空间的力量:广场舞的社会文化意义与地方认同效应
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摘要
广场不仅是健身与娱乐空间,更是具有丰富的社会文化涵义的社会空间。从空间生产与地方认同的视角入手,基于3个广州广场舞社区的案例研究,揭示广场舞对不同群体(本地人和外地人)的不同社会意义以及广场舞对地方与身份认同的影响,研究发现:①对本地人而言,广场舞具有再造社会主义集体生活与关系的功能,广场发挥了类似单位社区的作用;对外地移民而言,广场舞有助于重建因迁移而断裂的社会关系网络,广场具有类似乡村社区的功能;②类单位社区和类乡村社区的构建,一定程度上增进了居民的身份认同和地方认同;③广场舞群体的身份认同和地方认同的强化,进一步为自治性社区能力建设提供了可能性。
As a social phenomenon, square dancing has emerged around the world, marking the booming development of public private life. The existing research on square dancing focused on the social survey of square dancers in different cities and regions, the spatial tension and social conflict caused by square dancing, and strategies to guide the healthy development of square dancing. It was rare to study the social and cultural implications of square dancing and its spatial practice from the perspective of social geography. Secondly, relevant studies in a certain sense homogenized the social effects of square dancing. In fact, from the composition of square dancers, square dancing had a huge difference in the construction significance between local people and floating population, which made it vitally necessary to conduct indepth discussion. In addition, square dancing highly affected the residents' own identity and the identity of their city and community where they lived and stayed. Systematic research on the relationship between square dancing and group identity as well as local identity was extremely rare. Based on this, this study, from the theoretical perspective of production of space and identity of place, by the method of questionnaire and depth interview on Guangzhou's three typical square dancing communities, focused on two core issues, namely, "different significances of square dancing to local people and floating population" and "square dancing's shaping process of self-identity and place identity", and analyzed the social and cultural implications of square dancing. We found that square dancing is not only a fitness and entertainment space, but also a social space with social and cultural meanings. Research findings included:(1) As a way of life and a kind of physical practice, square dancing was gradually changing self-identity of square dancers;(2) Square dancing had different meanings for different groups. For the locals, square dance remade socialist collective life and interrelationship of social space, alleviated the negative effect led by decayed and dissolved unit community. For foreign immigrants, square dancing accelerated local reconstruction of adaptation and social relations, and played vital significance of reshaping local community in their hometown.(3) As an incubator of social relations, square dancing spawned many adjunctive spaces which could reproduce social capital.(4) Square dancing enhanced selfidentity and local identity of residents, and provided possibilities for building autonomous communities. The study provided a basis for understanding the transformation of public private life, promoting "people-oriented" urbanization, and consolidating social construction and community development.
As a social phenomenon, square dancing has emerged around the world, marking the booming development of public private life. The existing research on square dancing focused on the social survey of square dancers in different cities and regions, the spatial tension and social conflict caused by square dancing, and strategies to guide the healthy development of square dancing. It was rare to study the social and cultural implications of square dancing and its spatial practice from the perspective of social geography. Secondly, relevant studies in a certain sense homogenized the social effects of square dancing. In fact, from the composition of square dancers, square dancing had a huge difference in the construction significance between local people and floating population, which made it vitally necessary to conduct indepth discussion. In addition, square dancing highly affected the residents' own identity and the identity of their city and community where they lived and stayed. Systematic research on the relationship between square dancing and group identity as well as local identity was extremely rare. Based on this, this study, from the theoretical perspective of production of space and identity of place, by the method of questionnaire and depth interview on Guangzhou's three typical square dancing communities, focused on two core issues, namely, "different significances of square dancing to local people and floating population" and "square dancing's shaping process of self-identity and place identity", and analyzed the social and cultural implications of square dancing. We found that square dancing is not only a fitness and entertainment space, but also a social space with social and cultural meanings. Research findings included:(1) As a way of life and a kind of physical practice, square dancing was gradually changing self-identity of square dancers;(2) Square dancing had different meanings for different groups. For the locals, square dance remade socialist collective life and interrelationship of social space, alleviated the negative effect led by decayed and dissolved unit community. For foreign immigrants, square dancing accelerated local reconstruction of adaptation and social relations, and played vital significance of reshaping local community in their hometown.(3) As an incubator of social relations, square dancing spawned many adjunctive spaces which could reproduce social capital.(4) Square dancing enhanced selfidentity and local identity of residents, and provided possibilities for building autonomous communities. The study provided a basis for understanding the transformation of public private life, promoting "people-oriented" urbanization, and consolidating social construction and community development.
引文
[1]刘星.洛阳市广场舞开展现状及对策研究.上海:上海师范大学硕士学位论文,2013.[Liu Xing.Current situation and suggestions in Luoyang.Shanghai:Master Dissertation of Shanghai Normal University,2013.]
[2]王兆征,胡生贵.南昌市广场舞开展现状调查与分析.福建体育科技,2013,32(5):15-19.[Wang Zhaozheng,Hu Shenggui.The investigation and snalysis on current developing situation of square dance in Nanchang city.Fujian Sports Science and Technology,2013,32(5):15-19.]
[3]邸晓伟.山西省中老年妇女广场舞现状调查与研究.体育论坛,2013,5(5):26-30.[Di Xiaowei.Investigation and study of the present situations of middle-aged and old women square dance in Shanxi province.Sport Forum,2013,5(5):26-30.]
[4]代敏.武汉市主城区中老年人广场舞开展现状调查与分析研究.武汉:华中师范大学硕士学位论文,2011.[Dai Min.Research on current situation and countermeasures of mid-and-old age's square dance in Wuhan.Wuhan:Master Dissertation of Central China Normal University,2011.]
[5]林慧敏,保继刚.城市广场舞休闲研究.旅游学科,2016,31(4):6-19.[Lin Minhui,Bao Jigang.Research on'carnivalesque dancing'.Tourism Tribune,2016,31(6):6-19.]
[6]曹志刚,蔡思敏.公共性、公共空间与集体消费视野中的社区广场舞.城市问题,2016,22(4):96-104.[Cao Zhigang,Cai Simin.Carnivalesque dancing in publicity,public space and collective consumption.Urban Problems,2016,22(4):96-104.]
[7]刘成.城市大众健身“广场舞噪音扰民”事件归因及对策研究.体育科技文献通报,2017,25(5):113-116.[Liu Cheng.Research on the reasons and countermeasures of"square dance music trouble residents"incident in urban areas.Bulletin of Sport Science and Technology,2017,25(5):113-116.]
[8]赵军辉,唐炎.全民健身的现实问题与发展建议.体育学刊,2015,22(1):45-51.[Zhao Junhui,Tang Yan.Realistic problems in and development suggestions for national fitness.Journal of Physical Education,2015,22(1):45-51.]
[9]崔金海,蔡芳馨.社区广场舞相关问题及对策研究.人口与社会,2015,31(3):67-77.[Cui Jinhai,Cai Fangxin.Problems and suggestions for square dancers in community.Population and Society,2015,31(3):67-77.]
[10]陈桥.社区体育运动开展中权利冲突的法律调整.体育与科学,2015,36(1):96-102.[Chen Qiao.Legal adjustment of the right disputes in community sports.Journal of Spoorts and Science,2015,36(1):96-102.]
[11]孙海艳.广场舞对锻炼者生活质量的影响.四川体育科学,2013,8(4):106-108.[Sun Haiyan.Effects of the quality of life of square dance exercise.Sichuan Sports Science,2013,8(4):106-108.]
[12]刘建宇,向家俊,魏星临.广场舞对绝经后妇女骨密度、血清雌激素及平衡能力的影响.中国体育科技,2014,50(2):78-82.[Liu Jianyu,Xiang Jiajun,Wei Xinglin.Effects of square dance on bone mineral density,estrogen and ballance ability of postmenopausal women.China Sport Science and Technology,2014,50(2):78-82.]
[13]张阳,游永豪,刘宝林.广场舞与健步走锻炼对中老年女性静态平衡能力的对比研究.北京体育大学学报,2017,40(1):46-51.[Zhang Yang,You Yonghao,Liu Baolin.Research of square dance and fitness walking exercise on static balance ability in middle-aged and older women.Journal of Beijing Sport University,2017,40(1):46-51.]
[14]张国猛,郭亚超.全民健身广场舞对社区2型糖尿病患者血糖相关指标影响的研究.南京体育学院学报:自然科学版,2012,11(5):34-38.[Zhang Guomeng,Guo Yachao.National fitness square dance on the impact of community patients with type 2 diabetes blood sugar-related indicators.Journal of Nanjing Institute of Physical Education:Natural Science,2012,11(5):34-38.]
[15]Lefebvre H.The Production of Space.Oxford:Blackwell,1991,141-145.
[16]Yifu T.Space and Place:Humanistic Perspective.Springer,1979.
[17]李志刚,薛德升,杜枫,等.全球化下“跨国移民社会空间”的地方响应:以广州小北黑人区为例.地理研究,2009,28(4):920-932.[Li zhigang,Xue Desheng,Du Feng,et al.The local response of transnational social space under globalization in urban China:A case study of African enclave in Guangzhou.Geographical Research,2009,28(4):920-932.]
[18]冯健,王永海.中关村高校周边居住区社会空间特征及其形成机制.地理研究,2008,27(5):1003-1016.[Feng Jian,Wang Yonghai.The characteristics and their mechanisms of social space in the peripheral communities of campus in Zhongguancun.Geographical Research,2008,27(5):1003-1016.]
[19]黄耿志,薛德升,谢妍翰.非正规就业:女性人力资本积累的一种方式:以广州芳村茶叶市场茶艺表演业为例.地理研究,2011,30(4):699-708.[Huang Gengzhi,Xue Desheng,Xie Yanhan.Role of the informal employment,a way of human capital accumulation for female labors:A case study of tea ceremony sector in Fangcun tea market in Guangzhou.Geographical Research,2011,30(4):699-708.]
[20]李志刚,刘晔,陈宏胜.中国城市新移民的“乡缘社区”:特征、机制与空间性:以广州“湖北村”为例.地理研究,2011,30(10):1910-1821.[Li Zhigang,Liu Ye,Chen Hongsheng.Characteristics,mechanism and spatiality of neo-migrants home place-based communities in China:A case study of Hubei village,Guangzhou.Geographical Research,2011,30(10):1910-1821.]
[21]李国青,李毅.我国智慧社区建设的困境与出路.广州大学学报:社会科学版,2015,14(12):67-71.[Li Guoqing,Li Yi.The Construction of intelligent community in China:Difficulties and solutions.Journal of Guangzhou University:Social Science Edition,2015,14(12):67-71.]
[22]钟明华,邓欣欣.现代化进程中我国城市发展的空间正义原则.广州大学学报:社会科学版,2016,15(4):36-42.[Zhong Minghua,Deng Xinxin.The principle of spatial justice in Chinese urban development in the modernization process.Journal of Guangzhou University:Social Science Edition,2016,15(4):36-42.]
[23]姚华松,李志刚,肖扬,等.道路“空间修复”中的空间不平等与空间冲突.城市发展研究,2018,25(1):103-110.[Yao Huasong,Li Zhigang,Xiao Yang,et al.Spatial inequality and spatial conflict in"spatial fix"of road.Urban Development Studies,2018,25(1):103-110.]
[24]姚华松.乡土中国的社区营造.广州大学学报:社会科学版,2017,16(11):52-57.[Yao Huasong.Community making in rural China.Journal of Guangzhou University:Social Science Edition,2017,16(11):52-57.]
[25]杨永春.中国模式:转型期混合制度“生产”了城市混合空间结构.地理研究,2015,34(11):2021-2034.[Yang Yongchun.Chinese cities in transition:Mixed spatial structures produced by a hybrid institutional model.Geographical Research,2015,34(11):2021-2034.]
[26]吴国平.老年人权益的法律保障研究.广州大学学报:社会科学版,2017,16(3):28-34.[Wu Guoping.Research on the legal protection of the rights and interests of the elderly.Journal of Guangzhou University:Social Science Edition,2017,16(3):28-34.]
[27]蔡运龙,叶超,Trevor Barnes,等.马克思主义地理学及其中国化:规划与实践反思.地理研究,2016,35(8):1399-1419.[Cai Yunlong,Ye Chao,Trevor Barnes,et al.Marxist geography and its development in China:Reflections on planning and practice.Geographical Research,2016,35(8):1399-1419.]
[28]徐兰兰.社会资本研究的性别检视与再诠释.广州大学学报:社会科学版,2017,16(10):50-57.[Xu Lanlan.A gender examination of social capital studies and reinterpretations.Journal of Guangzhou University:Social Science Edition,2017,16(10):50-57.]
[29]Mike Collins.Sport and Social Exclusion.New York:Routledge,2014.
[30]姚华松,黄耿志,薛德升.国内外女性主义地理学研究述评.人文地理,2017,32(2):9-16.[Yao Huasong,Huang Gengzhi,Xue Desheng.Reviews on feminist geographical studies.Human Geography,2017,32(2):9-16.]
[31]何嘉明,周素红,谢雪梅.女性主义地理学视角下的广州女性居民日常出行目的及影响因素.地理研究,2017,36(6):1053-1064.[He Jiaming,Zhou Suhong,Xie Xuemei.Female residents'daily travel purposes and its influencing factors from the perspective of feminism:A case study in Guangzhou,China.Geographical Research,2017,36(6):1053-1064.]
[32]Junxi Qian.Performing the public man:Cultures and identities in China's grassroots leisure class.City and Community,2014,13(1):26-48.
[2]王兆征,胡生贵.南昌市广场舞开展现状调查与分析.福建体育科技,2013,32(5):15-19.[Wang Zhaozheng,Hu Shenggui.The investigation and snalysis on current developing situation of square dance in Nanchang city.Fujian Sports Science and Technology,2013,32(5):15-19.]
[3]邸晓伟.山西省中老年妇女广场舞现状调查与研究.体育论坛,2013,5(5):26-30.[Di Xiaowei.Investigation and study of the present situations of middle-aged and old women square dance in Shanxi province.Sport Forum,2013,5(5):26-30.]
[4]代敏.武汉市主城区中老年人广场舞开展现状调查与分析研究.武汉:华中师范大学硕士学位论文,2011.[Dai Min.Research on current situation and countermeasures of mid-and-old age's square dance in Wuhan.Wuhan:Master Dissertation of Central China Normal University,2011.]
[5]林慧敏,保继刚.城市广场舞休闲研究.旅游学科,2016,31(4):6-19.[Lin Minhui,Bao Jigang.Research on'carnivalesque dancing'.Tourism Tribune,2016,31(6):6-19.]
[6]曹志刚,蔡思敏.公共性、公共空间与集体消费视野中的社区广场舞.城市问题,2016,22(4):96-104.[Cao Zhigang,Cai Simin.Carnivalesque dancing in publicity,public space and collective consumption.Urban Problems,2016,22(4):96-104.]
[7]刘成.城市大众健身“广场舞噪音扰民”事件归因及对策研究.体育科技文献通报,2017,25(5):113-116.[Liu Cheng.Research on the reasons and countermeasures of"square dance music trouble residents"incident in urban areas.Bulletin of Sport Science and Technology,2017,25(5):113-116.]
[8]赵军辉,唐炎.全民健身的现实问题与发展建议.体育学刊,2015,22(1):45-51.[Zhao Junhui,Tang Yan.Realistic problems in and development suggestions for national fitness.Journal of Physical Education,2015,22(1):45-51.]
[9]崔金海,蔡芳馨.社区广场舞相关问题及对策研究.人口与社会,2015,31(3):67-77.[Cui Jinhai,Cai Fangxin.Problems and suggestions for square dancers in community.Population and Society,2015,31(3):67-77.]
[10]陈桥.社区体育运动开展中权利冲突的法律调整.体育与科学,2015,36(1):96-102.[Chen Qiao.Legal adjustment of the right disputes in community sports.Journal of Spoorts and Science,2015,36(1):96-102.]
[11]孙海艳.广场舞对锻炼者生活质量的影响.四川体育科学,2013,8(4):106-108.[Sun Haiyan.Effects of the quality of life of square dance exercise.Sichuan Sports Science,2013,8(4):106-108.]
[12]刘建宇,向家俊,魏星临.广场舞对绝经后妇女骨密度、血清雌激素及平衡能力的影响.中国体育科技,2014,50(2):78-82.[Liu Jianyu,Xiang Jiajun,Wei Xinglin.Effects of square dance on bone mineral density,estrogen and ballance ability of postmenopausal women.China Sport Science and Technology,2014,50(2):78-82.]
[13]张阳,游永豪,刘宝林.广场舞与健步走锻炼对中老年女性静态平衡能力的对比研究.北京体育大学学报,2017,40(1):46-51.[Zhang Yang,You Yonghao,Liu Baolin.Research of square dance and fitness walking exercise on static balance ability in middle-aged and older women.Journal of Beijing Sport University,2017,40(1):46-51.]
[14]张国猛,郭亚超.全民健身广场舞对社区2型糖尿病患者血糖相关指标影响的研究.南京体育学院学报:自然科学版,2012,11(5):34-38.[Zhang Guomeng,Guo Yachao.National fitness square dance on the impact of community patients with type 2 diabetes blood sugar-related indicators.Journal of Nanjing Institute of Physical Education:Natural Science,2012,11(5):34-38.]
[15]Lefebvre H.The Production of Space.Oxford:Blackwell,1991,141-145.
[16]Yifu T.Space and Place:Humanistic Perspective.Springer,1979.
[17]李志刚,薛德升,杜枫,等.全球化下“跨国移民社会空间”的地方响应:以广州小北黑人区为例.地理研究,2009,28(4):920-932.[Li zhigang,Xue Desheng,Du Feng,et al.The local response of transnational social space under globalization in urban China:A case study of African enclave in Guangzhou.Geographical Research,2009,28(4):920-932.]
[18]冯健,王永海.中关村高校周边居住区社会空间特征及其形成机制.地理研究,2008,27(5):1003-1016.[Feng Jian,Wang Yonghai.The characteristics and their mechanisms of social space in the peripheral communities of campus in Zhongguancun.Geographical Research,2008,27(5):1003-1016.]
[19]黄耿志,薛德升,谢妍翰.非正规就业:女性人力资本积累的一种方式:以广州芳村茶叶市场茶艺表演业为例.地理研究,2011,30(4):699-708.[Huang Gengzhi,Xue Desheng,Xie Yanhan.Role of the informal employment,a way of human capital accumulation for female labors:A case study of tea ceremony sector in Fangcun tea market in Guangzhou.Geographical Research,2011,30(4):699-708.]
[20]李志刚,刘晔,陈宏胜.中国城市新移民的“乡缘社区”:特征、机制与空间性:以广州“湖北村”为例.地理研究,2011,30(10):1910-1821.[Li Zhigang,Liu Ye,Chen Hongsheng.Characteristics,mechanism and spatiality of neo-migrants home place-based communities in China:A case study of Hubei village,Guangzhou.Geographical Research,2011,30(10):1910-1821.]
[21]李国青,李毅.我国智慧社区建设的困境与出路.广州大学学报:社会科学版,2015,14(12):67-71.[Li Guoqing,Li Yi.The Construction of intelligent community in China:Difficulties and solutions.Journal of Guangzhou University:Social Science Edition,2015,14(12):67-71.]
[22]钟明华,邓欣欣.现代化进程中我国城市发展的空间正义原则.广州大学学报:社会科学版,2016,15(4):36-42.[Zhong Minghua,Deng Xinxin.The principle of spatial justice in Chinese urban development in the modernization process.Journal of Guangzhou University:Social Science Edition,2016,15(4):36-42.]
[23]姚华松,李志刚,肖扬,等.道路“空间修复”中的空间不平等与空间冲突.城市发展研究,2018,25(1):103-110.[Yao Huasong,Li Zhigang,Xiao Yang,et al.Spatial inequality and spatial conflict in"spatial fix"of road.Urban Development Studies,2018,25(1):103-110.]
[24]姚华松.乡土中国的社区营造.广州大学学报:社会科学版,2017,16(11):52-57.[Yao Huasong.Community making in rural China.Journal of Guangzhou University:Social Science Edition,2017,16(11):52-57.]
[25]杨永春.中国模式:转型期混合制度“生产”了城市混合空间结构.地理研究,2015,34(11):2021-2034.[Yang Yongchun.Chinese cities in transition:Mixed spatial structures produced by a hybrid institutional model.Geographical Research,2015,34(11):2021-2034.]
[26]吴国平.老年人权益的法律保障研究.广州大学学报:社会科学版,2017,16(3):28-34.[Wu Guoping.Research on the legal protection of the rights and interests of the elderly.Journal of Guangzhou University:Social Science Edition,2017,16(3):28-34.]
[27]蔡运龙,叶超,Trevor Barnes,等.马克思主义地理学及其中国化:规划与实践反思.地理研究,2016,35(8):1399-1419.[Cai Yunlong,Ye Chao,Trevor Barnes,et al.Marxist geography and its development in China:Reflections on planning and practice.Geographical Research,2016,35(8):1399-1419.]
[28]徐兰兰.社会资本研究的性别检视与再诠释.广州大学学报:社会科学版,2017,16(10):50-57.[Xu Lanlan.A gender examination of social capital studies and reinterpretations.Journal of Guangzhou University:Social Science Edition,2017,16(10):50-57.]
[29]Mike Collins.Sport and Social Exclusion.New York:Routledge,2014.
[30]姚华松,黄耿志,薛德升.国内外女性主义地理学研究述评.人文地理,2017,32(2):9-16.[Yao Huasong,Huang Gengzhi,Xue Desheng.Reviews on feminist geographical studies.Human Geography,2017,32(2):9-16.]
[31]何嘉明,周素红,谢雪梅.女性主义地理学视角下的广州女性居民日常出行目的及影响因素.地理研究,2017,36(6):1053-1064.[He Jiaming,Zhou Suhong,Xie Xuemei.Female residents'daily travel purposes and its influencing factors from the perspective of feminism:A case study in Guangzhou,China.Geographical Research,2017,36(6):1053-1064.]
[32]Junxi Qian.Performing the public man:Cultures and identities in China's grassroots leisure class.City and Community,2014,13(1):26-48.