中药五味子药理作用研究进展
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摘要
五味子是一种常见的补益中药,为木兰科植物五味子干燥成熟果实,最早收载于《神农本草经》上品中药。五味子的药用部位主要是果实、藤茎、枝叶,经过多年的研究发现其化学成分主要为木脂素、多糖、芳香油及三萜类化合物,因其药理作用丰富,有较大的开发和利用价值。随着民间广泛应用和研发的重视,五味子未知的药理作用、药用部位及有效成分不断被挖掘出来。本文将对近几年报道的五味子通过降低转氨酶、炎性因子发挥肝肾保护作用,诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡,抑制肿瘤细胞生长及肿瘤转移等发挥抗肿瘤、镇静催眠、改善记忆力、免疫调节作用等方面的研究进行综述,进一步明确了五味子的有效成分、药效作用及其作用机制。
Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis is a drying and ripening fruits of Magnoliaceae plants,a common supplementing Chinese medicine. The earliest collection was listed in Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica as the superior medicinal material. The main medicinal parts of Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis are fruits,rattan stems,branches and leaves. After years of study,it was found that the chemical components of Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis are mainly lignans,polysaccharides,aromatic oils and triterpenoids. Because of their rich pharmacological effects,there are great value in its development and utilization. With the widespread application and emphasis on research and development among the people,the unknown pharmacological effects,medicinal parts and effective components of Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis are continuously explored. In this paper,the recent reports of Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis on reducing transaminase and inflammatory factors,playing a protective role in liver and kidney,inducing tumor cell apoptosis,and inhibiting tumor cell growth and tumor metastasis,having sedative hypnotic effects,memory improvement and having immunomodulatory effects,were studied and summerized. And the effective components,efficacy and mechanism of Schisandra chinensis were further clarified.
Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis is a drying and ripening fruits of Magnoliaceae plants,a common supplementing Chinese medicine. The earliest collection was listed in Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica as the superior medicinal material. The main medicinal parts of Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis are fruits,rattan stems,branches and leaves. After years of study,it was found that the chemical components of Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis are mainly lignans,polysaccharides,aromatic oils and triterpenoids. Because of their rich pharmacological effects,there are great value in its development and utilization. With the widespread application and emphasis on research and development among the people,the unknown pharmacological effects,medicinal parts and effective components of Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis are continuously explored. In this paper,the recent reports of Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis on reducing transaminase and inflammatory factors,playing a protective role in liver and kidney,inducing tumor cell apoptosis,and inhibiting tumor cell growth and tumor metastasis,having sedative hypnotic effects,memory improvement and having immunomodulatory effects,were studied and summerized. And the effective components,efficacy and mechanism of Schisandra chinensis were further clarified.
引文
[1] 刘瑛,刘元,王丽,等.厚叶南五味子对小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用[J].中国热带医学,2015,15(12):1424-1427.
[2] 王菊平,李小芹,李永春.五味子甲素对急性肝内胆汁淤积大鼠肝功能的保护作用研究[J].亚太传统医药,2018,14(6):32-33.
[3] 颜志婷,肖冬梅,陈杰.南五味子多糖急性毒性及对小鼠肝损伤保护作用机理探讨[J].江西医药,2018,53(2):147-149.
[4] 王荣,刘莉,张玲莉.五味子多糖对原代大鼠肝细胞氧化应激损伤的保护机制研究[J].实用药物与临床,2017,20(12):1351-1354.
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[6] 胡彦武,刘凯,闫梦彤,等.五味子藤茎提取物抗大鼠肝纤维化作用及机制探讨[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2016,22(17):122-125.
[7] 余黄合,谭小雯,杨珍,等.异型南五味子醇提物对D-半乳糖胺/脂多糖致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用[J].中国医院药学杂志,2017,37(11):1009-1013.
[8] 沈芳仪,葛海英,曾嵘.异型南五味子醇提物对四氯化碳致大鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2013,19(16):232-235.
[9] 陶小芳,宿树兰,江署,等.五味子药渣提取物中木脂素类成分分析及其对急性肝损伤模型大鼠的保护作用[J].中草药,2016,47(17):3051-3057.
[10] 杨江辉,孙成博,耿嘉男,等.五味子提取物对糖尿病大鼠肾脏组织中基质金属蛋白酶表达的影响及其肾脏保护作用[J].吉林大学学报(医学版),2017,43(3):512-517,667.
[11] 郑海洲,张杰,肖程程,等.五味子乙素抗肾纤维化作用及机制研究[J].中国现代医学杂志,2017,27(27):1-6.
[12] HWANG IS,KIM JE,LEE YJ,et al.Protective effects of gomisin A isolated from Schisandra chinensis against CCl(4)-induced hepatic and renal injury[J].Int J Mol Med,2013,31(4):888-898.
[13] ZHAI J,ZHANG F,GAO S,et al.Schisandra chinensis extract decreases chloroacetaldehyde production in rats and attenuates cyclophosphamide toxicity in liver,kidney and brain[J].J Ethnopharmacol,2018,210(10):223-231.
[14] LI YZ,REN S,YAN XT,et al.mprovement of Cisplatin-induced renal dysfunction by Schisandra chinensis stems via anti-inflammation and anti-apoptosis effects[J].J Ethnopharmacol,2018,217(12):228-237.
[15] HASSAN M,WATARI H,ABUALMAATY A,et al.Apoptosis and molecular targeting therapy in cancer[J].Biomed Res Int,2014,214(12):1-23.
[16] 黄晓东,路倩,沈楠,等.五味子多糖对人结肠癌HT-29细胞体外增殖及侵袭能力的抑制作用[J].吉林大学学报(医学版),2015,41(2):287-290.
[17] E Q,TANG M,ZHANG X,et al.Protection of seven dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans from Schisandra chinensis against serum and glucose deprivation injury in SH-SY5Y cells[J].Cell Biol Int,2015,39(12):1418-1424.
[18] JEONG M,KIM HM,KIM HJ,et al.Kudsuphilactone B,a nortriterpenoid isolated from Schisandra chinensis fruit,induces caspase-dependent apoptosis in human ovarian cancer A2780 cells[J].Arch Pharm Res,2017,40(4):500-508.
[19] 上官梦原,赵菁,陈俊宇,等.五味子脂A增强卡铂对人卵巢癌Skov3细胞的促凋亡作用及其机制[J].吉林大学学报(医学版),2018,44(1):83-89,207.
[20] KIJUN L,JI-HYE A,KYUNG-TAE L,et al.Deoxyschizandrin,Isolated from Schisandra Berries,Induces Cell Cycle Arrest in Ovarian Cancer Cells and Inhibits the Protumoural Activation of Tumour-Associated Macrophages[J].Nutrients,2018,10(1):91.
[21] 丁振东,张玉影,张宇,等.五味子多糖对脑肿瘤干细胞的凋亡诱导及生长抑制作用[J].吉林大学学报(医学版),2018,44(2):305-309,465.
[22] JIANG Y,FAN X,WANG Y,et al.Schisandrol B protects against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity by inhibition of CYP-mediated bioactivation and regulation of liver regeneration[J].Toxicol Sci,2015,143(1):107-115.
[23] 刘容旭,高辰哲,姜帆,等.五味子多糖对两种肠道肿瘤细胞抑制作用的影响[J].食品科学,2016,37(5):192-196.
[24] GNABRE J,UNLU I,CHANG TC,et al.Isolation of lignans from Schisandra chinensis with anti-proliferative activity in human colorectal carcinoma:Structure-activity relationships[J].J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci,2010,878(4):2693-2700.
[25] 姜恩平,李贺,于春艳,等.五味子乙素通过p38MAPK信号通路对结肠癌SW480细胞凋亡和侵袭的影响[J].吉林大学学报(医学版),2015,41(4):675-679,885.
[26] 李妍,纪朋艳,张巍,等.五味子乙素对两种神经瘤细胞的抑制作用[J].毒理学杂志,2015,29(2):134-137.
[27] ERDOGAN H,AYDIN MV,TASDEMIROGLU E.Tumor-to-tumor metastasis of the central nervous system[J].Turk Neurosurg,2014,24(2):151-162.
[28] 李月灵,王高峰,彭红,等.五味子乙素抑制胃癌SNU-1细胞增殖和转移的作用机制研究[J].中国免疫学杂志,2017,33(12):1815-1818,1827.
[29] QIAN CN,PEZZELLA F.Tumor vasculature:a sally port for inhibiting cancer cell spreading[J].Cancer Commun (Lond),2018,38(1):52.
[30] 温娜,唐泽波,金宏,等.五味子多糖对脑胶质瘤SHG-44细胞血管内皮生长因子表达水平的影响[J].中国老年学杂志,2014,34(24):7048-7049.
[31] 迟德彪.五味子乙素对人神经胶质瘤血管内皮细胞生长因子表达的影响[D].广州:南方医科大学,2008.
[32] 曹佳红,贾占荣,杨若聪,等.北五味子醇提取物和水提取物的镇静催眠作用比较[J].中医学报,2017,32(10):1943-1946.
[33] 于泽鹏,高佳琪,刘聪,等.五味子醋镇静催眠抗焦虑作用及其作用机制[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2018,24(11):139-143.
[34] 李贺,李宁,刘聪,等.五味子乙素对ICR小鼠的抗焦虑作用及其作用机制[J].吉林大学学报(医学版),2018,44(1):78-82.
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[2] 王菊平,李小芹,李永春.五味子甲素对急性肝内胆汁淤积大鼠肝功能的保护作用研究[J].亚太传统医药,2018,14(6):32-33.
[3] 颜志婷,肖冬梅,陈杰.南五味子多糖急性毒性及对小鼠肝损伤保护作用机理探讨[J].江西医药,2018,53(2):147-149.
[4] 王荣,刘莉,张玲莉.五味子多糖对原代大鼠肝细胞氧化应激损伤的保护机制研究[J].实用药物与临床,2017,20(12):1351-1354.
[5] 王荣,张玲莉,刘莉.五味子多糖通过Traf3/NF-kB通路降低脂多糖对大鼠肝细胞的炎症反应[J].中国现代应用药学,2017,34(12):1699-1702.
[6] 胡彦武,刘凯,闫梦彤,等.五味子藤茎提取物抗大鼠肝纤维化作用及机制探讨[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2016,22(17):122-125.
[7] 余黄合,谭小雯,杨珍,等.异型南五味子醇提物对D-半乳糖胺/脂多糖致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用[J].中国医院药学杂志,2017,37(11):1009-1013.
[8] 沈芳仪,葛海英,曾嵘.异型南五味子醇提物对四氯化碳致大鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2013,19(16):232-235.
[9] 陶小芳,宿树兰,江署,等.五味子药渣提取物中木脂素类成分分析及其对急性肝损伤模型大鼠的保护作用[J].中草药,2016,47(17):3051-3057.
[10] 杨江辉,孙成博,耿嘉男,等.五味子提取物对糖尿病大鼠肾脏组织中基质金属蛋白酶表达的影响及其肾脏保护作用[J].吉林大学学报(医学版),2017,43(3):512-517,667.
[11] 郑海洲,张杰,肖程程,等.五味子乙素抗肾纤维化作用及机制研究[J].中国现代医学杂志,2017,27(27):1-6.
[12] HWANG IS,KIM JE,LEE YJ,et al.Protective effects of gomisin A isolated from Schisandra chinensis against CCl(4)-induced hepatic and renal injury[J].Int J Mol Med,2013,31(4):888-898.
[13] ZHAI J,ZHANG F,GAO S,et al.Schisandra chinensis extract decreases chloroacetaldehyde production in rats and attenuates cyclophosphamide toxicity in liver,kidney and brain[J].J Ethnopharmacol,2018,210(10):223-231.
[14] LI YZ,REN S,YAN XT,et al.mprovement of Cisplatin-induced renal dysfunction by Schisandra chinensis stems via anti-inflammation and anti-apoptosis effects[J].J Ethnopharmacol,2018,217(12):228-237.
[15] HASSAN M,WATARI H,ABUALMAATY A,et al.Apoptosis and molecular targeting therapy in cancer[J].Biomed Res Int,2014,214(12):1-23.
[16] 黄晓东,路倩,沈楠,等.五味子多糖对人结肠癌HT-29细胞体外增殖及侵袭能力的抑制作用[J].吉林大学学报(医学版),2015,41(2):287-290.
[17] E Q,TANG M,ZHANG X,et al.Protection of seven dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans from Schisandra chinensis against serum and glucose deprivation injury in SH-SY5Y cells[J].Cell Biol Int,2015,39(12):1418-1424.
[18] JEONG M,KIM HM,KIM HJ,et al.Kudsuphilactone B,a nortriterpenoid isolated from Schisandra chinensis fruit,induces caspase-dependent apoptosis in human ovarian cancer A2780 cells[J].Arch Pharm Res,2017,40(4):500-508.
[19] 上官梦原,赵菁,陈俊宇,等.五味子脂A增强卡铂对人卵巢癌Skov3细胞的促凋亡作用及其机制[J].吉林大学学报(医学版),2018,44(1):83-89,207.
[20] KIJUN L,JI-HYE A,KYUNG-TAE L,et al.Deoxyschizandrin,Isolated from Schisandra Berries,Induces Cell Cycle Arrest in Ovarian Cancer Cells and Inhibits the Protumoural Activation of Tumour-Associated Macrophages[J].Nutrients,2018,10(1):91.
[21] 丁振东,张玉影,张宇,等.五味子多糖对脑肿瘤干细胞的凋亡诱导及生长抑制作用[J].吉林大学学报(医学版),2018,44(2):305-309,465.
[22] JIANG Y,FAN X,WANG Y,et al.Schisandrol B protects against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity by inhibition of CYP-mediated bioactivation and regulation of liver regeneration[J].Toxicol Sci,2015,143(1):107-115.
[23] 刘容旭,高辰哲,姜帆,等.五味子多糖对两种肠道肿瘤细胞抑制作用的影响[J].食品科学,2016,37(5):192-196.
[24] GNABRE J,UNLU I,CHANG TC,et al.Isolation of lignans from Schisandra chinensis with anti-proliferative activity in human colorectal carcinoma:Structure-activity relationships[J].J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci,2010,878(4):2693-2700.
[25] 姜恩平,李贺,于春艳,等.五味子乙素通过p38MAPK信号通路对结肠癌SW480细胞凋亡和侵袭的影响[J].吉林大学学报(医学版),2015,41(4):675-679,885.
[26] 李妍,纪朋艳,张巍,等.五味子乙素对两种神经瘤细胞的抑制作用[J].毒理学杂志,2015,29(2):134-137.
[27] ERDOGAN H,AYDIN MV,TASDEMIROGLU E.Tumor-to-tumor metastasis of the central nervous system[J].Turk Neurosurg,2014,24(2):151-162.
[28] 李月灵,王高峰,彭红,等.五味子乙素抑制胃癌SNU-1细胞增殖和转移的作用机制研究[J].中国免疫学杂志,2017,33(12):1815-1818,1827.
[29] QIAN CN,PEZZELLA F.Tumor vasculature:a sally port for inhibiting cancer cell spreading[J].Cancer Commun (Lond),2018,38(1):52.
[30] 温娜,唐泽波,金宏,等.五味子多糖对脑胶质瘤SHG-44细胞血管内皮生长因子表达水平的影响[J].中国老年学杂志,2014,34(24):7048-7049.
[31] 迟德彪.五味子乙素对人神经胶质瘤血管内皮细胞生长因子表达的影响[D].广州:南方医科大学,2008.
[32] 曹佳红,贾占荣,杨若聪,等.北五味子醇提取物和水提取物的镇静催眠作用比较[J].中医学报,2017,32(10):1943-1946.
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