直接电加热过程含缺陷海底管道强度评价
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摘要
直接电加热技术通过在管壁两端施加交流电向管道内输送热量,保持管内流体具有较高的温度,可有效地预防管道产生的冷凝现象。为保障直接电加热过程中海底管道的安全性,采用有限元软件ABAQUS对直接电加热过程中含缺陷管道进行了应力分析与强度评价,并分析了缺陷长度、宽度、深度以及温度对管道剩余强度的影响。分析结果表明:当缺陷大小一致时,相比环向缺陷,存在轴向缺陷管道的应力水平更大;缺陷深度的增加导致管道剩余强度有明显下降,缺陷长度在20～100 mm时,缺陷长度的增加导致管道剩余强度有明显下降,缺陷宽度对管道剩余强度的影响不明显;温度每升高30℃,管道剩余强度下降9. 5%～28. 9%。所得结论可为保障海底管道在直接电加热过程中的安全运行提供理论支持。
Direct electrical heating technology transfers heat to the pipe by applying alternating current at both ends of the pipe wall to keep the fluid in the pipe at a high temperature,which can effectively prevent condensation in the pipe. To ensure the safety of subsea pipelines during direct electrical heating,the finite element software ABAQUS was used to analyze the stress and strength of the pipelines with defects under direct electrical heating.The influences of the defect length,width,depth and the temperature on the pipeline residual strength were analyzed. The analysis results show that given the same defect size,the stress level of pipeline with the axial defect is larger than that of the pipeline with circumferential defect. The increase of defect depth leads to a significant decrease in the residual strength of the pipeline. When the length of the defect is 20 ～ 100 mm,the increase of the defect length leads to a significant decrease in the residual strength of the pipeline. The effect of the defect width on the residual strength of the pipeline is not significant. For every 30 ℃ increase in temperature,the residual strength of the pipeline decreases by 9. 5% to 28. 9%. The study can provide theoretical support for ensuring the safe operation of subsea pipeline during direct electrical heating.
Direct electrical heating technology transfers heat to the pipe by applying alternating current at both ends of the pipe wall to keep the fluid in the pipe at a high temperature,which can effectively prevent condensation in the pipe. To ensure the safety of subsea pipelines during direct electrical heating,the finite element software ABAQUS was used to analyze the stress and strength of the pipelines with defects under direct electrical heating.The influences of the defect length,width,depth and the temperature on the pipeline residual strength were analyzed. The analysis results show that given the same defect size,the stress level of pipeline with the axial defect is larger than that of the pipeline with circumferential defect. The increase of defect depth leads to a significant decrease in the residual strength of the pipeline. When the length of the defect is 20 ～ 100 mm,the increase of the defect length leads to a significant decrease in the residual strength of the pipeline. The effect of the defect width on the residual strength of the pipeline is not significant. For every 30 ℃ increase in temperature,the residual strength of the pipeline decreases by 9. 5% to 28. 9%. The study can provide theoretical support for ensuring the safe operation of subsea pipeline during direct electrical heating.
引文
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[3]ANSART B,MARRET A,PARENTEAU T,et al.Technical and economical comparison of subsea active heating technologies[R].OTC 24711-MS,2014.
[4]孔德慧,仪记敏.海底管道的腐蚀及防治措施[J].辽宁化工,2016,45(12):1543-1544.KONG D H,YI J M.Submarine pipeline corrosion and prevention measures[J].Liaoning Chemical Industry,2016,45(12):1543-1544.
[5]曹莉.腐蚀缺陷管道剩余强度评价方法研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2016.CAO L.Residual strength evaluation method of corroded pipeline with defects[D].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,2016.
[6]DNV GL.Assessment of Corroded pipelines:DNV-RP-F101[S].Oslo:DNV,2015.
[7]海洋石油工程专业标准化技术委员会.腐蚀管道评估的推荐做法:SY/T 10048-2003[S].北京:石油工业出版社,2003.Technical Committee for Standardization of Offshore Petroleum Engineering Specialty.Recommended practice for evaluation of corroded pipelines:SY/T 10048-2003[S].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2003.
[8]李敏,方江敏,王伟.ANSYS法对含腐蚀含缺陷管道的剩余强度评价[J].石油化工设备技术,2013,34(2):9-12.LI M,FANG J M,WANG W.Residual strength evaluation of natural gas pipeline with defects based on ansys method[J].Petro-Chemical Equipment Technology,2013,34(2):9-12.
[9]胡潜平.考虑管内流动的含体积型缺陷管道剩余强度评价方法研究[D].武汉:武汉工程大学,2016.HU Q P.Residual strength evaluation method of gas pipeline with internal corrosion defects considering the effect of fluid flow[D].Wuhan:Wuhan Institute of Technology,2016.
[10]王猛,赵冬岩.基于DNV-RP-F101规范的腐蚀海底管道强度评估研究[J].海洋工程装备与技术,2017,4(5):276-280.WANG M,ZHAO D Y.Strength assessment on corroded subsea pipeline based on the code of DNV-RP-F101[J].Ocean Engineering Equipment and Technology,2017,4(5):276-280.
[11]陈明祥.弹塑性力学[M].北京:科学出版社,2010.CHEN M X.Elastic-plastic mechanics[M].Beijing:Science Press,2010.