回填层与管片组合结构的支护性能及模型试验研究
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摘要
双护盾隧道掘进机倒梯形设计及管片拼装特点使得管片与围岩之间存在一定的空隙,常采用碎石回填并注浆形成回填层。将回填层与管片视为组合结构,采用弹性力学中厚壁圆筒理论,推导组合结构支护刚度计算公式,分析回填层对组合结构支护性能的影响及回填层的承载能力、吸收变形能力,并设计相似模型试验进行验证。结果表明:回填层可以承担少量的荷载并吸收部分围岩变形,其承载能力与吸收变形的能力与回填层的弹性模量有关;回填层存在1个临界弹性模量,当回填层实际弹性模量小于临界弹性模量时组合结构的支护刚度小于管片支护刚度,当大于临界弹性模量时组合结构的支护刚度大于管片支护刚度。实际工程中,注浆固结后的回填层弹性模量处于0.8~1.5GPa之间,此时回填层的主要作用是在围岩与管片之间传递荷载。
The inverted trapezoid design of double shield tunnel boring machine and the characteristics of segment assembly leave some spaces between the segment and surrounding rock.Gravel backfilling and grouting are often used to form the backfill layer.Considering the backfill layer and segment as a combined structure,the calculation formula for the support stiffness of the combined structure is derived by adopting the theory of thick-walled cylinder in elastic mechanics.The influence of backfill layer on the supporting performance of the combined structure as well as the load bearing capacity and absorptive deformation capacity of backfill layer are analyzed.Also,similar model tests are designed to verify the results.Results show that the backfill layer can bear a small amount of load and absorb part of surrounding rock deformation.Its load bearing capacity and absorptive deformation capacity are related to the elastic modulus of the backfill layer.There is a critical elastic modulus in the backfill layer.When the actual elastic modulus of the backfill layer is less than the critical elastic modulus,the support stiffness of the combined structure is smaller than that of the segment,and when it is greater than the critical elastic modulus,the support stiffness of the combined structure is larger than that of the segment.In practical engineering,the elastic modulus of the backfill layer is between 0.8 GPa and 1.5 GPa after the grouting is consolidated.At this time,the main function of the backfill layer is to transfer the load between the surrounding rock and the segment.
The inverted trapezoid design of double shield tunnel boring machine and the characteristics of segment assembly leave some spaces between the segment and surrounding rock.Gravel backfilling and grouting are often used to form the backfill layer.Considering the backfill layer and segment as a combined structure,the calculation formula for the support stiffness of the combined structure is derived by adopting the theory of thick-walled cylinder in elastic mechanics.The influence of backfill layer on the supporting performance of the combined structure as well as the load bearing capacity and absorptive deformation capacity of backfill layer are analyzed.Also,similar model tests are designed to verify the results.Results show that the backfill layer can bear a small amount of load and absorb part of surrounding rock deformation.Its load bearing capacity and absorptive deformation capacity are related to the elastic modulus of the backfill layer.There is a critical elastic modulus in the backfill layer.When the actual elastic modulus of the backfill layer is less than the critical elastic modulus,the support stiffness of the combined structure is smaller than that of the segment,and when it is greater than the critical elastic modulus,the support stiffness of the combined structure is larger than that of the segment.In practical engineering,the elastic modulus of the backfill layer is between 0.8 GPa and 1.5 GPa after the grouting is consolidated.At this time,the main function of the backfill layer is to transfer the load between the surrounding rock and the segment.
引文
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[10]VLACHOPOULOS N,DIEDERICHS M S.Improved Longitudinal Displacement Profiles for Convergence Confinement Analysis of Deep Tunnels[J].Rock Mechanics&Rock Engineering,2009,42(2):131-146.
[11]王光钦.弹性力学[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2008.(WANG Guanqin,Mechanics of Elasticity[M].Beijing:China Railway Publishing House,2008.in Chinese)
[12]何川,周济民,封坤,等.基于接头非线性抗弯刚度的盾构隧道迭代算法的实现与应用[J].土木工程学报,2012,45(3):166-173.(HE Chuan,ZHOU Jimin,FENG Kun,et al.An Iterative Algorithm Based on Segment Joint Stiffness Nonlinearity and Application for Shield Tunnel Structures[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2012,45(3):166-173.in Chinese)
[13]郭瑞,何川,封坤,等.大断面水下盾构隧道管片接头抗弯刚度及其对管片内力影响研究[J].中国铁道科学,2013,34(5):46-53.(GUO Rui,HE Chuan,FENG Kun,et al.Bending Stiffness of Segment Joint and Its Effects on Segment Internal Force for Underwater Shield Tunnel with Large Cross-Section[J].China Railway Science,2013,34(5):46-53.in Chinese)
[14]晁峰.膨胀土地区城市轨道交通地下结构设计理论及关键技术[D].成都:西南交通大学,2016.(CHAO Feng,Research on Design Theory and Key Technology Underground Structures of Urban Pail Transit in Expansive Soil Stratum Area[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2016.in Chinese)
[15]RAMONI M,ANAGNOSTOU G.Tunnel Boring Machines under Squeezing Conditions[J].Tunnelling&Underground Space Technology,2010,25:139-157.
[16]晏启祥,陈行,吴聪,等.盾构隧道管片环向接头刚度的解析分析法[J].中国铁道科学,2018,39(2):52-60.(YAN Qixiang,CHEN Hang,WU Cong,et al.Analytical Method for Circumferential Joint Stiffness of Segment Ring in Shield Tunnel[J].China Railway Science,2018,39(2):52-60.in Chinese)
[2]苏华友,汪家林.TBM施工中的质量控制与管理[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(11):1930-1934.(SU Huayou,WANG Jialin.Quality Control and Management of TBM Construction[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(11):1930-1934.in Chinese)
[3]苏华友,张继春.引水隧洞豆砾石回填灌浆渗透系数的试验分析[C]//第八次全国岩石力学与工程学术大会论文集.北京:科学出版社,2004:89-92.(SU Huayou,ZHANG Jichun.Test and Analyse Permeability Coefficient of Pea-Gravel Back-Filling Grouting in Division Water Tunnel[C]//Eighth National Rock Mechanics and Engineering Academic Conference Proceedings.Beijing:Science Press,2004:89-92.in Chinese)
[4]郭陕云.对盾构(TBM)技术运用及开发的几点认识[J].隧道建设,2008,28(6):631-637.(GUO Shanyun.Comments on Application and Development of TBM/Shield Tunneling Technology[J].Tunnel Construction,2008,28(6):631-637.in Chinese)
[5]杨悦,尹晓黎,高红梅,等.地铁盾构隧道回填层的应力传导性能[J].黑龙江科技学院学报,2013,23(6):571-576.(YANG Yue,YIN Xiaoli,GAO Hongmei,et al.Stress Conductivity of Backfill in Subway TBM Construction Tunnel[J].Journal of Heilongjiang Institute of Science&Technology,2013,23(6):571-576.in Chinese)
[6]李晶晶.TBM(盾构)施工斜井围岩-支护相互作用机理研究[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2015.(LI Jingjing.Research on Interaction between Surrounding Rock and Support by TBM Techniques[D].Beijing:China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),2015.in Chinese)
[7]胡雄玉,晏启祥,何川,等.管片衬砌配合碎石可压缩层的斜井支护结构型式及其应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(3):579-591.(HU Xiongyu,YAN Qixiang,HE Chuan,et al.A Support Structure of Segment Lining Combined with Compressible Crushed Stone and Its Applications in Inclined Shaft[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(3):579-591.in Chinese)
[8]吴圣智,黄群伟,王明年,等.护盾式TBM隧道回填层对管片受力的影响[J].中国公路学报,2017,30(8):229-237.(WU Shengzhi,HUANG Qunwei,WANG Mingnian,et al.Influence of Backfill on Force of Segmental in Shielded TBM Tunnel[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2017,30(8):229-237.in Chinese)
[9]姜志毅,王明年,于丽,等.TBM隧道豆砾石-地层抗力系数计算方法研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2017,13(4):963-969.(JIANG Zhiyi,WANG Mingnian,YU li,et al.Research on the Calculation Method for Pea Gravel Backfilling Layer and Ground Reaction Coefficient of TBM Tunnel[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2017,13(4):963-969.in Chinese)
[10]VLACHOPOULOS N,DIEDERICHS M S.Improved Longitudinal Displacement Profiles for Convergence Confinement Analysis of Deep Tunnels[J].Rock Mechanics&Rock Engineering,2009,42(2):131-146.
[11]王光钦.弹性力学[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2008.(WANG Guanqin,Mechanics of Elasticity[M].Beijing:China Railway Publishing House,2008.in Chinese)
[12]何川,周济民,封坤,等.基于接头非线性抗弯刚度的盾构隧道迭代算法的实现与应用[J].土木工程学报,2012,45(3):166-173.(HE Chuan,ZHOU Jimin,FENG Kun,et al.An Iterative Algorithm Based on Segment Joint Stiffness Nonlinearity and Application for Shield Tunnel Structures[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2012,45(3):166-173.in Chinese)
[13]郭瑞,何川,封坤,等.大断面水下盾构隧道管片接头抗弯刚度及其对管片内力影响研究[J].中国铁道科学,2013,34(5):46-53.(GUO Rui,HE Chuan,FENG Kun,et al.Bending Stiffness of Segment Joint and Its Effects on Segment Internal Force for Underwater Shield Tunnel with Large Cross-Section[J].China Railway Science,2013,34(5):46-53.in Chinese)
[14]晁峰.膨胀土地区城市轨道交通地下结构设计理论及关键技术[D].成都:西南交通大学,2016.(CHAO Feng,Research on Design Theory and Key Technology Underground Structures of Urban Pail Transit in Expansive Soil Stratum Area[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2016.in Chinese)
[15]RAMONI M,ANAGNOSTOU G.Tunnel Boring Machines under Squeezing Conditions[J].Tunnelling&Underground Space Technology,2010,25:139-157.
[16]晏启祥,陈行,吴聪,等.盾构隧道管片环向接头刚度的解析分析法[J].中国铁道科学,2018,39(2):52-60.(YAN Qixiang,CHEN Hang,WU Cong,et al.Analytical Method for Circumferential Joint Stiffness of Segment Ring in Shield Tunnel[J].China Railway Science,2018,39(2):52-60.in Chinese)
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