致密油藏动态渗吸排驱规律与机理
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摘要
高效开发致密油藏是石油领域的一项重要任务,而渗吸采油作为开发致密油藏的重要机理之一,越来越受到人们的重视。选取新疆油田致密砂岩天然岩心和人造岩心,在室内条件下,利用改进的动态渗吸实验装置,系统地研究基质渗透率、温度、压力、岩心尺寸和裂缝密度等因素对动态渗吸采出程度的影响。通过将实验参数进行无因次化,得到无因次渗吸采出程度归一化模型。利用该模型得到的采出程度大于目前广泛应用的Ma模型计算结果,与动态渗吸实验得到的规律相吻合。研究结果表明:当岩心渗透率处于同一级别时,动态渗吸采出程度既有可能与岩心渗透率呈正相关,也有可能呈负相关;在其他条件相同的前提下,温度越高,岩心长度越短,动态渗吸效果越好;压力对渗吸效果的影响存在一个最佳范围,在本实验条件下为5～7 MPa;动态渗吸采出程度的增幅与裂缝密度呈线性正相关。
Efficient development of tight oil reservoirs is an important task in the petroleum field.Spontaneous imbibition is an important mechanism for tight oil development,which is receiving increasing attention.Natural cores and artificial cores of the tight sandstone reservoirs in Xinjiang Oilfield were selected.Experiments with improved dynamic imbibition device were carried out to study the influence of permeability,temperature,pressure,core length and fracture density on the dynamic imbibition recovery.In addition,a new dimensionless normalized model of the imbibition recovery was proposed through normalization on the experimental parameters.The new model has a better fitting to the dynamic experimental data than the widely used Ma model.The results show that core permeability has a positive or negative correlation with the dynamic imbibition recovery within a certain permeability level;a higher temperature and a shorter core corresponds to a higher imbibition recovery under the same other conditions;higher fluid pressure is more favorable to the dynamic imbibition at the optimal pressure range of 5-7 MPa in the experimental study;increment of the imbibition recovery is linearly related to the fracture density.
Efficient development of tight oil reservoirs is an important task in the petroleum field.Spontaneous imbibition is an important mechanism for tight oil development,which is receiving increasing attention.Natural cores and artificial cores of the tight sandstone reservoirs in Xinjiang Oilfield were selected.Experiments with improved dynamic imbibition device were carried out to study the influence of permeability,temperature,pressure,core length and fracture density on the dynamic imbibition recovery.In addition,a new dimensionless normalized model of the imbibition recovery was proposed through normalization on the experimental parameters.The new model has a better fitting to the dynamic experimental data than the widely used Ma model.The results show that core permeability has a positive or negative correlation with the dynamic imbibition recovery within a certain permeability level;a higher temperature and a shorter core corresponds to a higher imbibition recovery under the same other conditions;higher fluid pressure is more favorable to the dynamic imbibition at the optimal pressure range of 5-7 MPa in the experimental study;increment of the imbibition recovery is linearly related to the fracture density.
引文
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[9]吴润桐,杨胜来,谢建勇,等.致密油气储层基质岩心静态渗吸实验及机理[J].油气地质与采收率,2017,24(3):98-104.WU Runtong,YANG Shenglai,XIE Jianyong,et al.Experiment and mechanism of spontaneous imbibition of matrix core in tight oil-gas reservoirs[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2017,24(3):98-104.
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[11]周万富,王鑫,卢祥国,等.致密油储层动态渗吸采油效果及其影响因素[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2017,36(3):148-155.ZHOU Wanfu,WANG Xin,LU Xiangguo,et al.Effects of the dynamic imibibition recovery and its influencing factors for the tight oil reservoirs[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2017,36(3):148-155.
[12]王向阳,杨正明,刘学伟,等.致密油藏大模型逆向渗吸的物理模拟实验研究[J].科学技术与工程,2018,18(8):43-48.WANG Xiangyang,YANG Zhengming,LIU Xuewei,et al.Physical simulation investigation on large scale model using countercurrent imbibition in tight oil reservoirs[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2018,18(8):43-48.
[13]周凤军,陈文明.低渗透岩心渗吸实验研究[J].复杂油气藏,2009,2(1):54-56.ZHOU Fengjun,CHEN Wenming.Study on spontaneous imbibition experiment of low permeability core[J].Complex Hydrocarbon Reservoirs,2009,2(1):54-56.
[14]张程恩,潘保芝,刘茜茹.储层品质因子RQI结合聚类算法进行储层分类评价研究[J].国外测井技术,2012,33(4):11-13.ZHANG Cheng’en,PAN Baozhi,LIU Qianru.Reservoir classification evaluation research with combination of reservoir quality factor RQI and clustering algorithm[J].World Well Logging Technology,2012,33(4):11-13.
[15]陈淦,宋志理.火烧山油田基质岩块渗吸特征[J].新疆石油地质,1994,15(3):268-275.CHEN Gan,SONG Zhili.Imbibition characteristics of rock matrix in Huoshaoshan oilfield[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,1994,15(3):268-275.
[16]李斌会,付兰清,董大鹏,等.松辽盆地北部致密砂岩高温高压吞吐渗吸实验[J].特种油气藏,2018,25(1):140-145.LI Binhui,FU Lanqing,DONG Dapeng,et al.High temperaturepressure huff-puff imbibition experiment in the tight sandstone reservoir of northern Songliao Basin[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2018,25(1):140-145.
[17]唐海,吕栋梁,谢军,等.川中大安寨裂缝性油藏渗吸注水实验研究[J].西南石油学院院报:自然科学版,2005,27(2):41-44.TANG Hai,LüDongliang,XIE Jun,et al.Experiment study of water imbibition injection for Daanzai fracturing reservoir[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum Institute:Science&Technology Edition,2005,27(2):41-44.
[18]谢坤,韩大伟,卢祥国,等.高温低渗油藏表面活性剂裂缝动态渗吸研究[J].油气藏评价与开发,2017,7(3):39-43,66.XIE Kun,HAN Dawei,LU Xiangguo,et al.Study on dynamic imbibition of surfactant in low permeability fractured reservoir with high temperature[J].Reservoir Evaluation and Development,2017,7(3):39-43,66.
[19]蔡建超,郭士礼,游利军,等.裂缝-孔隙型双重介质油藏渗吸机理的分形分析[J].物理学报,2013,62(1):220-224.CAI Jianchao,GUO Shili,YOU Lijun,et al.Fractal analysis of spontaneous imbibition mechanism in fractured-porous dual media reservoir[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2013,62(1):220-224.
[20]MA S,MORROW N R,ZHANG X,et al.Characterization of wettability from spontaneous imbibitions measurements[J].Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology,1999,38(13):1-8.
[21]RAPOPORT L A,LEAS W J.Properties of liner waterflood[J].Transaction of American Institute of Mining,Metallurgical,and Petroleum Engineers,1953,5(5):139-148.
[22]MATTAX C C,KYTE J R.Imbibition oil recovery from fractured,water-drive reservoir[J].Society of Petroleum Engineers Journal,1962,2(2):177-184.
[23]STANDNES D C.Scaling spontaneous imbibition of water data accounting for fluid viscosities[J].Journal of Petroleum Science&Engineering,2010,73(3):214-219.
[24]LI K,HORNE R N.An analytical scaling method for spontaneous imbibition in gas/water/rock systems[J].SPEJ,2004,9(3):322-329.
[25]MASON G,FISCHER H,MORROW N R,et al.Correlation for the effect of fluid viscosities on counter-current spontaneous imbibition[J].Journal of Petroleum Science&Engineering,2010,72(1):195-205.
[26]ANDERSEN P?,EVJE S,KLEPPE H.A model for spontaneous imbibition as a mechanism for oil recovery in fractured reservoirs[J].Transport in Porous Media,2014,101(2):299-331.
[27]MA Shouxiang,MORROW N R,ZHANG Xiaoyun.Generalized scaling of spontaneous imbibition data for strongly water-wet systems[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,1997,18(3/4):165-178.
[28]BABADAGLI T,HATIBOGLU C U,HAMIDA T.Evaluation of matrix-fracture transfer functions for countercurrent capillary imbibitions[R].SPE 92111,2005.
[2]黄东,杨跃明,杨光,等.四川盆地侏罗系致密油勘探开发进展与对策[J].石油实验地质,2017,39(3):304-310.HUANG Dong,YANG Yueming,YANG Guang,et al.Countermeasure and progress of exploration and development of Jurassic tight oil in the Sichuan Basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2017,39(3):304-310.
[3]MILTER Jess,AUSTAD Tor.Chemical flooding of oil reservoirs6.Evaluation of the mechanism for iol expulsion by spontaneous imbibitions of brine with and without surfactant in water-wet,low permeable,chalk material[J].Colloids and Surfaces A:Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects,1996,113(3):269-278.
[4]RANGEL-GERMAN E R,KOVSCEK A R.Water infiltration in fractured systems:experiments and analytical model[C].SPE71618,2001.
[5]李晓骁,任晓娟,罗向荣.低渗透致密砂岩储层孔隙结构对渗吸特征的影响[J].油气地质与采收率,2018,25(4):115-120,126.LI Xiaoxiao,REN Xiaojuan,LUO Xiangrong.Influence of pore structures on the characteristic of spontaneous imbibition in lowpermeability tight sandstone reservoir[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2018,25(4):115-120,126.
[6]李世奎,刘卫东,张海琴,等.低渗透油藏自发渗吸驱油实验研究[J].石油学报,2007,28(2):109-112.LI Shikui,LIU Weidong,ZHANG Haiqin,et al.Experimental study of spontaneous imbibition in low-permeability reservoir[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2007,28(2):109-112.
[7]姚同玉,李继山,王建,等.裂缝性低渗透油藏的渗吸机理研究及有利条件[J].吉林大学学报:工学版,2009,39(4):937-940.YAO Tongyu,LI Jishan,WANG Jian,et al.Mechanisms and optimal conditions of imbibition in naturally fractured low-permeability reservoir[J].Journal of Jilin University:Engineering and Technology Edition,2009,39(4):937-940.
[8]朱维耀,鞠岩,杨正明,等.低渗透裂缝性砂岩油藏多孔介质渗吸机理研究[J].石油学报,2002,23(6):56-59.ZHU Weiyao,JU Yan,YANG Zhengming,et al.Spontaneous imbibition mechanism of flow through porous media and waterflooding in low-permeability fractured sandstone reservoir[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2002,23(6):56-59.
[9]吴润桐,杨胜来,谢建勇,等.致密油气储层基质岩心静态渗吸实验及机理[J].油气地质与采收率,2017,24(3):98-104.WU Runtong,YANG Shenglai,XIE Jianyong,et al.Experiment and mechanism of spontaneous imbibition of matrix core in tight oil-gas reservoirs[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2017,24(3):98-104.
[10]李洪,李治平,王香增,等.基于喉道分布特征的致密砂岩渗吸模型[J].科学技术与工程,2018,18(13):50-54.LI Hong,LI Zhiping,WANG Xiangzeng,et al.Imbibition model of tight sandstone based on distribution characteristics of roar[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2018,18(13):50-54.
[11]周万富,王鑫,卢祥国,等.致密油储层动态渗吸采油效果及其影响因素[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2017,36(3):148-155.ZHOU Wanfu,WANG Xin,LU Xiangguo,et al.Effects of the dynamic imibibition recovery and its influencing factors for the tight oil reservoirs[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2017,36(3):148-155.
[12]王向阳,杨正明,刘学伟,等.致密油藏大模型逆向渗吸的物理模拟实验研究[J].科学技术与工程,2018,18(8):43-48.WANG Xiangyang,YANG Zhengming,LIU Xuewei,et al.Physical simulation investigation on large scale model using countercurrent imbibition in tight oil reservoirs[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2018,18(8):43-48.
[13]周凤军,陈文明.低渗透岩心渗吸实验研究[J].复杂油气藏,2009,2(1):54-56.ZHOU Fengjun,CHEN Wenming.Study on spontaneous imbibition experiment of low permeability core[J].Complex Hydrocarbon Reservoirs,2009,2(1):54-56.
[14]张程恩,潘保芝,刘茜茹.储层品质因子RQI结合聚类算法进行储层分类评价研究[J].国外测井技术,2012,33(4):11-13.ZHANG Cheng’en,PAN Baozhi,LIU Qianru.Reservoir classification evaluation research with combination of reservoir quality factor RQI and clustering algorithm[J].World Well Logging Technology,2012,33(4):11-13.
[15]陈淦,宋志理.火烧山油田基质岩块渗吸特征[J].新疆石油地质,1994,15(3):268-275.CHEN Gan,SONG Zhili.Imbibition characteristics of rock matrix in Huoshaoshan oilfield[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,1994,15(3):268-275.
[16]李斌会,付兰清,董大鹏,等.松辽盆地北部致密砂岩高温高压吞吐渗吸实验[J].特种油气藏,2018,25(1):140-145.LI Binhui,FU Lanqing,DONG Dapeng,et al.High temperaturepressure huff-puff imbibition experiment in the tight sandstone reservoir of northern Songliao Basin[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2018,25(1):140-145.
[17]唐海,吕栋梁,谢军,等.川中大安寨裂缝性油藏渗吸注水实验研究[J].西南石油学院院报:自然科学版,2005,27(2):41-44.TANG Hai,LüDongliang,XIE Jun,et al.Experiment study of water imbibition injection for Daanzai fracturing reservoir[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum Institute:Science&Technology Edition,2005,27(2):41-44.
[18]谢坤,韩大伟,卢祥国,等.高温低渗油藏表面活性剂裂缝动态渗吸研究[J].油气藏评价与开发,2017,7(3):39-43,66.XIE Kun,HAN Dawei,LU Xiangguo,et al.Study on dynamic imbibition of surfactant in low permeability fractured reservoir with high temperature[J].Reservoir Evaluation and Development,2017,7(3):39-43,66.
[19]蔡建超,郭士礼,游利军,等.裂缝-孔隙型双重介质油藏渗吸机理的分形分析[J].物理学报,2013,62(1):220-224.CAI Jianchao,GUO Shili,YOU Lijun,et al.Fractal analysis of spontaneous imbibition mechanism in fractured-porous dual media reservoir[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2013,62(1):220-224.
[20]MA S,MORROW N R,ZHANG X,et al.Characterization of wettability from spontaneous imbibitions measurements[J].Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology,1999,38(13):1-8.
[21]RAPOPORT L A,LEAS W J.Properties of liner waterflood[J].Transaction of American Institute of Mining,Metallurgical,and Petroleum Engineers,1953,5(5):139-148.
[22]MATTAX C C,KYTE J R.Imbibition oil recovery from fractured,water-drive reservoir[J].Society of Petroleum Engineers Journal,1962,2(2):177-184.
[23]STANDNES D C.Scaling spontaneous imbibition of water data accounting for fluid viscosities[J].Journal of Petroleum Science&Engineering,2010,73(3):214-219.
[24]LI K,HORNE R N.An analytical scaling method for spontaneous imbibition in gas/water/rock systems[J].SPEJ,2004,9(3):322-329.
[25]MASON G,FISCHER H,MORROW N R,et al.Correlation for the effect of fluid viscosities on counter-current spontaneous imbibition[J].Journal of Petroleum Science&Engineering,2010,72(1):195-205.
[26]ANDERSEN P?,EVJE S,KLEPPE H.A model for spontaneous imbibition as a mechanism for oil recovery in fractured reservoirs[J].Transport in Porous Media,2014,101(2):299-331.
[27]MA Shouxiang,MORROW N R,ZHANG Xiaoyun.Generalized scaling of spontaneous imbibition data for strongly water-wet systems[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,1997,18(3/4):165-178.
[28]BABADAGLI T,HATIBOGLU C U,HAMIDA T.Evaluation of matrix-fracture transfer functions for countercurrent capillary imbibitions[R].SPE 92111,2005.