2013—2017年北京市西城区托幼园所传染病发病状况分析
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摘要
目的了解西城区托幼园所儿童传染病发病状况和流行趋势,制定有效防控措施。方法对2013—2017年西城区托幼园所上报的儿童传染病年报资料进行分析。结果 2013—2017年北京市西城区托幼园所上报传染病累计1 529例,年均发病率为1.85%,总体呈逐渐下降趋势;手足口病除2014年发病率较高外,呈逐年下降趋势,水痘下降趋势不明显,而猩红热呈上升趋势;同一年度,2～3岁组儿童发病率较高,各年龄组年均发病率随着年龄的增加呈下降趋势。结论西城区托幼园所儿童传染病发病呈总体下降趋势,2～3岁儿童是传染病防控的重点人群,手足口病和猩红热是重点防控的疾病。
Objective To understand the incidence and epidemic trend of infectious diseases among children in kindergartens in Xicheng District,Beijing,so as to formulate effective prevention and control measures.Methods The data of annual reports of infectious diseases were collected and analyzed longitudinally in kindergartens of Xicheng District from2013 to 2017.Results A total of 1 529 cases of infectious diseases were reported in kindergartens in Xicheng District,Beijing from 2013 to 2017,with an average annual incidence of 1.85%.The incidence of infectious diseases showed a gradually downward trend.The incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD) showed a downward trend year by year except the high incidence in 2014.The downward trend of incidence of chickenpox was not obvious,but the incidence of scarlet fever presented an upward trend.In the same year,the incidence of infectious diseases among children aged 2-3 years was higher,and the annual average incidence of children presented a downward trend with the increase of the age among all the age groups.Conclusion The incidence of infectious diseases among children in kindergartens in Xicheng District shows a general downward trend.The children aged 2-3 years are the key population for the prevention and control of infectious diseases,and HFMD and scarlet fever are the key diseases for prevention and control.
Objective To understand the incidence and epidemic trend of infectious diseases among children in kindergartens in Xicheng District,Beijing,so as to formulate effective prevention and control measures.Methods The data of annual reports of infectious diseases were collected and analyzed longitudinally in kindergartens of Xicheng District from2013 to 2017.Results A total of 1 529 cases of infectious diseases were reported in kindergartens in Xicheng District,Beijing from 2013 to 2017,with an average annual incidence of 1.85%.The incidence of infectious diseases showed a gradually downward trend.The incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD) showed a downward trend year by year except the high incidence in 2014.The downward trend of incidence of chickenpox was not obvious,but the incidence of scarlet fever presented an upward trend.In the same year,the incidence of infectious diseases among children aged 2-3 years was higher,and the annual average incidence of children presented a downward trend with the increase of the age among all the age groups.Conclusion The incidence of infectious diseases among children in kindergartens in Xicheng District shows a general downward trend.The children aged 2-3 years are the key population for the prevention and control of infectious diseases,and HFMD and scarlet fever are the key diseases for prevention and control.
引文
[1]何辉,陈雪辉,孟杰,等.2011-2015年北京市托幼园所儿童传染病发病情况分析[J].中国妇幼保健,2016,31(24):5395-5397.
[2]吴双胜,马春娜,彭晓旻,等.北京市2006-2015年猩红热发病特征分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2017,38(4):514-517.
[3]徐娜妮,王帮马,陈章霞,等.杭州西湖区2005-2011年学校幼托机构呼吸道传染病疫情分析[J].中国学校卫生,2013,34(2):184-187.
[4]孟杰,张丽晋,何辉,等.北京市托幼儿童常见传染病八年变化分析[J].中国妇幼健康研究,2016,27(11):1306-1308.
[5]刘莹莹,于秋丽,苏通,等.2011-2015年河北省手足口病流行特征及病原特征分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2017,21(2):151-155.
[6]王瑞平,孔园园,姜永根,等.上海市松江区2008-2015年手足口病疫情及流行趋势预测[J].中国预防医学杂志,2017,18(7):485-489.
[7]李颖,庄建林,汤泓,等.2011年上海市长宁区学校和托幼机构传染病疫情特征分析[J].中国初级卫生保健,2012,26(5):86-87.
[8]张翀,丁洋,窦晓光.儿童常见传染病的流行特征及管理[J].中国病毒病杂志,2018,8(4):265-267.
[9]于晓楠,忻丽菁,杨吉星,等.2010-2016年上海市虹口区手足口流行病学及病原学特征分析[J].中国预防医学杂志,2018,19(1):58-63.
[10]李娜,李美娜,卢欣荣,等.吉林省2016年15岁以下儿童法定传染病疫情监测分析[J].实用预防医学,2018,25(8):999-1001.
[11]王蔚茹,王川,耿兴义,等.2005-2014年济南市托幼儿童传染病流行病学特点和趋势[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2016,24(1):105-107.
[2]吴双胜,马春娜,彭晓旻,等.北京市2006-2015年猩红热发病特征分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2017,38(4):514-517.
[3]徐娜妮,王帮马,陈章霞,等.杭州西湖区2005-2011年学校幼托机构呼吸道传染病疫情分析[J].中国学校卫生,2013,34(2):184-187.
[4]孟杰,张丽晋,何辉,等.北京市托幼儿童常见传染病八年变化分析[J].中国妇幼健康研究,2016,27(11):1306-1308.
[5]刘莹莹,于秋丽,苏通,等.2011-2015年河北省手足口病流行特征及病原特征分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2017,21(2):151-155.
[6]王瑞平,孔园园,姜永根,等.上海市松江区2008-2015年手足口病疫情及流行趋势预测[J].中国预防医学杂志,2017,18(7):485-489.
[7]李颖,庄建林,汤泓,等.2011年上海市长宁区学校和托幼机构传染病疫情特征分析[J].中国初级卫生保健,2012,26(5):86-87.
[8]张翀,丁洋,窦晓光.儿童常见传染病的流行特征及管理[J].中国病毒病杂志,2018,8(4):265-267.
[9]于晓楠,忻丽菁,杨吉星,等.2010-2016年上海市虹口区手足口流行病学及病原学特征分析[J].中国预防医学杂志,2018,19(1):58-63.
[10]李娜,李美娜,卢欣荣,等.吉林省2016年15岁以下儿童法定传染病疫情监测分析[J].实用预防医学,2018,25(8):999-1001.
[11]王蔚茹,王川,耿兴义,等.2005-2014年济南市托幼儿童传染病流行病学特点和趋势[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2016,24(1):105-107.