河北省太行山前乡村景观分类与制图研究——以邯郸市三陵乡三村为例
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摘要
通过乡村景观特征评价进行乡村规划、景观提升是解决当前乡村景观建设问题的重要途径,景观分类是景观特征评价与规划的基础工作。本研究以河北省邯郸西部太行山丘陵至平原过渡区3个典型村落为代表进行研究,通过实地调研获取各景观类的自然属性和社会属性信息,运用ArcGIS空间分析功能生成景观亚类并与高程、坡度指标叠加生成景观单元。最终获得3级乡村景观类型,分别为景观类9类,景观亚类29类,景观单元50类。通过ArcGIS生成直观的多等级景观分类图,不仅体现乡村景观组成,还揭示出景观间隶属关系,为相似区域乡村景观分类与制图提供借鉴案例。
Rural planning and landscape improvement through rural landscape feature evaluation are important approaches to solve the current rural landscape construction problems. Landscape classification is the basic work of landscape feature evaluation and planning.In this study, three typical villages in the transitional area from the Taihang Mountain to the plain in the western part of Yunnan Province were studied. Through field research, the natural and social attributes of various landscapes were obtained. The ArcGIS spatial analysis function was used to generate subcategories of landscapes and superimposed with elevation and slope indicators to generate landscape elements. In the end, we got 3 grades of rural landscape types, which were 9 landscape types, 29 landscape subcategories and 50 landscape units. Through ArcGIS, an intuitive multi-level landscape classification map was generated, which not only reflected the rural landscape composition, but also revealed the relationship between landscapes. It provided reference cases for classification and mapping of rural landscapes in similar regions.
Rural planning and landscape improvement through rural landscape feature evaluation are important approaches to solve the current rural landscape construction problems. Landscape classification is the basic work of landscape feature evaluation and planning.In this study, three typical villages in the transitional area from the Taihang Mountain to the plain in the western part of Yunnan Province were studied. Through field research, the natural and social attributes of various landscapes were obtained. The ArcGIS spatial analysis function was used to generate subcategories of landscapes and superimposed with elevation and slope indicators to generate landscape elements. In the end, we got 3 grades of rural landscape types, which were 9 landscape types, 29 landscape subcategories and 50 landscape units. Through ArcGIS, an intuitive multi-level landscape classification map was generated, which not only reflected the rural landscape composition, but also revealed the relationship between landscapes. It provided reference cases for classification and mapping of rural landscapes in similar regions.
引文
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[23]张茜,村镇景观特征与质量评价方法及应用研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2016.
[24]樊雷,郝仕龙.黄土丘陵区人地关系演变与土地利用决策研究——以宁夏固原市上黄试区为例[J].地域研究与开发,2017,36(2):122-127.
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[28]潘利军.传承邯郸县的历史与文化[M].北京:中国文史出版社,2014:1-4.
[2]宇振荣,张茜,肖禾,等.我国农业/农村生态景观管护对策探讨[J].中国生态农业学报,2012,20(7):813-818.
[3]宇振荣,李波.生态景观建设理论和技术[M].北京:中国环境出版社, 2017:15-30.
[4]谢花林,刘黎明.乡村景观评价研究进展及其指标体系初探[J].生态学杂志,2003(6):97-101.
[5]王云才,刘滨谊.论中国乡村景观及乡村景观规划[J].中国园林,2003(1):56-59.
[6]ANDERSON J R, HARDY E E,ROACH J T. Land use and land cover classification system for use with remote sensor data[M]. Wangshington:United States Government Printing Office,1976.
[7]BASTIAN O. Landscape classification in Saxony(Germany)—a tool for holistic regional planning[J]. Landscape and urban planning,2000,50:145-155.
[8]MUCHER C A, KLIJN J A, WASCHER D M, et al. A new European landscape classification(LANMAP):A transparent,flexible and user-oriented methodology to distinguish landscapes[J]. Ecological indicators, 2010, 10(1):87-103.
[9]POCAS I,CUNHA M, MARCAL A R S, et al. An evaluation of changes in a mountainous rural landscape of Northeast Portugal using remotely sensed data[J].Landscape and urban planning,2011,101:253-261.
[10]BROWN G, BRABYN L. An analysis of the relationships between multiple values and physical landscapes at a regional scale using public participation GIS and landscape character classification[J]. Landscape and urban planning, 2012,107:317-331.
[11]GOSLEE S, SANDERSON M A, SPAETH K, et al. An ecologically based landscape classification system for monitoring and assessment of pastures[J]. Soil and water conservation,2014,69(1):16-21.
[12]ATIK M, ISIKLI R C, ORTACESME V, et al. Exploring a combination of objective and subjective assessment in landscape classification:Side case from Turkey[J]. Applied geography,2017, 83:130-140.
[13]张慧芝,彭茹燕,黄青,等.中国西部干旱区生态景观制图的若干问题[J].干旱区地理,2005(5):692-696.
[14]付春风.基于GIS的流溪河森林公园景观分类与制图[J].华中农业大学学报,2009,28(2):233-237.
[15]范建红,魏成,李松志.乡村景观的概念内涵与发展研究[J].热带地理,2009,29(3):285-289.
[16]李振鹏,刘黎明,谢花林.乡村景观分类的方法探析——以北京市海淀区白家疃村为例[J].资源科学,2005(2):167-173.
[17]钱凤魁,董婷婷,王秋兵.低山丘陵区不同坡度级耕地景观格局特征分析[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2013,44(6):766-770.
[18]肖禾,李良涛,张茜,等.小尺度乡村景观生态评价及重构研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2013,21(12):1554-1564.
[19]刘文平,宇振荣.GIS支持下北京市海淀区生境服务制图研究[J].生态科学,2017,36(2):144-151.
[20]许宁,张广录,刘紫玉.基于地形梯度的河北省太行山区土地利用时空变异研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2013,21(10):1284-1292.
[21]李向婷.乡村景观分类与评价研究——以长沙县乌川湖村为例[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(27):226-228.
[22]梁发超,刘黎明,曲衍波.乡村尺度农业景观分类方法及其在新农村建设规划中的应用[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(11):330-336.
[23]张茜,村镇景观特征与质量评价方法及应用研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2016.
[24]樊雷,郝仕龙.黄土丘陵区人地关系演变与土地利用决策研究——以宁夏固原市上黄试区为例[J].地域研究与开发,2017,36(2):122-127.
[25]哈凯,丁庆龙,门明新,等.山地丘陵区土地利用分布及其与地形因子关系——以河北省怀来县为例[J].地理研究,2015,34(5):909-921.
[26]解河海,黄国如.地形指数若干计算方法探讨[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2006(1):46-50.
[27]工程村志编辑委员会.河北·邯郸——工程村村志[M].邯郸:河北集美彩色印刷厂,2016:12-22.
[28]潘利军.传承邯郸县的历史与文化[M].北京:中国文史出版社,2014:1-4.
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