天然气管道缺陷模型的建立及有限元分析
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摘要
定量风险评价是天然气管道安全管理的有效方法。为此,采用ABAQUS有限元软件建立了无损天然气管道的数值模型,通过对比现场工况给定最大安全运行压力,验证了该数值模型的准确性。随后建立了含凹坑和机械划伤等缺陷的天然气管道模型,通过仿真模拟进行了定量研究,确定了各种缺陷下管道的极限承压能力。针对机械划伤缺陷的管道建立了B型套筒的仿真修复模型,修复后的管道满足2 MPa的工作内压需求。研究结果可以对含缺陷管道形成有效的评价机制,为天然气管道定量风险评价方法的建立打下基础。
Quantitative risk assessment is an effective method for natural gas pipeline safety management. The numerical model for the intact natural gas pipeline is established by using ABAQUS finite element software. The accuracy of the numerical model was verified by comparing the maximum safe operating pressure given by the field conditions. Then,natural gas pipeline models with defects such as pit and mechanical scratches are established.Quantitative analyses are carried out through simulation to identify the ultimate pressure bearing capacity of the pipeline under various defects. A repair model by the B-type sleeve is established for the pipeline with mechanical scratch defects. The repaired pipeline meets the requirement of internal pressure of 2 MPa. The study results could form an effective assessment mechanism for the pipeline with defects,and lay a foundation for the establishment of quantitative risk assessment methods for natural gas pipeline.
Quantitative risk assessment is an effective method for natural gas pipeline safety management. The numerical model for the intact natural gas pipeline is established by using ABAQUS finite element software. The accuracy of the numerical model was verified by comparing the maximum safe operating pressure given by the field conditions. Then,natural gas pipeline models with defects such as pit and mechanical scratches are established.Quantitative analyses are carried out through simulation to identify the ultimate pressure bearing capacity of the pipeline under various defects. A repair model by the B-type sleeve is established for the pipeline with mechanical scratch defects. The repaired pipeline meets the requirement of internal pressure of 2 MPa. The study results could form an effective assessment mechanism for the pipeline with defects,and lay a foundation for the establishment of quantitative risk assessment methods for natural gas pipeline.
引文
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[3]黄鹤.高压天然气输气管道的安全性分析及对策研究[D].西安:西安石油大学,2014.HUANG H. Security analysis and countermeasure study of natural pipe line in high pessure[D]. Xi’ an:Xi’ an Shiyou University,2014.
[4]向启贵,熊军.天然气输气管道环境风险评价[J].石油与天然气化工,2002(增刊1):71-75.XIANG Q G,XIONG J. Environmental risk assessment on natural gas transmission pipelines[J]. Chemical Engineering of Oil and Gas,2002(S1):71-75.
[5]梁磊,李永树.基于GIS的动态指标管理在管道风险评价中的应用[J].油气储运,2012,31(1):13-16.LIANG L,LI Y S. Application of GIS-based dynamic index management in gas pipeline risk assessment[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2012,31(1):13-16.
[6]储小燕,沈士明.南京市天然气利用工程管道的风险评价[J].油气储运,2005,24(3):13-16.CHU X Y,SHEN S M. Risk assessment of pipeline in natural gas utilization engineering in Nanjing City[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2005,24(3):13-16.
[7]严宇,张鹏,李江,等.城市燃气管网风险评价方法[J].油气储运,2006,25(9):16-19.YAN Y,ZHANG P,LI J,et al. Risk assessment method on city pipeline networks[J]. Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2006,25(9):16-19.
[8]张华兵,周利剑,冯庆善,等.管道公司管道风险评价实践[J].油气储运,2012,31(2):96-98.ZHANG H B,ZHOU L J,FENG Q S,et al. Pipeline risk assessment practice of PetroChina Pipeline Company[J]. Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2012,31(2):96-98.
[9]邢志祥.天然气长输管道的定量风险评价方法[J].石油机械,2008,36(4):15-17.XING Z X. Quantitative risk assessment method for longdistance natural gas pipeline[J]. China Petroleum Machinery,2008,36(4):15-17.