本土方法论的理论渊源与转向——基于加芬克尔本土方法论的理论检视
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摘要
起源于现象学的本土方法论为社会学的研究打开了日常生活的大门,将社会学从帕森斯及其追随者建构起来的"秩序王国"拉回到了日常生活世界领域之中。从组合时空考察本土方法论,横向上反主流文化运动、反帕森斯运动对本土方法论生发产生影响,纵向上加芬克尔的思想转变奠定本土方法论根本立场。本土方法论最基本的预先假设是个体主义,经由胡塞尔现象学、舒茨现象学社会学、加芬克尔本土方法论最终建构而成,相对于结构功能主义,本土方法论在预先假设、行动性质、基本论域等方面实现了转向。本土方法论对现实问题的关注与自身的现实困境则是其理论发展的挑战与机遇。
Originated from phenomenology,ethnomethodology opens the door of daily life for sociological research and brings sociology back to the field of daily life world from the "kingdom of order"constructed by Parsons and his followers. From the perspective of combination of time and space,one can see that the anti-mainstream cultural movement and anti-Parsons movement have an impact on the development of ethnomethodology horizontally,and Garfinkel's ideological transformation has laid the fundamental position of ethnomethodology vertically. The basic presupposition of ethnomethodology is individualism,which is constructed through Husserl's phenomenology,Schutz's phenomenological sociology and Garfinkel's indigenous methodology. Compared with structural functionalism,ethnomethodology has achieved a turn in presupposition,nature of action and basic domain. Ethnomethodology's concern for practical problems and its own dilemma are the challenges and opportunities for its theoretical development.
Originated from phenomenology,ethnomethodology opens the door of daily life for sociological research and brings sociology back to the field of daily life world from the "kingdom of order"constructed by Parsons and his followers. From the perspective of combination of time and space,one can see that the anti-mainstream cultural movement and anti-Parsons movement have an impact on the development of ethnomethodology horizontally,and Garfinkel's ideological transformation has laid the fundamental position of ethnomethodology vertically. The basic presupposition of ethnomethodology is individualism,which is constructed through Husserl's phenomenology,Schutz's phenomenological sociology and Garfinkel's indigenous methodology. Compared with structural functionalism,ethnomethodology has achieved a turn in presupposition,nature of action and basic domain. Ethnomethodology's concern for practical problems and its own dilemma are the challenges and opportunities for its theoretical development.
引文
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[7]ALFRED S.Phenomenology and the Social Science[M].Luckmann Press,1940.
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[9]HAROLD G.Studies in Ethnomethodology[M].Cambridge:Polity Press,1984.
[10]玛格丽特·波洛玛.当代社会学理论[M].北京:华夏出版社,1989.
[11]刘岳,张玉忠.常人方法学理论探析[J].哈尔滨市委党校学报,2002(4):28-32.
[2]于海.西方社会思想史[M].上海:复旦大学出版社,2010.
[3]杰弗里·C·亚历山大.社会学二十讲[M].北京:华夏出版社,2000.
[4]瞿张婷.浅论60年代美国反主流文化运动[J].中共福建省委党校学报,2003(5):78-80.
[5]孙益.校园反叛:美国20世纪60年代的学生运动与高等教育[J].清华大学教育研究,2006(4):77-83.
[6]EDMUND H.Cartesian Meditations[M].The Hague:Martinus Nijhoff,1960.
[7]ALFRED S.Phenomenology and the Social Science[M].Luckmann Press,1940.
[8]GARFINKEL H.A Conception and experiments with“Trust”as a condition of stable concerted actions[J].Motivation&Social Interaction,1963:187-238.
[9]HAROLD G.Studies in Ethnomethodology[M].Cambridge:Polity Press,1984.
[10]玛格丽特·波洛玛.当代社会学理论[M].北京:华夏出版社,1989.
[11]刘岳,张玉忠.常人方法学理论探析[J].哈尔滨市委党校学报,2002(4):28-32.