大长径比直筒型旋风分离器内部流动特性研究
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摘要
为了探究大长径比直筒型旋风分离器内部的流动特性,采用雷诺应力模型(RSM)对单入口蜗壳式旋风分离器进行数值模拟,从瞬态流场和动态特性两个方面分析不同轴向位置的切向速度分布。同时,运用RMS分析了湍流脉动速度偏离时均速度的程度。结果表明,在瞬态流场中,切向速度等值线在截面上分布不对称,呈现明显的非轴对称现象;主要表现为切向速度零值的所在位置与几何中心不重合,零值偏移的一侧,切向速度较大,偏离的一侧较小。此外,切向速度的动态变化属于高速脉动状态,具有准周期性特点,通过优化结构或操作条件可以改变涡核频率,降低工业震动。在分离空间上部区域,流动不稳定性较大,湍流脉动较强,速度波动范围较大。随着轴向向下,流体能量逐渐耗散,速度脉动逐渐减小。RMS数据表明运动流体从入口段进入旋风分离器,流动不稳定性逐渐增大,达到一定程度后,不稳定性逐渐变小,直至较为平稳。
Numerical simulation of gas flow in cylindrical cyclone separators was studied using Reynolds stress model(RSM) to investigate flow characteristics in a cylindrical cyclone separator with large length-to-diameter ratio. Tangential velocity distribution at different axial sections was analyzed by transient flow field and dynamic performance evaluation. Meanwhile, RMS was used to identify deviation degree of turbulent velocity from time-average velocity. The results demonstrate that the tangential velocity of transient flow shows a non-axisymmetric phenomenon at cross sections, which is mainly presented as asymmetric distribution of contours. The location of tangential velocity = 0 does not overlap with the geometric center, and the tangential velocity is larger near the zero location. In addition, the dynamic characteristics of the tangential velocity show high-speed pulsating with quasi-periodic characteristics. Structure and operation optimization can change core frequency and reduce industrial vibration. In the upper part of the cylinder, flow instability is more obvious, and turbulent pulsation is strong with high velocity fluctuation. Fluid energy gradually dissipates and pulse speed gradually reduces when moving downward. RMS data shows that flow instability gradually increases from inlet, which then decreases and becomes stable.
Numerical simulation of gas flow in cylindrical cyclone separators was studied using Reynolds stress model(RSM) to investigate flow characteristics in a cylindrical cyclone separator with large length-to-diameter ratio. Tangential velocity distribution at different axial sections was analyzed by transient flow field and dynamic performance evaluation. Meanwhile, RMS was used to identify deviation degree of turbulent velocity from time-average velocity. The results demonstrate that the tangential velocity of transient flow shows a non-axisymmetric phenomenon at cross sections, which is mainly presented as asymmetric distribution of contours. The location of tangential velocity = 0 does not overlap with the geometric center, and the tangential velocity is larger near the zero location. In addition, the dynamic characteristics of the tangential velocity show high-speed pulsating with quasi-periodic characteristics. Structure and operation optimization can change core frequency and reduce industrial vibration. In the upper part of the cylinder, flow instability is more obvious, and turbulent pulsation is strong with high velocity fluctuation. Fluid energy gradually dissipates and pulse speed gradually reduces when moving downward. RMS data shows that flow instability gradually increases from inlet, which then decreases and becomes stable.
引文
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[30]Wasilewski M.Multicriteria optimization of first-stage cyclones in the clinker burning system by means of numerical modelling and experimental research[J].Powder Technology,2016,289:143-158.
[31]Safikhani H.Modeling and multi-objective Pareto optimization separators using CFD,ANNS and NSGA algorithm[J].Advanced Powder Technology,2016,27(5):2277-2284.
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[45]WANG Lu(王璐),ZHANG Xing-fang(张兴芳),DONG Zhen-zhou(董振洲),et al.Effect of inlet structure on the transient properties of gas flow in cyclone separator(旋风分离器入口形式对内流场非稳态特性的影响)[J].CIESC Journal(化工学报),2018,69(8):3488-3501.
[46]GAO Zhu-wei(高助威),WANG Juan(王娟),WANG Jiang-yun(王江云),et al.Study of the characteristics of vortex core oscillation in cyclone separator(旋风分离器内涡核摆动的特性研究)[J].Journal of Engineering Thermophysics(工程热物理学报),2017,38(12):2610-2618.
[2]GAO Zhu-wei(高助威),WANG Jiang-yun(王江云),WANG Juan(王娟),et al.Vortex analysis of flow field of cyclone separator with single volute inlet structure(蜗壳式旋风分离器内部流场空间的涡分析)[J].CIESC Journal(化工学报),2017,68(8):3006-3013.
[3]GAO Cui-zhi(高翠芝),SUN Guo-gang(孙国刚),DONG Rui-qian(董瑞倩).Analysis on location and pressure of vortex end in gas cyclone(旋风分离器旋涡尾端测量及压力特性分析)[J].CIESC Journal(化工学报),2010,61(6):1399-1405.
[4]Khairy E.Design of a novel gas cyclone vortex finder using the adjoint method[J].Separation and Purification Technology,2015,142:274-286.
[5]Yazdavadi P A,Griffiths A J.Alternate eddy shedding set up by the non-axisymmetric recirculation zone at the exhaust of a cyclone dust separator[J].Chemical Engineering Research&Design,1996,74(A3):363-368.
[6]Ter Linden A J.Investigations into cyclone dust collectors[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,1949,160(1):233-251.
[7]Stefen O,Jakob W,Gemot S.Investigation of the flow pattern in different dust outlet geometries of a gas cyclone by laser Doppler anemometry[J].Powder Technology,2003,138(2-3):239-251.
[8]YAN Chao-yu(严超宇),WU Xiao-lin(吴小林),SHI Ming-xian(时铭显).Simplified analysis of the unsteady flow field in a cyclone separator(旋风分离器非稳态流场的简化分析)[J].Flow Machinery(流体机械),2002,30(3):18-21.
[9]Demir S.A practical model for estimating pressure drop in cyclone separators:an experimental study[J].Powder Technology,2014,268:329-338.
[10]Boysan F,Ayers W H,Swithenbank J,et al.A fundamental mathematical modeling approach to cyclone design[J].Transactions of the Institution of Chemical Engineers,1982,60(4):222-230.
[11]Boysan F,Ewan B C R,Swithenbank J,et al.Experimental and theoretical studies of cyclone separator aerodynamics[C].USA:Powtech Particle Technology,1983:305-306.
[12]WU Xiao-lin(吴小林),XIONG Zhi-yi(熊至宜),JI Zhong-li(姬忠礼),et al.Numerical simulation of precessing vortex core in cyclone separator(旋风分离器旋进涡核的数值模拟)[J].Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering(化工学报),2007,58(2):383-390.
[13]Song C M,Pei B B,Jiang M T,et al.Numerical analysis of forces exerted on particles in cyclone separators[J].Powder Technology,2016,294:437-448.
[14]Hoffermann A C,Peng W,Dries H,et al.Effect of pressure recovery vanes on the performance of a swirl tube with emphasis on the flow pattern and separation efficiency[J].Energy Fuel,2006,20(4):1691-1697.
[15]Hoffann A C,Jouge R D E.Arends H,et al.Evidence of the natural vortex length and its effect on the separation efficiency of gas cyclone[J].Filtration and Separation,1995,32(8):799-804.
[16]Derjseb J J,Vanden Akker H E A.Simulation of vortex core precession in a reverse-flow cyclone[J].AIChE Journal,2000,46(7):1317-1331.
[17]Hoekstra A J,Israel A T,Derksen J J,et al.The application of laser diagnostics to cyclonic flow with vortex precession[C].Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics,Lisbon,1998:431-435.
[18]Song J F,Wei Y D,Sun G G,et al.Experimental and CFD study of particle deposition on the outer surface of vortex finder of a cyclone separator[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2017,309:249-262.
[19]Gu X F,Song J F,Wei Y D.Experimental study of pressure fluctuation in a gas-solid cyclone separator[J].Powder Technology,2016,299:217-225.
[20]Song J F,Xu D B,Wei Y D.Carbonaceous deposition onto the outer surface of vortex finder of commercial RFCC cyclones and role of gas flow to the buildup of the deposits[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2016,303:109-122.
[21]WEI Yao-dong(魏耀东),ZHANG Jing(张静),SONG Jian-fei(宋健斐),et al.Experimental study of natural cyclone length of a cyclone separator(旋风分离器自然旋风长的试验研究)[J].Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power(热能动力工程),2010,25(2):206-209.
[22]WEI Yao-dong(魏耀东),YAN Hui(燕辉),SHI Ming-xian(时铭显).Study on flow in the annular space of a cyclone separator with a volute inlet(蜗壳式旋风分离器环形空间流场的研究)[J].Petroleum Processing and Petrochemical(石油炼制与化工),2000,31(11):46-50.
[23]WANG Jiang-yun(王江云),MAO Yu(毛羽),MENG Wen(孟文),et al.Experimental measurement of non-axisymmetric rotating flow field in cyclone separator(旋风分离器内非轴对称旋转流场的测量)[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)(石油学报(石油加工)),2015,31(4):920-928.
[24]WANG Jiang-yun(王江云),MAO Yu(毛羽),WANG Juan(王娟),et al.Optimization of linkage structure between primary and secondary separator in FCC disengagers(FCC沉降器内粗旋与顶旋分离器连接结构的优化)[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)(石油学报(石油加工)),2008,24(3):251-255.
[25]MENG Wen(孟文),WANG Jiang-yun(王江云),MAO Yu(毛羽),et al.Effect of vortex finder diameter on non-axisymmetric rotating flow field in cyclone separator(排气管直径对旋风分离器非轴对称旋转流场的影响)[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)(石油学报(石油加工)),2015,31(6):1309-1316.
[26]WANG Jiang-yun(王江云),MAO Yu(毛羽),WANG Juan(王娟).Flow characteristic in a single inlet cyclone separator with double passage(单入口双进气道旋风分离器内流体的流动特性)[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)(石油学报(石油加工)),2011,27(5):780-786.
[27]WANG Jiang-yun(王江云),MAO Yu(毛羽),LIU Mei-li(刘美丽),et al.Numerical simulation of strongly swirling flow in cyclone separator by using an advanced RNG k-εmodel(用改进的RNG k-ε模型模拟旋风分离器内的强旋流动)[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)(石油学报(石油加工)),2010,26(1):8-13.
[28]Wasilewski M.Analysis of the effect of counter-cone location on cyclone separator efficiency[J].Separation and Purification Technology,2017,179:236-247.
[29]Wasilewski M.Analysis of the effect of temperature and the share of solid and gas phases on the process of separation in a cyclone suspension preheater[J].Separation and Purification Technology,2016,168:114-123.
[30]Wasilewski M.Multicriteria optimization of first-stage cyclones in the clinker burning system by means of numerical modelling and experimental research[J].Powder Technology,2016,289:143-158.
[31]Safikhani H.Modeling and multi-objective Pareto optimization separators using CFD,ANNS and NSGA algorithm[J].Advanced Powder Technology,2016,27(5):2277-2284.
[32]Safikhani H,Mehrabian P.Numerical study of flow field in new cyclone separators[J].Powder Technology,2016,27(2):379-387.
[33]CHEN Yue-ming(程乐鸣),WANG Qin-hui(王勤辉),FANG Meng-xiang(方梦祥).A cylindrical cyclone separator(直筒型旋风分离器):CN,201510255787.0,2015-12-09.
[34]ZHU Hua-teng(祝华腾),CHEN Guang-hui(陈光辉),WANG Wei-wen(王伟文),et al.Numerical simulation and analysis of secondary vortex in different cyclone separators(不同结构的旋风分离器二次涡的数值模拟和分析)[J].Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities(高校化学工程学报),2017,31(5):1062-1071.
[35]WU Ling-hui(吴灵辉),CHEN Yue-ming(程乐鸣),XU Lin-jie(许霖杰),et al.Numerical simulation of flow field and separator performance of a cylindrical cyclone(直筒型分离器流场和分离性能的数值分析)[J].Energy Engineering(能源工程),2016,2:62-68.
[36]JI Zhong-li(姬忠礼),SHI Ming-xian(时铭显),Flow fluid measurement in cyclone separator(旋风分离器内流场的测试技术)[J].Journal of the University of Petrolem(中国石油大学学报),1991,15(6):1062-58.
[37]WANG Juan(王娟),MAO Yu(毛羽),ZHONG An-hai(钟安海),et al.Numerical simulation of 3D turbulent flow in a FCCdisengage(FCC沉降器全部空间三维流场的数值模拟)[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)(石油学报(石油加工)),2007,23(5):15-21.
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