微胶囊在聚合物材料中的应用研究进展
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摘要
以微胶囊为媒介可以实现聚合材料的性能多元化。本文阐释了功能化微胶囊在聚合材料中的作用机理,简述了近年来它们在自润滑、自修复、阻燃领域的具体应用和现状,分析了功能化微胶囊的加入在实现了聚合材料的减摩抗磨、自我修复、阻燃等性能的同时对材料力学性能产生的影响。最后对微胶囊的未来研究方向进行展望。
Compared with traditional metal materials,polymer materials have relatively prominent advantages,but due to the lack of certain properties limits its application in special areas.Therefore,the microcapsules can being use as a medium to graft different properties on polymer materials.The functional mechanism of functionalized microcapsules in polymers was explained.The application and present situation of self-lubricating,self-repairing and flame-retardant polymer materials in recent years were briefly described.The effects of adding functionalized microcapsules on the mechanical properties of composites were also investigated,while the composites also achieved the other properties such as anti-friction,self-repair and flame retardancy.Finally,the future research directions of microcapsules were expected.
Compared with traditional metal materials,polymer materials have relatively prominent advantages,but due to the lack of certain properties limits its application in special areas.Therefore,the microcapsules can being use as a medium to graft different properties on polymer materials.The functional mechanism of functionalized microcapsules in polymers was explained.The application and present situation of self-lubricating,self-repairing and flame-retardant polymer materials in recent years were briefly described.The effects of adding functionalized microcapsules on the mechanical properties of composites were also investigated,while the composites also achieved the other properties such as anti-friction,self-repair and flame retardancy.Finally,the future research directions of microcapsules were expected.
引文
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[33] Yang Y,Niu M,Li J,et al.Preparation of carbon microspheres coated magnesium hydroxide and its application in polyethylene terephthalate as flame retardant[J].Polymer Degradation&Stability,2016,134:1-9.
[34] Yang Y,Niu M,Li J,et al.Synthesis of a novel microcapsule flame retardant and flame-retardant property of its composites with poly(ethylene terephthalate)[J].Journal of Polymer Research,2017,24(11):192.
[2]徐炽焕.微胶囊的制备及其应用[J].化工新型材料,2005,33(11):75-78.
[3]李志强,任彦荣.微胶囊技术及其应用研究进展[J].化学推进剂与高分子材料,2004,2(6):19-23.
[4] Nak-Ho S,Suh N P.Effect of fiber orientation on friction and wear of fiber reinforced polymeric composites[J].Wear,1979,53(1):129-141.
[5] Yang M,Zhu X,Ren G,et al.Tribological behaviors of polyurethane composite coatings filled with ionic liquid core/silica gel shell microcapsules[J].Tribology Letters,2015,58(1):1-9.
[6]谢凤,朱江.固体润滑剂概述[J].合成润滑材料,2007,34(1):31-33.
[7]朱立群,张玮.含润滑油微胶囊复合镀铜机理和镀层性能[J].物理化学学报,2004,20(8):795-800.
[8] Jibiki T,Shima M,Akita H,et al.A basic study of friction noise caused by fretting[J].Wear,2001,251(1):1492-1503.
[9] Ma L R,Luo J B.Advances in thin film lubrication(TFL):from discovery to the aroused further researches[J].Science China,2015,58(10):1609-1616.
[10]温诗铸,黄平.摩擦学原理-第2版[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002:171-178.
[11] Huang Y S,Guan J J,Ma G W,et al.Preparation and tribological performace of microcapsules of butyl stearate and melamine-formaldehyde resin[J].Advanced Materials Research,2013,712-715:105-110.
[12] White S R,Sottos N R,Geubelle P H,et al.Autonomic healing of polymer composites[J].Nature,2001,409(6822):794.
[13] Ming Y,Hu J,Xing J,et al.Preparation of polyurea/melamine formaldehyde double-layered self-healing microcapsules and investigation on core fraction[J].Journal of Microencapsulation,2016,33(4):307-314.
[14] Hu X,Guo Y,Chen L,et al.A novel polymeric intumescent flame retardant:synthesis,thermal degradation mechanism and application in ABS copolymer[J].Polymer Degradation&Stability,2012,97(9):1772-1778.
[15] Zhang G,Karger-Kocsis J,Zou J.Synergetic effect of carbon nanofibers and short carbon fibers on the mechanical and fracture properties of epoxy resin[J].Carbon,2010,48(15):4289-4300.
[16] Bahadur S.The development of transfer layers and their role in polymer tribology[J].Wear,2000,245(1-2):92-99.
[17] Khun N W,Zhang H,Yue C Y,et al.Self-lubricating and wear resistant epoxy composites incorporated with microencapsulated wax[J].Journal of Applied Mechanics,2014,81(7):071004.
[18] Li H,Ma Y,Li Z,et al.High temperature resistant polysulfone/silica double-wall microcapsules and their application inself-lubricating polypropylene[J].Rsc Advances,2017,7(79):50328-50335.
[19] Li H,Wang Q,Wang H,et al.Fabrication of thermally stable polysulfone microcapsules containing[EMIm][NTf2]ionic liquid for enhancement of in situ self-lubrication effect of epoxy[J].Macromolecular Materials&Engineering,2016,301(12):1473-1481.
[20] Yuan Y C,Rong M Z,Zhang M Q,et al.Self-Healing polymeric materials using epoxy/mercaptan as the healant[J].Macromolecules,2008,41(14):5197-5202.
[21] Khun N W,Zhang H,Yang J,et al.Mechanical and tribological properties of epoxy matrix composites modified with microencapsulated mixture of wax lubricant and multi-walled carbon nanotubes[J].Friction,2013,1(4):341-349.
[22] Wan Y Z,Luo H L,Wang Y L,et al.Friction and wear behavior of three-dimensional braided carbon fiber/epoxy composites under lubricated sliding conditions[J].Journal of Materials Science,2005,40(17):4475-4481.
[23] Friedrich K,Zhang Z,Schlarb A K.Effects of various fillers on the sliding wear of polymer composites[J].Composites Science&Technology,2005,65(15):2329-2343.
[24] Zhang Z,Breidt C,Chang L,et al.Enhancement of the wear resistance of epoxy:short carbon fibre,graphite,PTFE and nano-TiO2[J].Composites Part A Applied Science&Manufacturing,2004,35(12):1385-1392.
[25] Khun N W,Zhang H,Tang X Z,et al.Short carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy tribomaterials self-lubricated by wax containing microcapsules[J].Journal of Applied Mechanics,2014,81(12):121004-121004-7.
[26] Khun N W,Zhang H,Sun D W,et al.Tribological behaviors of binary and ternary epoxy composites functionalized with different microcapsules and reinforced by short carbon fibers[J].Wear,2016,350-351:89-98.
[27]豆立新,龚烈航,沈健,等.复合材料添加剂对改性PTFE的摩擦转移膜的形成和稳定作用[J].复合材料学报,2004,21(2):65-69.
[28] Li C,Zhong Z,Lin Y,et al.Tribological properties of high temperature resistant polymer composites with fine particles[J].Tribology International,2007,40(7):1170-1178.
[29] Tabor D.Surface forces and surface interactions[J].Journal of Colloid&Interface Science,1977,58(1):2-13.
[30] Jin H,Mangun C L,Griffin A S,et al.Thermally stable autonomic healing in epoxy using a dual-microcapsule system[J].Advanced Materials,2014,26(2):282-287.
[31] Zhu D Y,Rong M Z,Zhang M Q.Preparation and characterization of multilayered microcapsule-like microreactor for selfhealing polymers[J].Polymer,2013,54(16):4227-4236.
[32] Crall M D,Keller M W.Targeted self-healing by magnetically guiding microcapsules[J].Acs Applied Materials&Interfaces,2017,9(7):6504-6511.
[33] Yang Y,Niu M,Li J,et al.Preparation of carbon microspheres coated magnesium hydroxide and its application in polyethylene terephthalate as flame retardant[J].Polymer Degradation&Stability,2016,134:1-9.
[34] Yang Y,Niu M,Li J,et al.Synthesis of a novel microcapsule flame retardant and flame-retardant property of its composites with poly(ethylene terephthalate)[J].Journal of Polymer Research,2017,24(11):192.