基于数字图像处理技术的砂土颗粒级配分析研究
|
摘要
砂土颗粒级配是影响砂土工程性质的重要参数之一,传统的颗分试验方法由于试验原理不同而具有不同的适用范围。为更加方便、准确地获取砂土颗粒级配,提出了一种基于数字图像处理技术来获取SEM照片中的砂颗粒粒径参数及级配特征的新方法。将准备好的砂土样品打磨成薄片放在扫描电镜下拍照,然后利用Photoshop软件对照片进行拼接,并采用自主研发的SMAS数字图像分析系统对拼接好的照片进行定量分析处理,获取样品的微观结构参数,将获得的"土颗粒等效直径"和"土颗粒面积"分别等效为实际土颗粒粒径和土颗粒质量,进而换算得到砂土的颗粒级配曲线;然后将通过数字图像技术获得的砂土颗粒级配曲线与通过传统筛分法和激光粒度分析法得到的颗粒级配曲线进行对比,验证了提出的数字图像处理方法的有效性和可靠性,同时分析了两种方法之间存在的差异及其原因,并对数字图像处理方法和传统颗分方法各自的优缺点进行了讨论。
Sand particle grading is one of the important parameters affecting the engineering properties of sand. The traditional grain size analysis methods have different application range due to different test principles. In order to obtain sand particle gradation more conveniently and accurately, a new method based on digital image processing technology to obtain sand particle size parameters and grading characteristics in SEM photographs is proposed. The prepared sand samples are polished into thin slices and photographed under a scanning electron microscope. Then the photos are stitched by Photoshop software, and the self-developed SMAS digital image analysis system is used to quantitatively analyze the stitched photo to obtain the stuctural parameters of microscopic samples. The obtained"equivalent diameter of soil particles"and"area of soil particles"are respectively equivalent to the actual soil particle size and soil particle quality, which can be converted to the particle gradation curve of sand. The obtained sand particle gradation curve is compared with the particle grading curve obtained by the traditional sieving method and laser particle size analysis method. The validity and reliability of the proposed digital image processing method are verified. The differences between digital image processing methods and traditional grain size analysis methods are analyzed, and their advantages as well as disadvantages are discussed.
Sand particle grading is one of the important parameters affecting the engineering properties of sand. The traditional grain size analysis methods have different application range due to different test principles. In order to obtain sand particle gradation more conveniently and accurately, a new method based on digital image processing technology to obtain sand particle size parameters and grading characteristics in SEM photographs is proposed. The prepared sand samples are polished into thin slices and photographed under a scanning electron microscope. Then the photos are stitched by Photoshop software, and the self-developed SMAS digital image analysis system is used to quantitatively analyze the stitched photo to obtain the stuctural parameters of microscopic samples. The obtained"equivalent diameter of soil particles"and"area of soil particles"are respectively equivalent to the actual soil particle size and soil particle quality, which can be converted to the particle gradation curve of sand. The obtained sand particle gradation curve is compared with the particle grading curve obtained by the traditional sieving method and laser particle size analysis method. The validity and reliability of the proposed digital image processing method are verified. The differences between digital image processing methods and traditional grain size analysis methods are analyzed, and their advantages as well as disadvantages are discussed.
引文
柴寿喜,王沛,魏丽,等.2007.土样真空冷冻升华干燥仪研制中的一些问题[J].工程勘察,(2):6-9.
陈秀法,冯秀丽,刘冬雁,等.2002.激光粒度分析与传统粒度分析方法相关对比[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),32(4):608-614.
程鹏,高抒,李徐生.2001.激光粒度仪测试结果及其与沉降法、筛析法的比较[J].沉积学报,19(3):449-455.
李文凯,吴玉新,黄志民,等.2007.激光粒度分析和筛分法测粒径分布的比较[J].中国粉体技术,13(5):10-13.
李元海,朱合华,上野胜利,等.2004.基于图像相关分析的砂土模型试验变形场量测[J].岩土工程学报,26(1):36-41.
刘清秉,项伟,Budhu M,等.2011.砂土颗粒形状量化及其对力学指标的影响分析[J].岩土力学,32(1):190-197.
隋修武,李瑶,胡秀兵,等.2016.激光粒度分析仪的关键技术及研究进展[J].电子测量与仪器学报,30(10):1449-1459.
孙惠凤,曹成林,宋玉鹏.2015.激光粒型分析法在砂质沉积物粒度分析中的应用[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,35(2):185-192.
唐朝生,施斌,王宝军.2008.基于SEM土体微观结构研究中的影响因素分析[J].岩土工程学报,30(4):560-565.
唐大雄,刘佑荣,张文殊,等.1999.工程岩土学[M].北京:地质出版社:6-77.
涂新斌,王思敬.2004.图像分析的颗粒形状参数描述[J].岩土工程学报,26(5):659-662.
万成,徐科,张肖宁,等.2016.基于彩色数字图像技术的级配颗粒均匀度评价方法[J].广西大学学报(自然科学版),41(6):1772-1778.
江海年,郝培文,庞立果,等.2007.基于数字图像处理技术的粗集料级配特征[J].华南理工大学学报(自然科学版),35(11):54-5.
魏家有,高书存,兰孝龙.2010.土微观结构的研究综述[J].林业科技情报,42(3):120-123.
徐还.1987.泥沙颗分方法的比较和粒径计法颗分结果的改正[J].泥沙研究,(4):89-94.
杨铁笙,詹秀玲,庞东明,等.1999.图像处理技术用于泥沙颗粒分析的研究[J].中国粉体技术,5(6):13-19.
张嘎,张建民,梁东方.2005.土与结构接触面试验中的土颗粒细观运动测量[J].岩土工程学报,27(8):903-907.
中华人民共和国国家标准.1999.土工试验方法标准[M].北京:中国计划出版社.
Agrawal Y C,Mccave I N and Riley J B.1991.Laser diffraction size analysis[C]//Syvitski J P M,ed.Principles,methods and application of particle size analysis.Cambridge University Press:New York:119-128.
Al-Shibli K,Macari E and Sture S.1996.Digital imaging techniques for assessment of homogeneity of granular materials[J].Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board,1526(1):121-128.
Jonasz M.1991.Size,shape,composition and structure of microparticles from light scattering[C]//Syvitski J P M,ed.Principles,methods and application of particle size analysis.Cambridge University Press,New York,143-162.
Rafael C G and Richard E W.2002.Digital Image Processing(2nd Edition)[M].New York:Prentice Hall.
Tovey N K.2011.A digital computer technique for orientation analysis of micrographs of soil fabric[J].Journal of Mic roscopy,120(3):303-3 15.
Tovey N K and Krinsley D H.1992.Mapping of the orientation of fine grained mineral in soil and sediments[J].Bullet in IAEG,46:93-101.
陈秀法,冯秀丽,刘冬雁,等.2002.激光粒度分析与传统粒度分析方法相关对比[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),32(4):608-614.
程鹏,高抒,李徐生.2001.激光粒度仪测试结果及其与沉降法、筛析法的比较[J].沉积学报,19(3):449-455.
李文凯,吴玉新,黄志民,等.2007.激光粒度分析和筛分法测粒径分布的比较[J].中国粉体技术,13(5):10-13.
李元海,朱合华,上野胜利,等.2004.基于图像相关分析的砂土模型试验变形场量测[J].岩土工程学报,26(1):36-41.
刘清秉,项伟,Budhu M,等.2011.砂土颗粒形状量化及其对力学指标的影响分析[J].岩土力学,32(1):190-197.
隋修武,李瑶,胡秀兵,等.2016.激光粒度分析仪的关键技术及研究进展[J].电子测量与仪器学报,30(10):1449-1459.
孙惠凤,曹成林,宋玉鹏.2015.激光粒型分析法在砂质沉积物粒度分析中的应用[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,35(2):185-192.
唐朝生,施斌,王宝军.2008.基于SEM土体微观结构研究中的影响因素分析[J].岩土工程学报,30(4):560-565.
唐大雄,刘佑荣,张文殊,等.1999.工程岩土学[M].北京:地质出版社:6-77.
涂新斌,王思敬.2004.图像分析的颗粒形状参数描述[J].岩土工程学报,26(5):659-662.
万成,徐科,张肖宁,等.2016.基于彩色数字图像技术的级配颗粒均匀度评价方法[J].广西大学学报(自然科学版),41(6):1772-1778.
江海年,郝培文,庞立果,等.2007.基于数字图像处理技术的粗集料级配特征[J].华南理工大学学报(自然科学版),35(11):54-5.
魏家有,高书存,兰孝龙.2010.土微观结构的研究综述[J].林业科技情报,42(3):120-123.
徐还.1987.泥沙颗分方法的比较和粒径计法颗分结果的改正[J].泥沙研究,(4):89-94.
杨铁笙,詹秀玲,庞东明,等.1999.图像处理技术用于泥沙颗粒分析的研究[J].中国粉体技术,5(6):13-19.
张嘎,张建民,梁东方.2005.土与结构接触面试验中的土颗粒细观运动测量[J].岩土工程学报,27(8):903-907.
中华人民共和国国家标准.1999.土工试验方法标准[M].北京:中国计划出版社.
Agrawal Y C,Mccave I N and Riley J B.1991.Laser diffraction size analysis[C]//Syvitski J P M,ed.Principles,methods and application of particle size analysis.Cambridge University Press:New York:119-128.
Al-Shibli K,Macari E and Sture S.1996.Digital imaging techniques for assessment of homogeneity of granular materials[J].Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board,1526(1):121-128.
Jonasz M.1991.Size,shape,composition and structure of microparticles from light scattering[C]//Syvitski J P M,ed.Principles,methods and application of particle size analysis.Cambridge University Press,New York,143-162.
Rafael C G and Richard E W.2002.Digital Image Processing(2nd Edition)[M].New York:Prentice Hall.
Tovey N K.2011.A digital computer technique for orientation analysis of micrographs of soil fabric[J].Journal of Mic roscopy,120(3):303-3 15.
Tovey N K and Krinsley D H.1992.Mapping of the orientation of fine grained mineral in soil and sediments[J].Bullet in IAEG,46:93-101.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |