立方星电源系统最大功率点跟踪优化控制方法
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摘要
针对立方星在能量来源严重受限条件下如何提高太阳能利用率的难题,提出一种适用于立方星的集中供电式空间微电源架构(EPS),并设计基于改进粒子群优化算法的最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)控制策略来提升能量转换效率。首先,推导太阳电池阵列的数学模型,并根据太阳电池阵列的工作特性,提出电源系统最大功率点跟踪控制的物理系统实现结构。其次,设计基于改进粒子群优化(PSO)的最大功率点跟踪控制算法,并进行了数学仿真校验。最后,对所设计的电源系统架构进行了硬件实现和试验验证。地面试验结果表明,电源系统的太阳能最大转换效率可达95. 5%。该电源系统成功应用于世界首颗12U立方星"翱翔之星"的飞行试验,在轨数据表明电源系统工作状态良好,为微纳卫星电源系统的设计提供了有益参考。
To solve the problem of how to improve the solar energy utilization efficiency under the severe condition of energy source limitation for Cube Sats,one micro space electrical power system( EPS) with a centralized power supply architecture is proposed in this paper,along with the design of a maximum power point tracking( MPPT) control strategy based on the improved particle swarm optimization( PSO) algorithm to improve the energy conversion efficiency. Firstly,the mathematical model of the solar array is derived,and according to the performance characteristic of the solar array,the physical implementation structure of MPPT control of the EPS is presented. Secondly,the MPPT control algorithm based on the improved PSO is designed and verified by mathematical simulation. Finally, the hardware implementation and experimental verification are carried out for the designed EPS. The results of the ground experiments show that the maximum conversion efficiency of the solar power reaches 95. 5%. The EPS has been successfully applied in the spaceflight of the world's first 12 U Cube Sat,Aoxiang-Sat. The on-orbit data indicates that the power system is in good working condition during the flight experiments,which provides a beneficial reference for the design of micro/nano satellite power systems.
To solve the problem of how to improve the solar energy utilization efficiency under the severe condition of energy source limitation for Cube Sats,one micro space electrical power system( EPS) with a centralized power supply architecture is proposed in this paper,along with the design of a maximum power point tracking( MPPT) control strategy based on the improved particle swarm optimization( PSO) algorithm to improve the energy conversion efficiency. Firstly,the mathematical model of the solar array is derived,and according to the performance characteristic of the solar array,the physical implementation structure of MPPT control of the EPS is presented. Secondly,the MPPT control algorithm based on the improved PSO is designed and verified by mathematical simulation. Finally, the hardware implementation and experimental verification are carried out for the designed EPS. The results of the ground experiments show that the maximum conversion efficiency of the solar power reaches 95. 5%. The EPS has been successfully applied in the spaceflight of the world's first 12 U Cube Sat,Aoxiang-Sat. The on-orbit data indicates that the power system is in good working condition during the flight experiments,which provides a beneficial reference for the design of micro/nano satellite power systems.
引文
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[8]Bester J,Groenewald B,Wilkinson R.Electrical power system for a 3U Cubesat nanosatellite incorporating peak power tracking with dual redundant control[J].Przegld Elektrotechniczny,2012,88(4a):300-304.
[9]Zakzouk N E,Elsaharty M A,Abdelsalam A K,et al.Improved performance low-cost incremental conductance PV MPPTtechnique[J].IET Renewable Power Generation,2016,10(4):561-574.
[10]Dahbi S,Aziz A,Zouggar S,et al.Design and sizing of electrical power source for a nanosatellite using photovoltaic cells[C].The 4th International Renewable and Sustainable Energy Conference,Marrakech,Morocco,November 14-17,2016.
[11]Abdelwahab H,Nawari M,Abdalla H.Maximizing solar energy input for Cubesat using sun tracking system and a maximum power point tracking[C].International Conference on Communication,Control,Computing and Electronics Engineering,Khartoum,Sudan,January 16-18,2017.
[12]傅望,周林,郭珂,等.光伏电池工程用数学模型研究[J].电工技术学报,2011,26(10):211-216.[Fu Wang,Zhou Lin,Guo Ke,et al.Research on engineering analytical model of solar cells[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2011,26(10):211-216.]
[13]朱洪雨.航天器电源系统能量压缩及功率拓展方法研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2015.[Zhu Hong-yu.Energy compression and power extension methods for spacecraft power system[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2015.]
[14]吴海涛,孙以泽,孟婥.粒子群优化模糊控制器在光伏发电系统最大功率跟踪中的应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(6):52-57.[Wu Hai-tao,Sun Yi-ze,Meng Chuo.Application of fuzzy controller with particle swarm optimization algorithm to maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic generation system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(6):52-57.]
[15]Ramdan B A K,Ahmed F Z,Adel E S.A novel MPPT algorithm based on particle swarm optimization for photovoltaic systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy,2017,8(2):468-476.
[2]Shiroma W A,Martin L K,Akagi J M,et al.CubeSats:a bright future for nanosatellites[J].Central European Journal of Engineering,2011,1(1):9-15.
[3]Patel M R.航天器电源系统[M].韩波,陈琦,崔晓婷,译.北京:宇航出版社,2010.
[4]李国欣.航天器电源系统技术概论[M].北京:宇航出版社,2008.
[5]Shailesh N,Subhashish B.Flexible electrical power system controller design and battery integration for 1U to 12U CubeSats[C].IEEE Energy Conversion Congress&Exposition,Phoenix,USA,September 17-21,2011.
[6]Sivapalanirajan M,Kamala J,Umamaheswari B.Power system design and parameter monitoring for 2U CubeSat[C].International Conference on Science Engineering and Management Research,Chennai,India,November 27-29,2014.
[7]Pajusalu M,Ilbis E,Ilves T,et al.Design and pre-flight testing of the electrical power system for the ESTCube-1 nanosatellite[J].Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences,2014,63(2S):232-241.
[8]Bester J,Groenewald B,Wilkinson R.Electrical power system for a 3U Cubesat nanosatellite incorporating peak power tracking with dual redundant control[J].Przegld Elektrotechniczny,2012,88(4a):300-304.
[9]Zakzouk N E,Elsaharty M A,Abdelsalam A K,et al.Improved performance low-cost incremental conductance PV MPPTtechnique[J].IET Renewable Power Generation,2016,10(4):561-574.
[10]Dahbi S,Aziz A,Zouggar S,et al.Design and sizing of electrical power source for a nanosatellite using photovoltaic cells[C].The 4th International Renewable and Sustainable Energy Conference,Marrakech,Morocco,November 14-17,2016.
[11]Abdelwahab H,Nawari M,Abdalla H.Maximizing solar energy input for Cubesat using sun tracking system and a maximum power point tracking[C].International Conference on Communication,Control,Computing and Electronics Engineering,Khartoum,Sudan,January 16-18,2017.
[12]傅望,周林,郭珂,等.光伏电池工程用数学模型研究[J].电工技术学报,2011,26(10):211-216.[Fu Wang,Zhou Lin,Guo Ke,et al.Research on engineering analytical model of solar cells[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2011,26(10):211-216.]
[13]朱洪雨.航天器电源系统能量压缩及功率拓展方法研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2015.[Zhu Hong-yu.Energy compression and power extension methods for spacecraft power system[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2015.]
[14]吴海涛,孙以泽,孟婥.粒子群优化模糊控制器在光伏发电系统最大功率跟踪中的应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(6):52-57.[Wu Hai-tao,Sun Yi-ze,Meng Chuo.Application of fuzzy controller with particle swarm optimization algorithm to maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic generation system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(6):52-57.]
[15]Ramdan B A K,Ahmed F Z,Adel E S.A novel MPPT algorithm based on particle swarm optimization for photovoltaic systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy,2017,8(2):468-476.