基于SWAN模型的风生波河道防浪林消浪模拟
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摘要
选取嫩江干流佰大街堤防为研究区,综合分析其河道地形与岸线条件,应用地表水模拟系统(surface water modeling system, SMS)差分生成局部加密的非结构三角形计算网格。在此基础上,基于第三代浅水波浪模型(simulating wave nearshore, SWAN)模拟防浪林对河道风生波的影响。结果表明:在发生50年一遇洪水时,模型模拟波高与实测波高的相关系数达到0.95,模拟结果较好;嫩江干流佰大街堤防现状防浪林的消浪效果显著,消浪系数达到30.51%;基于非结构三角网格的SWAN模型能较好地模拟以风生波为主的复杂地形河道内的波浪场。
Taking the Baidajie embankment in the mainstream of Nenjiang River as the typical area, the locally encrypted and unstructured triangular calculating grid was generated by the surface water modeling system(SMS) based on the complex river topography and coastline conditions. Then, the third generation of shallow water wave model(simulating wave nearshore, SWAN) was adopted to simulate the effect of wave attenuation forest on the wind-generated waves in river. The results show that the correlation coefficient between the simulated wave height and the measured wave height is 0.95. The coefficient of wave dissipation is 30.51% under the condition of a flood once in fifty years. It means that the simulating results are reasonable and the anti-wave effect is significant. Meanwhile, the SWAN model based on the unstructured triangular mesh can effectively simulate the wind-generated wave field in the river of complex topography.
Taking the Baidajie embankment in the mainstream of Nenjiang River as the typical area, the locally encrypted and unstructured triangular calculating grid was generated by the surface water modeling system(SMS) based on the complex river topography and coastline conditions. Then, the third generation of shallow water wave model(simulating wave nearshore, SWAN) was adopted to simulate the effect of wave attenuation forest on the wind-generated waves in river. The results show that the correlation coefficient between the simulated wave height and the measured wave height is 0.95. The coefficient of wave dissipation is 30.51% under the condition of a flood once in fifty years. It means that the simulating results are reasonable and the anti-wave effect is significant. Meanwhile, the SWAN model based on the unstructured triangular mesh can effectively simulate the wind-generated wave field in the river of complex topography.
引文
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[21] 黑龙江省水利水电勘测设计研究院.黑龙江省嫩江干流治理工程初步设计报告[R].哈尔滨:黑龙江省水利水电勘测设计研究院,2015.
[ 2 ] 王忖,赵振兴.河岸植被对水流影响的研究现状[J].水资源保护,2003,19(6):50-53.(WANG Cun,ZHANG Zhenxing.Study on the effect of riverbank vegetation on water flow[J].Water Resources Protection,2003,19(6):50-53.(in Chinese))
[ 3 ] 拾兵.植物治沙力学机理及河宽动力调整研究[D].成都:四川大学,1998.
[ 4 ] 徐伟,董增川,付晓花,等.基于BP人工神经网络的河流生态健康预警[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2015,43(1):54-59.(XU Wei,DONG Zengchuan,FU Xiaohua,et al.Early warning of river ecosystem health based on BP artificial neural networks[J].Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences),2015,43(1):54-59.(in Chinese))
[ 5 ] CAMFIELD F E.Wind-wave propagation over flooded,vegetated land[R].Amsterdam:DTIC Document,1977.
[ 6 ] DALRYMPLE R A,KIRBY J T,HWANG P A.Wave diffraction due to areas of energy dissipation[J].Journal of Waterway,Port,Coastal,and Ocean Engineering,1984,110(1):67-79.
[ 7 ] MENDEZ F J,LOSADA I J.An empirical model to estimate the propagation of random breaking and nonbreaking waves over vegetation fields[J].Coastal Engineering,2004,51(2):103-118.
[ 8 ] YANG Jun,SHAER C A,HEATH L S.The SWAN User’s Manual,Version 1.1[M].Blacksburg:Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University,1995.
[ 9 ] 苏志重,张伟,陈德花,等.SWAN浅水波浪模式在福建沿海的应用[J].福建气象,2016(1):7-12.(SU Zhizhong,ZHANG Wei,CHEN Dehua,et al.Application of SWAN model in Fujian coastal region[J].Journal of Fujian Meteorology,2016(1):7-12.(in Chinese))
[10] 曹海锦,冯卫兵.人工柔性植被场中波浪衰减特性研究[J].海洋工程,2014,32(3):36-44.(CAO Haijin,FENG Weibing.Study on the characteristic of wave dissipation by artificial flexible vegetation field[J].The Ocean Engineering,2014,32(3):36-44.(in Chinese))
[11] 曹海锦,冯卫兵,厉佳卉.基于SWAN-VEG的植被消浪护岸模拟研究[J].科学技术与工程,2013,13(9):2430-2436.(CAO Haijin,FENG Weibing,LI Jiahui.Research on the modeling of the wave attenuation due to vegetation based on SWAN-VEG[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2013,13(9):2430-2436.(in Chinese))
[12] 张振全.洞庭湖区洪水模拟模型应用研究[D].武汉:武汉大学,2005.
[13] 王静爱,王珏,叶涛.中国城市水灾危险性与可持续发展[J].北京师范大学学报(社会科学版),2004(3):138-143.(WANG Jingai,WANG Jue,YE Tao.Hazard assessment of urban flood disaster and sustainable development [J].Journal of Beijing Normal University (Social Science Edition),2004(3):138-143.(in Chinese))
[14] 李晶洁,郭彦秋,张韬鹏.浅析松干堤防两林建设在防洪中的作用[J].黑龙江大学工程学报,2002,29(1):77-78.(LI Jingjie,GUO Yanqiu,ZHANG Taopeng.Brief analysis on flood control forests in Songgan Dike[J].Journal of Heilongjiang Hydraulic Engineering College,2002,29(1):77-78.(in Chinese))
[15] 任杰,董增川,徐伟,等.基于多目标模型的防浪林优化布局设计[J].林业科技,2017,42(5):38-42.(REN Jie,DONG Zengchuan,XU Wei,et al.Optimized layout design of anti-wave forest based on multiple targets [J].Forestry Science & Technology,2017,42(5):38-42.(in Chinese))
[16] 王建婷,董增川,徐伟,等.嫩江干流防浪林消浪影响因素分析[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2018,46(1):30-36.WANG Jianting,DONG Zengchuan,XU Wei,et al.Influencing factors analysis of wave dissipation of the wavebreak forest in mainstream of Nenjiang River[J].Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences),2018,46(1):30-36.(in Chinese))
[17] 韩亮.二维潮流波浪数学模型及工程应用[D].天津:天津大学,2010.
[18] 黄卡.SMS模型在长洲水利枢纽下游水流模拟中的应用研究[J].红水河,2010,29(3):24-28.(HUANG Ka.Application of surface water model system to simulation of the river downstream Changzhou Hydraulic Complex[J].Hongshui River,2010,29(3):24-28.(in Chinese))
[19] 梁永亮.马踏湖水流水质数学模型及其应用研究[D].青岛:青岛理工大学,2013.
[20] 徐福敏,苗琪,姜静.Mackenzie三角洲风暴相关的海岸水动力现象[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2018,46(2):177-182.(XU Fumin,MIAO Qi,JIANG Jing.Coastal hydrodynamic phenomena generated by the storm in waters off Mackenzie Delta[J].Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences),2018,46(2):177-182.(in Chinese))
[21] 黑龙江省水利水电勘测设计研究院.黑龙江省嫩江干流治理工程初步设计报告[R].哈尔滨:黑龙江省水利水电勘测设计研究院,2015.
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