一种基于消弧线圈和静止同步补偿器协同作用的配电网消弧结构与方法
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摘要
由于线路对地电容的存在,中性点非有效接地系统发生单相线路接地故障后会引起较大的接地故障电流甚至弧光。本文提出一种基于消弧线圈和三相级联H桥静止同步补偿器(STATCOM)协同作用的新型配电网单相线路接地故障消弧结构和方法,该结构将STATCOM中性点通过消弧线圈接地,当单相接地故障发生后,消弧线圈补偿接地故障电流中的大部分基波分量,另外通过对STATCOM增加共模控制回路,来补偿接地故障电流中剩余的基波、谐波和有功分量。实现了无源与有源消弧措施的结合,提升了单相接地故障电流的补偿效果,避免了使用STATCOM中性点直接接地来补偿接地故障电流时直流侧电压大幅升高和所需级联H桥单元增加的问题。另一方面该方法能够同时实现STATCOM无功补偿功能与消弧功能,提高了设备利用率。最后,通过Matlab/Simulink仿真和低压版实验系统的结果验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。
Due to the existence of line-to-ground capacitance, a single line to ground fault will cause a large ground fault current in the un-grounded distribution networks. If not instantly suppressed,the sustained arc from the fault current will cause permanent damages. This paper proposes an effective arc-suppression method based on the coordinated operation of a petersen coil and a three-phase cascaded H-bridge static synchronous compensator(STATCOM) in distribution networks. The neutral point of the STATCOM is connected to the ground through the petersen coil. When the single line to ground fault occurs, the petersen coil compensates most of the fundamental component of the ground current, while a new set of the common mode based controls are added into the existing STATCOM controller to compensate the remaining fundamental, harmonics and active components in the ground fault current, so that the arc current is instantly eliminated. The proposed series connection of the passive arc-suppression to the active arc-suppression by the STATCOM, not only guarantees the dynamic response of the ground fault current compensation, it also avoids the large increase of dc-link voltage when the neutral point of STATCOM is directly connected to the ground for active arc-suppression. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method are successfully verified by the Matlab/Simulink simulation and experimental results in this paper.
Due to the existence of line-to-ground capacitance, a single line to ground fault will cause a large ground fault current in the un-grounded distribution networks. If not instantly suppressed,the sustained arc from the fault current will cause permanent damages. This paper proposes an effective arc-suppression method based on the coordinated operation of a petersen coil and a three-phase cascaded H-bridge static synchronous compensator(STATCOM) in distribution networks. The neutral point of the STATCOM is connected to the ground through the petersen coil. When the single line to ground fault occurs, the petersen coil compensates most of the fundamental component of the ground current, while a new set of the common mode based controls are added into the existing STATCOM controller to compensate the remaining fundamental, harmonics and active components in the ground fault current, so that the arc current is instantly eliminated. The proposed series connection of the passive arc-suppression to the active arc-suppression by the STATCOM, not only guarantees the dynamic response of the ground fault current compensation, it also avoids the large increase of dc-link voltage when the neutral point of STATCOM is directly connected to the ground for active arc-suppression. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method are successfully verified by the Matlab/Simulink simulation and experimental results in this paper.
引文
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[14]陈柏超,王朋,沈伟伟,等.电磁混合式消弧线圈的全补偿故障消弧原理及其柔性控制策略[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(10):311-318.Chen Baichao,Wang Peng,Shen Weiwei,et al.The principle of full compensation arc suppression and flexible control of electromagnetic hybrid petersen coil[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(10):311-318.
[15]王朋,田翠华,陈柏超,等.基于新型磁控消弧线圈的电磁混合消弧及配合选线新方法[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(16):175-183.Wang Peng,Tian Cuihua,Chen Baichao,et al Electromagnetic hybrid arc suppression and a novel method of feeder selection based on the novel magnetic controlled petersen coil[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(16):175-183.
[16]Wang Peng,Chen Baichao,Tian Cuihua,et al.Anovel neutral electromagnetic hybrid flexible grounding method in distribution networks[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery,2017,32(3):1350-1358.
[17]郭谋发,张伟骏,高伟,等.基于级联H桥变流器和dq变换的配电网故障柔性消弧方法[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(24):240-251.Guo Moufa,Zhang Weijun,Gao Wei,et al.Fault flexible arc suppression approach based on cascaded H-bridge converters and dq coordinate transformation for distribution network[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(24):240-251.
[18]郭谋发,游建章,林先辉,等.适应线路参数及负载变化的配电网柔性优化消弧方法[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(8):138-145.Guo Moufa,You Jianzhang,Lin Xianhui,et al Flexible arc-suppression optimization method for distribution network adaptable to variation of line parameters and load[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(8):138-145.
[19]郭谋发,游建章,张伟骏,等.基于三相级联H桥变流器的配电网接地故障分相柔性消弧方法[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(17):11-22.Guo Moufa,You jianzhang,Zhang weijun,et al.Separate-phase flexible arc-suppression method of earth-fault in distribution systems based on threephase cascaded H-bridge converter[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(17):11-22.
[20]陈博博,屈卫锋,杨宏宇,等.小电流接地系统单相接地综合电弧模型与选线方法的研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(16):1-7.Chen Bobo,Qu Weifeng,Yang Hongyu,et al.Research on single phase grounding arc model and line selection for neutral ineffectively grounding system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(16):1-7.
[21]Liserre M,Blaabjerg F,Hansen S.Design and control of an LCL-filter-based three-phase active rectifier[J]IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2005,41(5):1281-1291.
[22]Akagi H,Inoue S,Yoshii T.Control and performance of a transformerless cascade PWM STATCOM with star configuration[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2007,43(4):1041-1049.
[2]何连杰,史常凯,闫卓,等.基于广义S变换能量相对熵的小电流接地系统故障区段定位方法[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(8):274-280.He Lianjie,Shi Changkai,Yan Zhuo,et al.A fault section location method for small current neutral grounding system based on energy relative entropy of generalized S-transform[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(8):274-280.
[3]王丙东,蔡蕾,董旭,等.中性点不接地系统非对称短路故障分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(3):149-153.Wang Bingdong,Cai Lei,Cong Xu,et al.Acomprehensive analysis for asymmetrical shortcircuit fault of electric power system with neutralpoint unground[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(3):149-153.
[4]刘健,张志华,张小庆.配电网故障处理若干问题探讨[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(20):1-6.Liu Jian,Zhang Zhihua,Zhang Xiaoqing.Investigation on fault processing for electric power distribution networks[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(20):1-6.
[5]李景禄,刘春生,胡毅,等.配电网自动跟踪补偿消弧装置[J].变压器,2000,37(10):33-36.Li Jinglu,Liu Chunsheng,Hu Yi,et al.Automatic tracking compensation arc-suppression apparatus used for distribution net[J].Transformer,2000,37(10):33-36.
[6]Nikander A.Development of modern phase earthing system for improving quality of supply in the MVnetwork[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery2017,32(3):1228-1235.
[7]Nikander A.Development and testing of new equipment for faulty phase earthing applying RTDS[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery2017,32(3):1295-1302.
[8]刘衍,龙国华,周求宽,等.开关型消弧激发PT过流的试验与仿真研究[J].高压电器,2017,53(2):87-94.Liu Yan,Long Guohua,Zhou Qiukuan,et al.Experimental and simulation study on over-current of PT caused by switch type arc extinguishing[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2017,53(2):87-94.
[9]Winter K M.The RCC ground fault neutralizer-a novel scheme for fast earth-fault protection[C]//IEEE International Conference and Exhibition on Electricity Distribution,Turin,Italy,2010:1-4.
[10]Wang Wen,Zeng Xiangjun,Yan Lingjie,et al.Principle and control design of active ground-fault arc suppression device for full compensation of ground current[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2017,64(6):4561-4570.
[11]陈忠仁,张波.基于主从逆变器的无感消弧有源接地补偿系统[J].电力自动化设备,2014,34(6):62-67.Chen Zhongren,Zhang Bo.Non-inductive arcsuppression and active grounding compensation system based on master-slave inverters[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2014,34(6):62-67.
[12]曾祥君,王媛媛,李健,等.基于配电网柔性接地控制的故障消弧与馈线保护新原理[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(16):137-143.Zeng Xiangjun,Wang Yuanyuan,Li Jian,et al.Novel principle of faults arc extinguishing&feeder protection based on flexible grounding control for distribution networks[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(16):137-143.
[13]陈锐,周丰,翁洪杰,等.基于双闭环控制的配电网单相接地故障有源消弧方法[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(5):128-133.Chen Rui,Zhuo Feng,Weng Hongjie,et al.Active arc-suppression method based on double closed-loop control under single-phase grounding faults in distribution networks[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(5):128-133.
[14]陈柏超,王朋,沈伟伟,等.电磁混合式消弧线圈的全补偿故障消弧原理及其柔性控制策略[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(10):311-318.Chen Baichao,Wang Peng,Shen Weiwei,et al.The principle of full compensation arc suppression and flexible control of electromagnetic hybrid petersen coil[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(10):311-318.
[15]王朋,田翠华,陈柏超,等.基于新型磁控消弧线圈的电磁混合消弧及配合选线新方法[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(16):175-183.Wang Peng,Tian Cuihua,Chen Baichao,et al Electromagnetic hybrid arc suppression and a novel method of feeder selection based on the novel magnetic controlled petersen coil[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(16):175-183.
[16]Wang Peng,Chen Baichao,Tian Cuihua,et al.Anovel neutral electromagnetic hybrid flexible grounding method in distribution networks[J].IEEETransactions on Power Delivery,2017,32(3):1350-1358.
[17]郭谋发,张伟骏,高伟,等.基于级联H桥变流器和dq变换的配电网故障柔性消弧方法[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(24):240-251.Guo Moufa,Zhang Weijun,Gao Wei,et al.Fault flexible arc suppression approach based on cascaded H-bridge converters and dq coordinate transformation for distribution network[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(24):240-251.
[18]郭谋发,游建章,林先辉,等.适应线路参数及负载变化的配电网柔性优化消弧方法[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(8):138-145.Guo Moufa,You Jianzhang,Lin Xianhui,et al Flexible arc-suppression optimization method for distribution network adaptable to variation of line parameters and load[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(8):138-145.
[19]郭谋发,游建章,张伟骏,等.基于三相级联H桥变流器的配电网接地故障分相柔性消弧方法[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(17):11-22.Guo Moufa,You jianzhang,Zhang weijun,et al.Separate-phase flexible arc-suppression method of earth-fault in distribution systems based on threephase cascaded H-bridge converter[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(17):11-22.
[20]陈博博,屈卫锋,杨宏宇,等.小电流接地系统单相接地综合电弧模型与选线方法的研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(16):1-7.Chen Bobo,Qu Weifeng,Yang Hongyu,et al.Research on single phase grounding arc model and line selection for neutral ineffectively grounding system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(16):1-7.
[21]Liserre M,Blaabjerg F,Hansen S.Design and control of an LCL-filter-based three-phase active rectifier[J]IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2005,41(5):1281-1291.
[22]Akagi H,Inoue S,Yoshii T.Control and performance of a transformerless cascade PWM STATCOM with star configuration[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2007,43(4):1041-1049.