2.5D机织石英纤维增强树脂复合材料不同方向力学性能测试与模量预测
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摘要
石英纤维增强树脂复合材料常用于多物理场耦合环境下,为保证足够的层间性能,常采用2.5D机织的结构形式。本文对一种浅交弯联2.5D机织石英纤维增强双马树脂复合材料的三维力学性能进行全面测试,对比分析了材料在不同方向的拉伸性能和压缩性能,以及面内、面外剪切性能。测试结果表明,该复合材料的纬向拉伸、压缩模量略高于经向,而拉伸、压缩强度远高于经向,导致经向和纬向拉、压破坏模式差异显著,拉伸时弯曲的经向纤维被拉断,平直的纬向纤维劈裂,压缩时平直的纬向纤维压断,弯曲的经向纤维屈曲。同时,该种材料具有较高的面内、面外剪切变形能力。此外,本文基于混合定律,提出了一个2.5D机织复合材料经、纬向模量估算公式。基于材料微观结构特征,以包含经纱和纬纱的一个单胞作为代表性体积单元,建立有限元模型,预测该2.5D机织复合材料经向模量,预测结果与试验结果吻合很好。本文的研究对2.5D机织石英纤维/双马树脂复合材料的研发具有一定的指导意义。
Quartz fiber reinforced composites are often used in multi-field coupling environments.To ensure enough interlaminar performances,quartz fiber reinforced composites often exist in the form of 2.5D braided structures.In this paper,the three dimensional mechanical properties of a 2.5D quartz fiber reinforced bismaleimide resin composites(shallow bend-joint)were comprehensively tested.The tensile and compressive properties in different directions,and in-plane and out-of-plane shear property were compared and analyzed.It has been found that the tensile and compressive module of the warp direction are slightly higher than those of the weft direction,while the tensile and compressive strenghth of the warp direction are significantly higher than those of the weft direction.Tensile and compressive failure modes of the material in the warp and weft direction are significantly different.In case of tension,the waved warp fibers are pulled out,and the straight weft fibers are split.In case of compression,the straight weft fibers are broken,and the waved warp fibers buckling happen.The material shows high shear deformation capacities in both the in-plane and out-of-plane directions.Besides,a formula for estimating the tensile modulus of the 2.5D material was proposed based on the rule of mixtures of unidirectional composites.Based on the microstructure characteristics of the material,a unit cell containing warp and weft yarns was used as a representative volume unit to establish the finite element model,and the meridional modulus of the 2.5D woven composite was predicted.The prediction results are in good agreement with the experimental results.This study can provide some guidance for the development of the 2.5 Dquartz fiber/bismaleimide composites.
Quartz fiber reinforced composites are often used in multi-field coupling environments.To ensure enough interlaminar performances,quartz fiber reinforced composites often exist in the form of 2.5D braided structures.In this paper,the three dimensional mechanical properties of a 2.5D quartz fiber reinforced bismaleimide resin composites(shallow bend-joint)were comprehensively tested.The tensile and compressive properties in different directions,and in-plane and out-of-plane shear property were compared and analyzed.It has been found that the tensile and compressive module of the warp direction are slightly higher than those of the weft direction,while the tensile and compressive strenghth of the warp direction are significantly higher than those of the weft direction.Tensile and compressive failure modes of the material in the warp and weft direction are significantly different.In case of tension,the waved warp fibers are pulled out,and the straight weft fibers are split.In case of compression,the straight weft fibers are broken,and the waved warp fibers buckling happen.The material shows high shear deformation capacities in both the in-plane and out-of-plane directions.Besides,a formula for estimating the tensile modulus of the 2.5D material was proposed based on the rule of mixtures of unidirectional composites.Based on the microstructure characteristics of the material,a unit cell containing warp and weft yarns was used as a representative volume unit to establish the finite element model,and the meridional modulus of the 2.5D woven composite was predicted.The prediction results are in good agreement with the experimental results.This study can provide some guidance for the development of the 2.5 Dquartz fiber/bismaleimide composites.
引文
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[20]赵渠森,王京城.高性能QY9511双马树脂及其复合材料应用[J].纤维复合材料,2001,18(4):3-9.ZHAO Qusen,WANG Jingcheng.Application of high performance QY9511bismaleimide resin and its composite materials[J].Fiber Composites,2001,18(4):3-9(in Chinese).
[21]LIU G,ZHANG L,GUO L,et al.A modified V-notched beam test method for interlaminar shear behavior of 3Dwoven composites[J].Composite Structures,2017,181:46-57.
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[23]LIN H,BROWN L P,LONGZHU J,CHEN A C.Modelling and simulating textile structures using texgen[J].Advanced Materials Research,2011,331:44-47.
[24]BROWN L P,ZENG X,LONG A C,et al.Recent developments in the realistic geometric modelling of textile structures using TexGen[C]//International Conference on Digital Technologies for the Textile Industries,2013:1-12.
[2]宋阳曦.二维石英纤维织物增强宽频透波陶瓷基复合材料的制备及性能研究[D].长沙:国防科学技术大学,2010.SONG Yangxi.Preparation and properties study of two dimensional quartz fabric reinforced broadband wave transparent ceramic matrix composites[D].Changsha:National University of Defense Technology,2010(in Chinese).
[3]张雄,王义,程海峰.石英纤维透波复合材料的研究进展[J].材料导报,2012(s1):96-100.ZHANG Xiong,WANG Yi,CHENG Haifeng.Research progress in quartz fiber transparent composite materials[J].Materials Review,2012(s1):96-100(in Chinese).
[4]张迪,郑锡涛,杨超.三维编织复合材料损伤容限性能试验[J].复合材料学报,2016,33(5):1048-1054.ZHANG Di,ZHENG Xitao,YANG Chao.Damage tolerance test of 3Dbraided composites[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2016,33(5):1048-1054(in Chinese).
[5]卢子兴,夏彪,王成禹.三维六向编织复合材料渐进损伤模拟及强度预测[J].复合材料学报,2013,30(5):166-173.LU Zixing,XIA Biao,WANG Chenyu.Progressive damage simulation and strength prediction of 3Dsix directional braided composites[J].Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2013,30(5):166-173(in Chinese).
[6]LI Chengdong,ZHU Jianxun,LIU Yong,et al.Mechanical properties and microstructure of 3Dsinking woven quartz fiber-reinforced silica composites by silicasol-infiltration-sintering[J].Journal of the Textile Institute Proceedings&Abstracts,2012,103(11):1189-1196.
[7]ZHAO Xiaolin,DU Jianhua,YANG Hongwei,et al.Mechanical behavior and failure mechanism of 2.5D(shallow bend-joint,deep straight-joint)and 3D orthogonal UH-WMPE fiber/epoxy composites by vacuum-assistant-resin-infused[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science Edition),2016,31(6):1240-1244.
[8]季宝锋,孙艳杰,章凌,等.编织复合材料在高温热结构中的应用[J].宇航材料工艺,2017,47(4):14-18,36.JI Baofeng,SUN Yanjie,ZHANG Ling,et al.Application of braided composites in high temperature thermal structure[J].Aerospace Materials&Technology,2017,47(4):14-18,36(in Chinese).
[9]李杰,许斌,冯志海.2.5D石英酚醛复合材料的性能研究[J].宇航材料工艺,2002(1):35-37.LI Jie,XU Bing,FENG Zhihai.Study on properties of 2.5Dquartz phenol aldehyde composite[J].Aerospace Materials&Technology,2002(1):35-37(in Chinese).
[10]于佩志,张涛,王晓薇.2.5D石英纤维织物增强二氧化硅基复合材料弯曲性能测试研究[J].宇航材料工艺,2003(5):58-61.YU Peizhi,ZHANG Tao,WANG Xiaowei.Flexural properties of 2.5Dsilica fiber reinforced silica matrix composites[J].Aerospace Materials&Technology,2003(5):58-61(in Chinese).
[11]LIU Y,ZHU J,CHEN Z,et al.Mechanical behavior of2.5D(shallow bend-joint)and 3Dorthogonal quartz f/silica composites by silicasol-infiltration-sintering[J].Materials Science&Engineering A,2012,532(1):230-235.
[12]LIU Yong,ZHU Jianxun,CHEN Zhaofeng,et al.Mechanical properties and microstructure of 2.5D(shallow straightjoint)quartz fibers-reinforced silica composites by silicasol-infiltration-sintering[J].Ceramics International,2012,38(1):795-800.
[13]郭洪伟,张立泉,朱梦蝶,等.高性能复合材料用机织2.5D织物的结构设计与织造工艺[J].玻璃纤维,2017(3):1-5.GUO Hongwei,ZHANG Liquan,ZHU Mengdie,et al.Structural design and weaving process of woven 2.5Dfabric for high performance composite materials[J].Fiberglass,2017(3):1-5(in Chinese).
[14]刘刚.2.5D碳/环氧编织复合材料的细观结构及弹性性能研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2014.LIU Gang.Microstructure and elastic properties of 2.5Dcarbon/epoxy braided composites[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2014(in Chinese).
[15]American Society for Testing and Materials International.Standard test method for tensile properties of polymer matrix composite materials:ASTM D3039/D3039M-17[S].West Conshohocken:ASTM International,2017.
[16]American Society for Testing and Materials International.Standard test method for compressive properties of polymer matrix composite materials using a combined loading compression(CLC)test fixture:ASTM D6641/D6641M-16e1[S].West Conshohocken:ASTM International,2016.
[17]中国国家标准化管理委员会(标准制定单位).纤维增强塑料压缩性能试验方法:GB/T 1448[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2005.Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.Test method for compression properties of fiber reinforced plastics:GB/T 1448[S],Beijing:China Standards Press,2005(in Chinese).
[18]American Society for Testing and Materials International.Standard test method for shear properties of composite materials by the v-notched beam method:ASTM D5379/D5379M-12[S].West Conshohocken:ASTM International,2012.
[19]American Society for Testing and Materials International.Standard test method for short-beam strength of polymer matrix composite materials and their laminates:ASTM D2344/D2344M-16[S].West Conshohocken:ASTM International,2016.
[20]赵渠森,王京城.高性能QY9511双马树脂及其复合材料应用[J].纤维复合材料,2001,18(4):3-9.ZHAO Qusen,WANG Jingcheng.Application of high performance QY9511bismaleimide resin and its composite materials[J].Fiber Composites,2001,18(4):3-9(in Chinese).
[21]LIU G,ZHANG L,GUO L,et al.A modified V-notched beam test method for interlaminar shear behavior of 3Dwoven composites[J].Composite Structures,2017,181:46-57.
[22]MAKEEV A,SEON G,CLINE J,et al.In quest of methods for measuring 3D mechanical properties of composites[J].Composites Science&Technology,2014,100(21):105-112.
[23]LIN H,BROWN L P,LONGZHU J,CHEN A C.Modelling and simulating textile structures using texgen[J].Advanced Materials Research,2011,331:44-47.
[24]BROWN L P,ZENG X,LONG A C,et al.Recent developments in the realistic geometric modelling of textile structures using TexGen[C]//International Conference on Digital Technologies for the Textile Industries,2013:1-12.