旅游产业集聚对环境污染的差异性影响:287个地级市例证
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摘要
产业集聚的环境外部性问题是业内研究热点,不同形式的产业集聚对于环境污染的影响机制存在差异。基于旅游产业集聚视角,利用2010～2016年我国287个地级市面板数据与空间面板计量模型实证探究旅游产业集聚对环境污染的影响。研究结果表明:从全国视角来看,旅游产业集聚与环境污染呈现倒"U"型关系,其拐点处的旅游产业集聚水平为0.884,绝大多数地级市旅游产业集聚能够对环境污染的改善起到一定促进作用,技术创新与产业结构优化在旅游产业集聚影响环境污染中发挥了重要的渠道作用;从区域视角来看,东部、东北与西部地区旅游产业集聚对环境污染改善具有显著的正向影响,而中部地区旅游产业集聚对环境污染的改善效果并不显著。
The environmental externality of industrial agglomeration is the hotspot of research in the industry, and different forms of industrial agglomeration have different impact mechanisms on environmental pollution. Based on the perspective of agglomeration of tourism industry, this paper carries on the empirical study of the impact of tourism industrial agglomeration on environmental pollution through panel data of 287 cities in China from 2010 to 2016 and spatial panel econometric model. The results show that: from the national perspective, the relationship between tourism industrial agglomeration and environmental pollution is inverted-U-shaped and the agglomeration level of tourism industry at inflection point is 0.884. The agglomeration of tourism industry in most cities can effectively relieve environmental pollution, and technological innovation and optimization of industrial structure have played important roles in the impact of agglomeration of tourism industry on environmental pollution. From the regional perspective, agglomeration of tourism industry in eastern, northeast and western regions both significantly reduce environmental pollution, while agglomeration of tourism industry in the central region has no significant effect on environmental pollution.
The environmental externality of industrial agglomeration is the hotspot of research in the industry, and different forms of industrial agglomeration have different impact mechanisms on environmental pollution. Based on the perspective of agglomeration of tourism industry, this paper carries on the empirical study of the impact of tourism industrial agglomeration on environmental pollution through panel data of 287 cities in China from 2010 to 2016 and spatial panel econometric model. The results show that: from the national perspective, the relationship between tourism industrial agglomeration and environmental pollution is inverted-U-shaped and the agglomeration level of tourism industry at inflection point is 0.884. The agglomeration of tourism industry in most cities can effectively relieve environmental pollution, and technological innovation and optimization of industrial structure have played important roles in the impact of agglomeration of tourism industry on environmental pollution. From the regional perspective, agglomeration of tourism industry in eastern, northeast and western regions both significantly reduce environmental pollution, while agglomeration of tourism industry in the central region has no significant effect on environmental pollution.
引文
[1]刘少和,桂拉旦.区域旅游产业集聚化转型升级发展路径及其动力机制研究[J].西藏大学学报(社会科学版),2014(4):172-184.
[2]ZENG D Z,ZHAO L X.Pollution haven and industrial agglomeration[J].Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,2009,58(2):141-153.
[3]DONG B,GONG J,ZHAO X.FDI and environmental regulation:pollution haven or a race to the top?[J].Journal of Regulation E-conomics,2012,41(2):216-237.
[4]KYRIAKOPOLOU E,XEPAPADEAS A.Environmental policy,first nature advantage and the emergence of economic clusters[J].Regional Science&Urban Economics,2013,43(1)101-116.
[5]VIRKANEN J.Effect of urbanization on metal deposition in the bay of toolonlahti,southern finland[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,1998,36(9):729-738.
[6]F RANK A,NICOLAS M,PETER S,et al.Urban air quality in larger conurbations in the European Union[J].Environmental Modeling&Software,2001,16(4):399-414.
[7]MARTIN A,HANS L.Agglomeration and productivity:evidence from firm-level data[J].The Annals of Regional Science,2011,46(3)601-620.
[8]张可,汪东芳.经济集聚与环境污染的交互影响及空间溢出[J].中国工业经济,2014(6):70-82.
[9]刘军,程中华,李廉水.产业聚集与环境污染[J].科研管理,2016,37(6):134-140.
[10]谢荣辉,原毅军.产业集聚动态演化的污染减排效应研究[J].经济评论,2016(2):18-28.
[11]杨仁发.产业集聚、外商直接投资与环境污染[J].经济管理,2015(2):11-19.
[12]李伟娜,杨永福,王珍珍.制造业集聚、大气污染与节能减排[J].经济管理,2010(9):36-44.
[13]曹杰,林云.我国制造业集聚与环境污染关系的实证研究[J].生态经济,2016(6):81-87.
[14]刘耀彬,袁华锡,封亦代.产业集聚减排效应的空间溢出与门槛特征[J].数理统计与管理,2018(2):224-234.
[15]谭嘉殷,张耀辉.产业集聚红利还是“污染避难所”再现?[J].经济与管理研究,2015,36(6):82-89.
[16]杨敏.产业集聚对工业污染排放影响的实证研究[J].求索,2018(2):59-74.
[17]余泳泽,刘凤娟.生产性服务业空间集聚对环境污染的影响[J].财经问题研究,2017(8):23-29.
[18]李勇刚,张鹏.产业集聚加剧了中国的环境污染吗[J].华中科技大学学报(社会科学版),2013(5):97-106.
[19]刘习平,宋德勇.城市产业集聚对城市环境的影响[J].城市问题,2013(3):9-15.
[20]黄娟,汪明进.制造业、生产性服务业共同集聚与污染排放[J].中国流通经济,2017(8):116-128.
[21]刘佳,赵金金,张广海.中国旅游产业集聚与旅游经济增长关系的空间计量分析[J]经济地理,2013(4):186-192.
[22]郭为,何媛媛.旅游产业的区域集聚、收敛与就业差异:基于分省面板的说明[J].旅游学刊,2008(3):29-36.
[23]王凯,易静.区域旅游产业集聚与绩效的关系研究[J].地理科学进展,2013(3):465-474.
[24]赵磊.旅游产业集聚会影响地区收入差距吗?[J].旅游科学,2013(5):22-40.
[25]毛剑梅.旅游业与制造业产业集群的比较分析[J].经济问题探索,2006(6):125-128.
[26]李琼,李彦辉,李庆雷,等.运用循环经济理念打造旅游产业集群[J].北京第二外国语学院学报,2007(9):15-20.
[27]李鹏飞.旅游产业集群:理论与现实的探讨[J]经济地理,2009(7):1209-1213.
[28]王兆峰.基于产业集群的旅游产业结构升级优化的传导机制与途径研究[J].财经理论与实践,2011(1):105-109.
[29]刘佳,王娟.我国沿海旅游产业集聚发展与承载力提升关联作用研究[J].商业研究,2016(10):145-156.
[30]刘华军,刘传明,杨骞.环境污染的空间溢出及其来源[J].经济学家,2015(10):28-35.
[31]ANSELIN L.Spatial econometrics:methods and models[M].Dordrecht:Kluwer Acadmeic Publishers,1998.
[32]MADARIAGA N,PONCET S.FDI in Chinese cities:spillovers and impact on growth[J].The World Economy,2007,30(5):837-862.
[33]秦晓丽,于文超.外商直接投资、经济增长与环境污染[J].宏观经济研究,2016(6):127-151.
[34]COLE M A,ELLIOTT R J R,ZHANG J.Growth,foreign direct investment,and the environment:evidence from Chinese cities[J].Journal of Regional Science,2011,51(1):121-138.
[35]C RIADO C,VALENTE S,STENGOS T.Growth and pollution convergence:theory and evidence[J].Journal of Environmental E-conomics and Management,2011,62(2)199-214.
[36]郭悦,钟廷勇,安烨.产业集聚对旅游业全要素生产率的影响[J].旅游学刊,2015,30(5):14-22.
[37]丰晓旭.全域旅游和区域绿色发展的关联度[J].改革,2018(2):122~131.
[38]鲁元平,王品超,朱晓盼.城市化、空间溢出与技术创新:基于中国264个地级市的经验证据[J].财经科学,2017(11):78-89.
(1)经计算,在倒“U”型拐点处,旅游产业集聚水平的对数值为-0.122,即换算出此时旅游产业集聚水平为0.884。
(1)其中,东部地区包括北京、天津、河北、上海、江苏、浙江、福建、山东、广东、海南10省市,东北地区包括辽宁、吉林、黑龙江3省,中部区域包括山西、安徽、江西、河南、湖北、湖南6省,西部地区包括内蒙古、广西、重庆、四川、贵州、云南、西藏、陕西、甘肃、青海、宁夏、新疆12省(区、市)。
[2]ZENG D Z,ZHAO L X.Pollution haven and industrial agglomeration[J].Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,2009,58(2):141-153.
[3]DONG B,GONG J,ZHAO X.FDI and environmental regulation:pollution haven or a race to the top?[J].Journal of Regulation E-conomics,2012,41(2):216-237.
[4]KYRIAKOPOLOU E,XEPAPADEAS A.Environmental policy,first nature advantage and the emergence of economic clusters[J].Regional Science&Urban Economics,2013,43(1)101-116.
[5]VIRKANEN J.Effect of urbanization on metal deposition in the bay of toolonlahti,southern finland[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,1998,36(9):729-738.
[6]F RANK A,NICOLAS M,PETER S,et al.Urban air quality in larger conurbations in the European Union[J].Environmental Modeling&Software,2001,16(4):399-414.
[7]MARTIN A,HANS L.Agglomeration and productivity:evidence from firm-level data[J].The Annals of Regional Science,2011,46(3)601-620.
[8]张可,汪东芳.经济集聚与环境污染的交互影响及空间溢出[J].中国工业经济,2014(6):70-82.
[9]刘军,程中华,李廉水.产业聚集与环境污染[J].科研管理,2016,37(6):134-140.
[10]谢荣辉,原毅军.产业集聚动态演化的污染减排效应研究[J].经济评论,2016(2):18-28.
[11]杨仁发.产业集聚、外商直接投资与环境污染[J].经济管理,2015(2):11-19.
[12]李伟娜,杨永福,王珍珍.制造业集聚、大气污染与节能减排[J].经济管理,2010(9):36-44.
[13]曹杰,林云.我国制造业集聚与环境污染关系的实证研究[J].生态经济,2016(6):81-87.
[14]刘耀彬,袁华锡,封亦代.产业集聚减排效应的空间溢出与门槛特征[J].数理统计与管理,2018(2):224-234.
[15]谭嘉殷,张耀辉.产业集聚红利还是“污染避难所”再现?[J].经济与管理研究,2015,36(6):82-89.
[16]杨敏.产业集聚对工业污染排放影响的实证研究[J].求索,2018(2):59-74.
[17]余泳泽,刘凤娟.生产性服务业空间集聚对环境污染的影响[J].财经问题研究,2017(8):23-29.
[18]李勇刚,张鹏.产业集聚加剧了中国的环境污染吗[J].华中科技大学学报(社会科学版),2013(5):97-106.
[19]刘习平,宋德勇.城市产业集聚对城市环境的影响[J].城市问题,2013(3):9-15.
[20]黄娟,汪明进.制造业、生产性服务业共同集聚与污染排放[J].中国流通经济,2017(8):116-128.
[21]刘佳,赵金金,张广海.中国旅游产业集聚与旅游经济增长关系的空间计量分析[J]经济地理,2013(4):186-192.
[22]郭为,何媛媛.旅游产业的区域集聚、收敛与就业差异:基于分省面板的说明[J].旅游学刊,2008(3):29-36.
[23]王凯,易静.区域旅游产业集聚与绩效的关系研究[J].地理科学进展,2013(3):465-474.
[24]赵磊.旅游产业集聚会影响地区收入差距吗?[J].旅游科学,2013(5):22-40.
[25]毛剑梅.旅游业与制造业产业集群的比较分析[J].经济问题探索,2006(6):125-128.
[26]李琼,李彦辉,李庆雷,等.运用循环经济理念打造旅游产业集群[J].北京第二外国语学院学报,2007(9):15-20.
[27]李鹏飞.旅游产业集群:理论与现实的探讨[J]经济地理,2009(7):1209-1213.
[28]王兆峰.基于产业集群的旅游产业结构升级优化的传导机制与途径研究[J].财经理论与实践,2011(1):105-109.
[29]刘佳,王娟.我国沿海旅游产业集聚发展与承载力提升关联作用研究[J].商业研究,2016(10):145-156.
[30]刘华军,刘传明,杨骞.环境污染的空间溢出及其来源[J].经济学家,2015(10):28-35.
[31]ANSELIN L.Spatial econometrics:methods and models[M].Dordrecht:Kluwer Acadmeic Publishers,1998.
[32]MADARIAGA N,PONCET S.FDI in Chinese cities:spillovers and impact on growth[J].The World Economy,2007,30(5):837-862.
[33]秦晓丽,于文超.外商直接投资、经济增长与环境污染[J].宏观经济研究,2016(6):127-151.
[34]COLE M A,ELLIOTT R J R,ZHANG J.Growth,foreign direct investment,and the environment:evidence from Chinese cities[J].Journal of Regional Science,2011,51(1):121-138.
[35]C RIADO C,VALENTE S,STENGOS T.Growth and pollution convergence:theory and evidence[J].Journal of Environmental E-conomics and Management,2011,62(2)199-214.
[36]郭悦,钟廷勇,安烨.产业集聚对旅游业全要素生产率的影响[J].旅游学刊,2015,30(5):14-22.
[37]丰晓旭.全域旅游和区域绿色发展的关联度[J].改革,2018(2):122~131.
[38]鲁元平,王品超,朱晓盼.城市化、空间溢出与技术创新:基于中国264个地级市的经验证据[J].财经科学,2017(11):78-89.
(1)经计算,在倒“U”型拐点处,旅游产业集聚水平的对数值为-0.122,即换算出此时旅游产业集聚水平为0.884。
(1)其中,东部地区包括北京、天津、河北、上海、江苏、浙江、福建、山东、广东、海南10省市,东北地区包括辽宁、吉林、黑龙江3省,中部区域包括山西、安徽、江西、河南、湖北、湖南6省,西部地区包括内蒙古、广西、重庆、四川、贵州、云南、西藏、陕西、甘肃、青海、宁夏、新疆12省(区、市)。
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