CO_2作垫层气时储气库敏感性参数分析
|
摘要
天然气地下储气库在能源结构调整及天然气的调峰中起着决定性的作用。用CO_2作储气库垫层气既可实现碳的地质埋存,又可提高天然气采收率,节约资金。在储气库注采运行过程中,储气库储层压力、流体饱和度等会发生周期性变化,流体渗流能力不断变化,作垫层气的CO_2气体与天然气的混气问题将不可避免。为指导储气库最优运行控制,必须研究垫层气与天然气混气现象的生成与发展,分析其主要影响参数及影响方式。采用数值模拟方法建立储气库机理模型,对垫层气注入方式、注入比例、储层渗透率等主要因素对垫层气与天然气的影响进行分析。结果表明,垫层气注入量、混气压力、注采速度等因素对混气有着明显的影响。研究结果对于储气库的最优运行控制,避免过度混气,影响采出气质量具有指导意义。
Natural gas is a kind of national strategic resource,so underground gas storage is significant for the guarantee of national economic development and national energy security. Using CO_2 as cushion gas of gas storage is beneficial to CO_2 geological sequestration,enhance natural gas recovery and conserve resources. But the mixture of CO_2 and natural gas is inevitable. In this study,the inert gas mixing problem is investigated in storage reservoirs by using a reservoir simulator based on the equation of state. The degree of mixing between the two dissimilar gases was found by the amount of inert cushion that is produced along with the withdrawn gas. Reservoir parameters like the volume of inert,porosity,permeability,pressure and temperature were varied to study their effect on mixing. This paper studies the sensitivity of the mixing between CO_2 and natural gas by numerical simulation,finds out the main factors influencing the mixing,proves the great influence of dynamic injection-production on mixing. It's shown that it's better to inject cushion gas from the side of reservoirs.
Natural gas is a kind of national strategic resource,so underground gas storage is significant for the guarantee of national economic development and national energy security. Using CO_2 as cushion gas of gas storage is beneficial to CO_2 geological sequestration,enhance natural gas recovery and conserve resources. But the mixture of CO_2 and natural gas is inevitable. In this study,the inert gas mixing problem is investigated in storage reservoirs by using a reservoir simulator based on the equation of state. The degree of mixing between the two dissimilar gases was found by the amount of inert cushion that is produced along with the withdrawn gas. Reservoir parameters like the volume of inert,porosity,permeability,pressure and temperature were varied to study their effect on mixing. This paper studies the sensitivity of the mixing between CO_2 and natural gas by numerical simulation,finds out the main factors influencing the mixing,proves the great influence of dynamic injection-production on mixing. It's shown that it's better to inject cushion gas from the side of reservoirs.
引文
[1]张新安,张迎新.让天然气在国家能源安全中发挥更大作用(一)---中国天然气资源战略研究[J].国土资源情报,2007,13(9):1-6.Zhang Xin’an,Zhang Yingxin.Let Natural Gas Play a Greater Role in National Energy Security-Strategic Research on China’s Natural Gas Resources[J].Land and Resources Information,2007,13(9):1-6.
[2]陆阶明.城市供气的调峰储气设施---地下储气库[J].城市公用事业,2004,18(4):30-31.Lu Jieming.Peak Shaving Storage Facilities for Town Gas Supply-The Underground Storage Reservoirs[J].Public Utilities,2004,18(4):30-31.
[3]Katz D L,Tek M R.Overview on Underground Storage of Natural Gas[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,1981,33(6):943-951.
[4]李建中,李海平.建设地下储气库,保障“西气东输”供气系统安全[J].能源安全,2003,11(6):26-28.Li Jianzhong,Li Haiping.Establish an Underground Gas Storage Depot to Guarantee the Security of Gas Supply in the West-East Gas Pipeline Project[J].International Petroleum Economics Monthly,2003,11(6):26-28.
[5]布齐诺夫.地下储气库是保障安全供气的一种基本手段[J].石油规划设计,2002,13(2):6-8.БузиновСН.A Fundamental Measure to Ensure Safety Gas Supply-The Underground Gas Storage[J].Petroleum Planning&Engineering,2002,13(2):6-8.
[6]孙军昌,胥洪成,王皆明,等.气藏型地下储气库建库注采机理与评价关键技术[J].天然气工业,2018,38(4):138-144.Sun Junchang,Xu Hongcheng,Wang Jiemin,et al.Injection-Production Mechanisms and Key Evaluation Technologies for Underground Gas Storages Rebuilt from Gas Reservoirs[J].Natural Gas Industry,2018,38(4):138-144.
[7]郑得文,胥洪成,王皆明,等.气藏型储气库建库评价关键技术[J].石油勘探与开发,2017,44(5):794-801.Zheng Dewen,Xu Hongcheng,Wang Jiemin,et al.Key Evaluation Techniques in the Process of Gas Reservoir Being Converted into Underground Gas Storage[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2017,44(5):794-801.
[8]Perkins T K,Johnston O C.A Review of Diffusion and Dispersion in Porous Media[J].Society of Petroleum Engineers Journal,1963,3(1):70-84.
[9]Kilincer N,Fevzi G U.A Numerical Simulation Study on Mixing of Inert Cushion Gas with Working Gas in an Underground Gas Storage Reservoir[J].Energy Sources,2000,22(10):869-879.
[10]Garder A O,Peaceman D W,Pozzi A L.Numerical Calculation of Multidimensional Miscible Displacement by the Method of Characteristics[J].Society of Petroleum Engineers Journal,1964,4(1):26-36.
[11]Koide H,Tazaki Y,Noguchi Y,et al.Subterranean Containment and Long-Term Storage of Carbon Dioxide in Unused Aquifers and in Depleted Natural Gas Reservoirs[J].Energy Conversion&Management,1992,33(5-8):619-626.
[12]李国韬,宋桂华,张军,等.利用CO2作为地下储气库垫底气的理论探讨[J].天然气勘探与开发,2008,31(2):61-63.Li Guotao,Song Guihua,Zhang Jun,et al.Theoretical Discussion of Carbon Dioxide as Cushion Gas for Underground Gas Storage Tank[J].Natural Gas Exploration and Development,2008,31(2):61-63.
[13]Oldenburg C M.Carbon Dioxide as Cushion Gas for Natural Gas Storage[J].Energy&Fuels,2003,17(1):240-246.
[14]谭羽非,展长虹,曹琳,等.用CO2作垫层气的混气机理及运行控制的可行性[J].天然气工业,2005,25(12):105-107.Tan Yufei,Zhan Changhong,Cao Lin,et al.Gas Mixing Mechanism Taking CO2as Cushion Gas and Feasibility of Operation Control[J].Natural Gas Industry,2005,25(12):105-107.
[15]王玉洁.枯竭型储气库CO2作垫层气的可行性研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2014:60-63.Wang Yujie.Feasibility Study on CO2as a Cushion Gas in Exhausted Gas Storage[D].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,2014:60-63.
[16]胡书勇,李勇凯,王梓蔚,等.枯竭油气藏型储气库用CO2作垫层气的研究现状与展望[J].油气储运,2016,35(2):130-139.Hu Shuyong,Li Yongkai,Wang Ziwei,et al.Research Status and Prospect of Depleted Oil-Gas Reservoir Storage Using CO2as the Cushion Gas[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2016,35(2):130-139.
[17]谭羽非,曹琳,林涛.CO2作天然气地下储气库垫层气的可行性分析[J].油气储运,2006,25(3):12-14.Tan Yufei,Cao Lin,Lin Tao.Feasibility Analysis About Carbon Dioxide as Cushion Gas for Natural Gas Storage[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2006,25(3):12-14.
[18]谭羽非,陈家新.天然气地下储气库垫层气与工作气混合的模拟研究[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2001,33(4):546-549.Tan Yufei,Chen Jiaxin.Simulation Research of Mixing Problem to the Cushion Gas and Work Gas[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2001,33(4):546-549.
[19]陈维.超临界流体萃取的原理和应用[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1998:70-71.Chen Wei.Principle and Application of Supercritical Fluid Extraction[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,1998:70-71.
[20]李娟娟.含水层型地下储气库惰性气体作垫层气的模拟研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2006.Li Juanjuan.Simulation Research of Use of Inert Cushion Gas in Underground Gas Storage Reservoir in Aquifer[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2006.
[2]陆阶明.城市供气的调峰储气设施---地下储气库[J].城市公用事业,2004,18(4):30-31.Lu Jieming.Peak Shaving Storage Facilities for Town Gas Supply-The Underground Storage Reservoirs[J].Public Utilities,2004,18(4):30-31.
[3]Katz D L,Tek M R.Overview on Underground Storage of Natural Gas[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,1981,33(6):943-951.
[4]李建中,李海平.建设地下储气库,保障“西气东输”供气系统安全[J].能源安全,2003,11(6):26-28.Li Jianzhong,Li Haiping.Establish an Underground Gas Storage Depot to Guarantee the Security of Gas Supply in the West-East Gas Pipeline Project[J].International Petroleum Economics Monthly,2003,11(6):26-28.
[5]布齐诺夫.地下储气库是保障安全供气的一种基本手段[J].石油规划设计,2002,13(2):6-8.БузиновСН.A Fundamental Measure to Ensure Safety Gas Supply-The Underground Gas Storage[J].Petroleum Planning&Engineering,2002,13(2):6-8.
[6]孙军昌,胥洪成,王皆明,等.气藏型地下储气库建库注采机理与评价关键技术[J].天然气工业,2018,38(4):138-144.Sun Junchang,Xu Hongcheng,Wang Jiemin,et al.Injection-Production Mechanisms and Key Evaluation Technologies for Underground Gas Storages Rebuilt from Gas Reservoirs[J].Natural Gas Industry,2018,38(4):138-144.
[7]郑得文,胥洪成,王皆明,等.气藏型储气库建库评价关键技术[J].石油勘探与开发,2017,44(5):794-801.Zheng Dewen,Xu Hongcheng,Wang Jiemin,et al.Key Evaluation Techniques in the Process of Gas Reservoir Being Converted into Underground Gas Storage[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2017,44(5):794-801.
[8]Perkins T K,Johnston O C.A Review of Diffusion and Dispersion in Porous Media[J].Society of Petroleum Engineers Journal,1963,3(1):70-84.
[9]Kilincer N,Fevzi G U.A Numerical Simulation Study on Mixing of Inert Cushion Gas with Working Gas in an Underground Gas Storage Reservoir[J].Energy Sources,2000,22(10):869-879.
[10]Garder A O,Peaceman D W,Pozzi A L.Numerical Calculation of Multidimensional Miscible Displacement by the Method of Characteristics[J].Society of Petroleum Engineers Journal,1964,4(1):26-36.
[11]Koide H,Tazaki Y,Noguchi Y,et al.Subterranean Containment and Long-Term Storage of Carbon Dioxide in Unused Aquifers and in Depleted Natural Gas Reservoirs[J].Energy Conversion&Management,1992,33(5-8):619-626.
[12]李国韬,宋桂华,张军,等.利用CO2作为地下储气库垫底气的理论探讨[J].天然气勘探与开发,2008,31(2):61-63.Li Guotao,Song Guihua,Zhang Jun,et al.Theoretical Discussion of Carbon Dioxide as Cushion Gas for Underground Gas Storage Tank[J].Natural Gas Exploration and Development,2008,31(2):61-63.
[13]Oldenburg C M.Carbon Dioxide as Cushion Gas for Natural Gas Storage[J].Energy&Fuels,2003,17(1):240-246.
[14]谭羽非,展长虹,曹琳,等.用CO2作垫层气的混气机理及运行控制的可行性[J].天然气工业,2005,25(12):105-107.Tan Yufei,Zhan Changhong,Cao Lin,et al.Gas Mixing Mechanism Taking CO2as Cushion Gas and Feasibility of Operation Control[J].Natural Gas Industry,2005,25(12):105-107.
[15]王玉洁.枯竭型储气库CO2作垫层气的可行性研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2014:60-63.Wang Yujie.Feasibility Study on CO2as a Cushion Gas in Exhausted Gas Storage[D].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,2014:60-63.
[16]胡书勇,李勇凯,王梓蔚,等.枯竭油气藏型储气库用CO2作垫层气的研究现状与展望[J].油气储运,2016,35(2):130-139.Hu Shuyong,Li Yongkai,Wang Ziwei,et al.Research Status and Prospect of Depleted Oil-Gas Reservoir Storage Using CO2as the Cushion Gas[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2016,35(2):130-139.
[17]谭羽非,曹琳,林涛.CO2作天然气地下储气库垫层气的可行性分析[J].油气储运,2006,25(3):12-14.Tan Yufei,Cao Lin,Lin Tao.Feasibility Analysis About Carbon Dioxide as Cushion Gas for Natural Gas Storage[J].Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation,2006,25(3):12-14.
[18]谭羽非,陈家新.天然气地下储气库垫层气与工作气混合的模拟研究[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2001,33(4):546-549.Tan Yufei,Chen Jiaxin.Simulation Research of Mixing Problem to the Cushion Gas and Work Gas[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2001,33(4):546-549.
[19]陈维.超临界流体萃取的原理和应用[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1998:70-71.Chen Wei.Principle and Application of Supercritical Fluid Extraction[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,1998:70-71.
[20]李娟娟.含水层型地下储气库惰性气体作垫层气的模拟研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2006.Li Juanjuan.Simulation Research of Use of Inert Cushion Gas in Underground Gas Storage Reservoir in Aquifer[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2006.