovative role in remedying the defects in the orthodox economic system. It helps to fill in the gaps in the present-day economic system by establishing the mezzoeconomic system, with a regional or urban economy serving as its carrier and a regional government serving as a competition entity and playing a competitive role in the allocation of newly generated resources. Third, it puts forth theories of new economic engines for world economic growth based on analyses of that growth and holds that government should try its best to establish new engines for investment, innovation, and new governance, with a focus on infrastructure development and construction. This article substantiates the government-market relation through practical analyses, which it bases on explorations of the reform and opening up, economic development, and operative modes in China, particularly in Shenzhen, while also using development experience and research findings on world economic practice. By defining three categories of resources and the attributes of resource allocation in different phases of regional development in Shenzhen, it reveals the duality of the economic attributes of government, the duality of market competition entities, and the necessity of integrating an effective government and an efficient market for a mature market economy. It emphasizes that a successful government requires foresighted leading and that government needs both competition in innovation and innovation in competition. China's reform and opening up and innovative development provide fertile soil for such economic generalization and theoretical sublimation. This article's theoretical findings and empirical analyses of China's economic growth can be incorporated into world economic theory and made a part of China's contribution to world economics. They are deeply rooted in the author's 10 years of research in institutions of higher learning, both Chinese and overseas; over 10 years of immersion in the financial sector; and over 10 years of work experience in regional government administration. In this article, the author thinks outside of the box by breaking away from Smith's theoretical framework and proposing mechanisms that differ from those of Keynes' s government intervention. The findings should eventually serve world economic growth.
引文
陈云贤,2011:《超前引领》,北京大学出版社。
陈云贤、顾文静,2015:《中观经济学》,北京大学出版社。
陈云贤、顾文静,2017:《区域政府竞争》,北京大学出版社。
崔丽、李想,2018:《拥抱新时代,深圳再出发》,《中国青年报》5月21日。
凯恩斯,2008:《就业、利息和货币通论》,中译本,北京出版社。
佩佩·埃斯科巴尔,2016:《珠三角腾飞成“中国梦”缩影》,《参考消息》7月1日。
萨缪尔森,1979:《经济学》上册,中译本,商务印书馆。
斯坦利·L·布鲁、兰迪·R·格兰特,2008:《经济思想史》第五章,中译本,北京大学出版社。
田俊荣、刘泰山、白之羽、陈凌、叶子、熊捷,2018:《鹏城展翅再高飞》,《人民日报》5月21日。
王苇航,2014:《国外如何反垄断》,《中国财经报》8月28日。
亚当·斯密,1972:《国富论》,中译本,商务印书馆。
亚当·斯密,2008:《道德情操论》,中译本,中央编译出版社。
钟坚,2008:《深圳经济特区改革开放的历史进程与经验启示》,《深圳大学学报》(人文社会科学版)第4期。
邹媛,2018:《深圳2017年固定资产投资首次突破5000亿元》,《深圳特区报》3月25日。
Fama, E. F., 1970, “Efficient Capital Market: A Review of Theory and Empirical Work”,Joumal of Finance, 25(2),383—417.
陈云贤、顾文静,2015:《中观经济学》,北京大学出版社。
陈云贤、顾文静,2017:《区域政府竞争》,北京大学出版社。
崔丽、李想,2018:《拥抱新时代,深圳再出发》,《中国青年报》5月21日。
凯恩斯,2008:《就业、利息和货币通论》,中译本,北京出版社。
佩佩·埃斯科巴尔,2016:《珠三角腾飞成“中国梦”缩影》,《参考消息》7月1日。
萨缪尔森,1979:《经济学》上册,中译本,商务印书馆。
斯坦利·L·布鲁、兰迪·R·格兰特,2008:《经济思想史》第五章,中译本,北京大学出版社。
田俊荣、刘泰山、白之羽、陈凌、叶子、熊捷,2018:《鹏城展翅再高飞》,《人民日报》5月21日。
王苇航,2014:《国外如何反垄断》,《中国财经报》8月28日。
亚当·斯密,1972:《国富论》,中译本,商务印书馆。
亚当·斯密,2008:《道德情操论》,中译本,中央编译出版社。
钟坚,2008:《深圳经济特区改革开放的历史进程与经验启示》,《深圳大学学报》(人文社会科学版)第4期。
邹媛,2018:《深圳2017年固定资产投资首次突破5000亿元》,《深圳特区报》3月25日。
Fama, E. F., 1970, “Efficient Capital Market: A Review of Theory and Empirical Work”,Joumal of Finance, 25(2),383—417.