从文本到实践:传媒业变革背景下重建中国新闻事业的社会有机性
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摘要
改革开放40年来,中国新闻事业紧跟时代,始终发挥着双重职能:一是党和国家的喉舌,宣传、阐释党的大政方针,二是坚持人民立场,反映普通百姓的心声。新闻事业的发展离不开新闻改革。20世纪80年代的新闻形态完成从"文革"话语向改革开放共识的转换,一些西方新闻传播理念引进中国,新闻形态走向信息化、专业化方向,新闻受众调查的量化方法重新定义了政治性的群众、人民概念; 20世纪90年代新闻领域开始市场化改革,小报化、都市报兴起,以深度报道为代表的新闻专业主义成为新闻行业的新规范,新闻媒体也承担着社会公共讨论的职能; 21世纪以来随着互联网、移动互联网等新媒体的兴起,以纸媒为代表的传统媒体受到挑战,新闻生产模式面临信息化、数字化、智能化的转型。在这种资本逻辑主导的传媒业变革与秩序重构中,新闻专业主义被边缘化,需要重建新媒体时代新闻事业的社会有机性,这也是新时代中国新闻事业继续坚持马克思主义新闻观,掌握意识形态工作的主动权,全心全意为人民服务的必然要求。
In the past 40 years of reform and opening up,China's journalism has kept up with the times and has always played a dual role.First,the mouthpiece of the party and the state has publicized and interpreted the party's major policies.Second,it has adhered to the people's position and reflected the voices of ordinary people.The development of journalism is inseparable from the reform of the news.The news form of the 1980s completed the transition from the "Cultural Revolution"discourse to the reform and open consensus.Some Western news communication concepts were introduced to China,and the news form was oriented toward informationization and specialization.The quantitative method redefines the political mass and the concept of the people;in the 1990 s,the market began to reform in the market,the tabloidization and the rise of the urban newspaper,and the journalism professionalism represented by in-depth reports became the new norm of the news industry,and the news media also bear the function of social public discussion;With the rise of new media such as the Internet and mobile Internet in the new century,the traditional media represented by paper media has been challenged,and the news production model is facing the transformation of informationization,digitization and intelligence.In this kind of capital logic-led media industry reform and order reconstruction,journalism professionalism is marginalized,and it is necessary to rebuild the social memory of journalism in the new media era.This is also the new era of Chinese journalism,which continues to adhere to the Marxist view of journalism.The initiative of ideological work and the inevitable requirement of serving the people wholeheartedly.
In the past 40 years of reform and opening up,China's journalism has kept up with the times and has always played a dual role.First,the mouthpiece of the party and the state has publicized and interpreted the party's major policies.Second,it has adhered to the people's position and reflected the voices of ordinary people.The development of journalism is inseparable from the reform of the news.The news form of the 1980s completed the transition from the "Cultural Revolution"discourse to the reform and open consensus.Some Western news communication concepts were introduced to China,and the news form was oriented toward informationization and specialization.The quantitative method redefines the political mass and the concept of the people;in the 1990 s,the market began to reform in the market,the tabloidization and the rise of the urban newspaper,and the journalism professionalism represented by in-depth reports became the new norm of the news industry,and the news media also bear the function of social public discussion;With the rise of new media such as the Internet and mobile Internet in the new century,the traditional media represented by paper media has been challenged,and the news production model is facing the transformation of informationization,digitization and intelligence.In this kind of capital logic-led media industry reform and order reconstruction,journalism professionalism is marginalized,and it is necessary to rebuild the social memory of journalism in the new media era.This is also the new era of Chinese journalism,which continues to adhere to the Marxist view of journalism.The initiative of ideological work and the inevitable requirement of serving the people wholeheartedly.
引文
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[51]王维佳.媒体建制派的失败:理解西方主流新闻界的信任危机.现代传播,2017,5:36-41.
[52]王维佳.主流媒体与民众的信任关系破裂.红旗文稿,2017,9:10-11.
[53]方晓恬.从特朗普“推特治国”管窥美国政治建制派窘境.浙江传媒学院学报.2017,6:36-42.
[54]胡泳.后真相与政治的未来.新闻与传播研究,2017,4:5-13.
[55]陈力丹、周俊.试论“传媒假事件”.北京大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2006,6:123-126.
[56]方师师.算法机制背后的新闻价值观---围绕“Facebook偏见门”事件的研究.新闻记者,2016,9:39-50.
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