珠江口盆地西部珠三坳陷珠江组沉积演化
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摘要
为了加强珠三坳陷珠江组的油气勘探理论,笔者从层序格架、岩芯特征、有孔虫分布、岩石类型及岩性组合等方面,分析珠三坳陷及周缘珠江组三个层序的沉积特征及沉积演化规律:从S50--S60～S40--S41层序,岩芯特征呈现规律性变化,砂岩粒度减小、分选性增强,水动力条件从强-较强-弱转变;有孔虫丰度变化从零星中低值--连续中高值--连续中值,水深从浅-深-较深,神狐隆起从局部出露到完全沉没。古珠江三角洲及海南隆起—粤桂隆起物源三角洲是S50-S60及S41-S50层序的重点沉积体系。从S50-S60～S40-S41层序,古珠江三角洲规模从"大--中--小"依次演变,海南隆起—粤桂隆起物源三角洲呈"大-大-小/无"变化,浅海迅速扩张,仅半深海分布较稳定。
In order to strengthen the theory of oil and gas exploration about Zhujiang Formation in Zhu Ⅲ Depression,the authors analyze the sedimentary characteristics and the evolution regular of three sequences in Zhujiang Formation around Zhu Ⅲ Depression according to sequence framework,core characteristics,distribution of foraminifera,rock types and lithology combination. The results show that the grain sizes of sandstones were decreased and the sorting of sandstones was enhanced by core observation from S50-S60 to S40-S41 sequence. The hydrodynamics was changed from strong to less strong to weak from early to late stages. The abundance of foraminifera changed from fragmentary low-middle,continuous middle-high to continuous middle value. The water depth changed from shallow to deep to less deep.The Shenhu uplift changed from partly exposed to entirely being covered. The ancient pearl river delta and the deltas from Hainan uplift-Yuegui uplift are the main sedimentary systems in S50-S60 and S41-S50 succession. The ancient pearl river delta changed from big,middle to small in scale,and the deltas from Hainan uplift-Yuegui uplift changed from similar big in early 2 stages to small or disappeared in scale from S50-S60 to S40-S41 sequence. Neritic facies expanded rapidly,as bathyal facies kept basically unchanged.
In order to strengthen the theory of oil and gas exploration about Zhujiang Formation in Zhu Ⅲ Depression,the authors analyze the sedimentary characteristics and the evolution regular of three sequences in Zhujiang Formation around Zhu Ⅲ Depression according to sequence framework,core characteristics,distribution of foraminifera,rock types and lithology combination. The results show that the grain sizes of sandstones were decreased and the sorting of sandstones was enhanced by core observation from S50-S60 to S40-S41 sequence. The hydrodynamics was changed from strong to less strong to weak from early to late stages. The abundance of foraminifera changed from fragmentary low-middle,continuous middle-high to continuous middle value. The water depth changed from shallow to deep to less deep.The Shenhu uplift changed from partly exposed to entirely being covered. The ancient pearl river delta and the deltas from Hainan uplift-Yuegui uplift are the main sedimentary systems in S50-S60 and S41-S50 succession. The ancient pearl river delta changed from big,middle to small in scale,and the deltas from Hainan uplift-Yuegui uplift changed from similar big in early 2 stages to small or disappeared in scale from S50-S60 to S40-S41 sequence. Neritic facies expanded rapidly,as bathyal facies kept basically unchanged.
引文
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[10]李才,尤丽,朱继田,等.神狐隆起珠江组一段下钙质层分布特点及主控因素[J].东北石油大学学报,2014,38(1):37-45.LI Cai,YOU Li,ZHU Ji-tian,et al. Distribution and controlling factors of calcareous layer on the lower section of the first member of Zhujiang Formation in Shenhu uplift[J]. Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2014,38(1):37-45.
[11]侯明才,邓敏,施和生,等.珠江口盆地早中新世碳酸盐岩生长发育、消亡的历程与受控因素[J].岩石学报,2017,33(4):1257-1271.HOU Ming-cai,DENG Min,SHI He-sheng,et al. The process of growth,development and extinction of the Early Miocene carbonate rocks and controlling factors in the Pearl River Mouth Basin[J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica,2017,33(4):1257-1271.
[12]李俊良,王海荣,张建新,等.珠江口盆地西部珠江组潮流砂脊的分布、形态和水动力机制[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(5):671-677.LI Jun-liang,WANG Hai-rong,ZHANG Jian-xin,et al.Distribution,geometry and hydrodynamic mechanism of tidal sand ridges in the Zhujiang Formation,the western Zhujiangkou Basin[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2010,31(5):671-677.
[13]张迎朝,陈志宏,李绪深,等.珠江口盆地文昌B凹陷及周边油气成藏特征与有利勘探领域[J].石油实验地质,2011,33(3):297-302.ZHANG Ying-zhao,CHEN Zhi-hong,LI Xu-shen,et al. Petroleum accumulation characteristics and favorable exploration directions in Wenchang B Sag and its surrounding areas,Pearl River Mouth Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2011,33(3):297-302.
[2]张迎朝.珠江口盆地西部南断裂带油气成藏特征与成藏模式[J].石油地球物理勘探,2012,47(5):786-794.ZHANG Ying-zhao. Hydrocarbon pooling characteristics and pooling patterns in the south fault belt,West Pearl River Mouth Basin[J]. Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2012,47(5):786-794.
[3]陈维涛,施和生,杜家元,等.珠江口盆地陆架坡折区地层岩性圈闭形成条件及发育模式:以珠江组地层为例[J].石油实验地质,2016,38(5):619-627.CHEN Wei-tao,SHI He-sheng,DU Jia-yuan,et al. Formation conditions and development model of stratigraphiclithologic traps in shelf break zone,Pearl River Mouth Basin:Zhujiang Formation as an example[J]. Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2016,38(5):619-627.
[4]李珊珊,彭松,邓勇,等.珠江口盆地西部文昌H区晚渐新世—早中新世早期沉积相及储层展布规律[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2015,35(5):103-110.LI Shan-shan,PENG Song,DENG Yong,et al. Upper Oligocene-early Lower Miocene sedimentary facies and reservoir distribution pattern in Wenchang H zone in the western Pearl River Mouth Basin[J]. Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology,2015,35(5):103-110.
[5]徐勇,陈国俊,马明,等.珠江口盆地白云凹陷晚渐新统—早中新统沉积特征及演化规律[J].煤田地质与勘探,2016,44(3):1-9.XU Yong,CHEN Guo-jun,MA Ming,et al. Sedimentary characteristic and evolution of Late Oligocene to Early Miocene in Baiyun depression,Pearl River Mouth Basin[J]. Coal Geology&Exploration,2016,44(3):1-9.
[6]王振峰,裴健翔,郝德峰,等.莺-琼盆地中新统大型重力流储集体发育条件、沉积特征及天然气勘探有利方向[J].中国海上油气,2015,27(4):13-21.WANG Zhen-feng,PEI Jian-xiang,HAO De-feng,et al.Development conditions, sedimentary characteristics of Miocene large gravity flow reservoirs and the favorable gas exploration directions in Ying-Qiong Basin[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas,2015,27(4):13-21.
[7]张迎朝,朱伟林,高阳东.珠江口盆地琼海凸起断裂调整聚集成藏模式[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2015,37(5):55-63.ZHANG Ying-zhao, ZHU Wei-lin, GAO Yang-dong.Late fault adjustment and late accumulation pool-forming model in Qionghai uplift,Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition),2015,37(5):55-63.
[8]昌建波,邹晓萍,余国达,等.珠江口盆地惠州凹陷南部珠江组混合沉积作用[J].海相油气地质,2017,22(4):19-26.CHANG Jian-bo,ZOU Xiao-ping,YU Guo-da,et al.Mixed clastic and carbonate deposits of Zhujiang Formation in the southern Huizhou Depression,Zhujiangkou Basin[J]. Marine Origin Petroleum Geology,2017,22(4):19-26.
[9]陈金定,周晓林,钟国楼,等.琼海凸起珠江组砂岩钙质层成岩模式探讨[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2011,33(4):27-32.CHEN Jin-ding,ZHOU Xiao-lin,ZHONG Guo-lou,et al. The diagenetic model for sandstone calcareous layers of Zhujiang Formation in Qionghai Bulge[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition),2011,33(4):27-32.
[10]李才,尤丽,朱继田,等.神狐隆起珠江组一段下钙质层分布特点及主控因素[J].东北石油大学学报,2014,38(1):37-45.LI Cai,YOU Li,ZHU Ji-tian,et al. Distribution and controlling factors of calcareous layer on the lower section of the first member of Zhujiang Formation in Shenhu uplift[J]. Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2014,38(1):37-45.
[11]侯明才,邓敏,施和生,等.珠江口盆地早中新世碳酸盐岩生长发育、消亡的历程与受控因素[J].岩石学报,2017,33(4):1257-1271.HOU Ming-cai,DENG Min,SHI He-sheng,et al. The process of growth,development and extinction of the Early Miocene carbonate rocks and controlling factors in the Pearl River Mouth Basin[J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica,2017,33(4):1257-1271.
[12]李俊良,王海荣,张建新,等.珠江口盆地西部珠江组潮流砂脊的分布、形态和水动力机制[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(5):671-677.LI Jun-liang,WANG Hai-rong,ZHANG Jian-xin,et al.Distribution,geometry and hydrodynamic mechanism of tidal sand ridges in the Zhujiang Formation,the western Zhujiangkou Basin[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2010,31(5):671-677.
[13]张迎朝,陈志宏,李绪深,等.珠江口盆地文昌B凹陷及周边油气成藏特征与有利勘探领域[J].石油实验地质,2011,33(3):297-302.ZHANG Ying-zhao,CHEN Zhi-hong,LI Xu-shen,et al. Petroleum accumulation characteristics and favorable exploration directions in Wenchang B Sag and its surrounding areas,Pearl River Mouth Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2011,33(3):297-302.