地震动持时对考虑梁柱节点区不同破坏模式RC框架的地震易损性影响
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摘要
地震动持时对非弹性结构的累积损伤和破坏有较大影响,但目前抗震分析设计中对地震动持时的规定是不明确的。从美国太平洋地震工程研究中心地震动数据库中选择具有不同持时和加速度峰值的60条地震动记录(PEER)中选取具有不同持时和加速度峰值的60条地震动记录,并划分为长、短持时两组各30条。利用Open Sees分析软件建立了一钢筋混凝土框架-填充墙结构教学楼的三维空间模型。分别以梁柱节点区不考虑非弹性变形、梁柱节点区考虑钢筋黏结滑移、梁柱节点区考虑钢筋黏结滑移和剪切变形三种工况来依次模拟节点区的破坏模式。以此60条地震动记录为输入进行结构的地震易损性分析,得到在五种损伤水平下,对应于不同工况两组持时记录的结构地震易损性曲线,进而评估地震动持时对考虑节点区不同破坏模式结构抗震性能的影响。分析结果表明,相对于短持时地震动记录,长持时地震动记录使结构在相应损伤水平和工况下的超越概率明显提高;同一损伤水平下,按照梁柱节点区不考虑非弹性变形,考虑钢筋黏结滑移,同时考虑钢筋黏结滑移和剪切变形的顺序,长、短持时地震动记录作用下其超越概率均显著提高,且长持时地震动记录对节点区考虑钢筋黏结滑移和剪切变形结构的影响更为明显。
Ground motion duration has great influence on the cumulative fragility and damage of inelastic structures, but the consideration of duration is not clear in current seismic analysis and design. 60 ground motion records with different durations and peak ground accelerations were selected from the PEER strong ground motion database, and categorized as 30 long-and 30 short-duration records. A three-dimensional model of an infilled RC frame teaching building was built via Open Sees. In order to simulate the different failure modes of the beam-column joints, three models were taken, which are the beam-column joints without considering inelastic deformation, with considering the bar bond-slip, and with considering both the bar bond-slip and the shear deformation. Seismic fragility analysis was carried out on the three models under the 60 ground motion records, and the fragility curves for two the kinds of records under different cases were obtained corresponding to five damage levels. Furthermore, the influence of ground motion duration on structural seismic behavior considering the different failure modes of beam-column joints was evaluated. The analytical results show that comparing with the short-duration records, the long-duration records can increase the structural exceedance probability obviously for the corresponding damage levels and beam-column joint cases. Comparing with the case without considering inelastic deformation of beam-column joints, both long-and short-duration records can increase the structural exceedance probability clearly under the same damage level when considering the bar bond-slip or considering both the bar bond-slip and the shear deformation. The effect of long-duration ground motion records on structural seismic performance considering the bar bond-slip and the shear deformation of the beam-column joints is more obvious.
Ground motion duration has great influence on the cumulative fragility and damage of inelastic structures, but the consideration of duration is not clear in current seismic analysis and design. 60 ground motion records with different durations and peak ground accelerations were selected from the PEER strong ground motion database, and categorized as 30 long-and 30 short-duration records. A three-dimensional model of an infilled RC frame teaching building was built via Open Sees. In order to simulate the different failure modes of the beam-column joints, three models were taken, which are the beam-column joints without considering inelastic deformation, with considering the bar bond-slip, and with considering both the bar bond-slip and the shear deformation. Seismic fragility analysis was carried out on the three models under the 60 ground motion records, and the fragility curves for two the kinds of records under different cases were obtained corresponding to five damage levels. Furthermore, the influence of ground motion duration on structural seismic behavior considering the different failure modes of beam-column joints was evaluated. The analytical results show that comparing with the short-duration records, the long-duration records can increase the structural exceedance probability obviously for the corresponding damage levels and beam-column joint cases. Comparing with the case without considering inelastic deformation of beam-column joints, both long-and short-duration records can increase the structural exceedance probability clearly under the same damage level when considering the bar bond-slip or considering both the bar bond-slip and the shear deformation. The effect of long-duration ground motion records on structural seismic performance considering the bar bond-slip and the shear deformation of the beam-column joints is more obvious.
引文
[1]Midorikawa S,Miura H,Si H.Preliminary analysis for characteristics of strong ground motion from gigantic earthquakes[C]//Proceedings of the 15th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering.Lisboa,Portugal:International Association for Earthquake Engineering,2012.
[2]李杰,李国强.地震工程学导论[M].北京:地震出版社,1992:51―53.Li Jie,Li Guoqiang.Introduction to earthquake engineering[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,1992:51―53.(in Chinese)
[3]Bommer J J,Magenes G,Hancock J,et al.The influence of strong motion duration on the seismic response of masonry structures[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2004,2(1):1―26.
[4]Reagan C,Baker J W,Deierlein G G,et al.Hazard-consistent ground motion duration:calculation procedure and impact on structural collapse risk[C]//Proceedings of the 10th U.S.National Conference on Earthquake Engineering.Alaska:Earthquake Engineering Research Institute,2014.
[5]Foschaar J C,Baker J W,Deierlein G G.Preliminary assessment of ground motion duration effects on structural collapse[C]//Proceedings of the 15th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering.Lisboa,Portugal:International Association for Earthquake Engineering,2012.
[6]Lin L,Naumoski N,Saatcioglu M,et al.Effects of strong-motion duration on the response of reinforced concrete frame buildings[C]//Proceeings of the 9th U.S.National and 10th Canadian Conference on Earthquake Engineering.Toronto,Canada:Canadian Association for Earthquake Engineering,2010.
[7]Raghunandan M,Liel A B.Effect of ground motion duration on earthquake-induced structural collapse[J].Structural Safety,2013,41:119―133.
[8]韩建平,孙小云,周颖.基于规范谱拟合的人工地震动持时对RC框架结构抗倒塌能力影响[J].建筑结构学报,2016,37(7):121―126.Han Jianping,Sun Xiaoyun,Zhou Ying.Effect of code-spectrum-matched artificial ground motion duration on collapse resistance capacity of RC frame[J].Journal of Building Structures,2016,37(7):121―126.(in Chinese)
[9]Zhao B,Taucera F,Rossettob T.Field investigation on the performance of building structures during the 12 May2008 Wenchuan earthquake in China[J].Engineering Structures,2009,31(8):1707―1723.
[10]杨红,莫林辉,陈进可,等.钢筋混凝土梁柱节点区非弹性变形的改进模型研究[J].建筑结构学报,2014,35(3):128―137.Yang Hong,Mo Linhui,Chen Jinke,et al.Study on modified models for inelastic deformation of reinforced concrete beam-column joints[J].Journal of Building Structures,2014,35(3):128―137.(in Chinese)
[11]朱绩超,王响,张勤.考虑粘结-滑移与剪切作用的钢筋混凝土柱侧向变形分析[J].工程力学,2015,32(7):128―135.Zhu Jichao,Wang Xiang,Zhang Qin.Lateral deformations analysis of reinforced concrete columns incorporating bond-slip and shear effects[J].Engineering Mechanics,2015,32(7):128―135.(in Chinese)
[12]于晓辉,吕大刚,王光远.土木工程结构地震易损性分析的研究进展[C]//第二届结构工程新进展国际论坛论文集.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2008:763―774.Yu Xiaohui,LüDagang,Wang Guangyuan.Seismic fragility analysis of civil engineering structures:state-of-the-art[C]//Proceedings of 2nd International Forum on Advances in Structure Engineering.Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2008:763―774.(in Chinese)
[13]何益斌,李艳,沈蒲生.基于性能的高层混合结构地震易损性分析[J].工程力学,2013,30(8):142―147.He Yibin,Li Yan,Shen Pusheng.Performance-based seismic fragility analysis of tall hybrid structures[J].Engineering Mechanics,2013,30(8):142―147.(in Chinese)
[14]姜绍飞,杨博,党永勤.易损性分析在结构抗震及健康监测中的应用[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2008,25(2):15―23.Jiang Shaofei,Yang Bo,Dang Yongqin.Application of vulnerability analysis in structural seism and health monitoring[J].Journal of Architecture and Civil Engineering,2008,25(2):15―23.(in Chinese)
[15]于晓辉,吕大刚.HAZUS相容的钢筋混凝土框架结构地震易损性分析[J].工程力学,2016,33(3):152―160.Yu Xiaohui,LüDagang.HAZUS-compatible seismic fragility analysis for RC frame structures[J].Engineering Mechanics,2016,33(3):152―160.(in Chinese)
[16]Trifunac M D,Brady A G.A study on the duration of strong earthquake of ground motion[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of American,1975,65(3):581―626.
[17]Kempton J J,Stewart J P.Prediction equations for significant duration of earthquake ground motions considering site and near-source effects[J].Earthquake Spectra,2006,22(4):985―1013.
[18]韩建平,杨军平.考虑结构构件退化特性评估大震下RC框架抗整体性倒塌能力[J].地震工程与工程振动,2012,32(6):111―122.Han Jianping,Yang Junping.Investigation on global collapse resistance capacity of RC frame under severe earthquake considering deterioration characteristic of structural components[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2012,32(6):111―122.(in Chinese)
[19]Mazzoni S,Mc Kenna F,Fenves G L.The Open Sees getting started manual[EB/OL].[2015-03-31].http://opensees.berkeley.edu,2007.7.1.
[20]Kunnath S K,Heo Y A,Mohle J F.Nonlinear uniaxial material model for reinforcing steel bars[J].ASCE Journal of Structural Engineering,2009,135(4):335―343.
[21]韩建平,黄林杰,孙小云.考虑填充墙平面内外相互作用评估RC框架-填充墙结构抗整体性倒塌能力[J].工程力学,2016,33(9):146―154.Han Jianping,Huang Linjie,Sun Xiaoyun.Global collapse resistance capacity investigation of infilled RC frame considering in-plane and out-of-plane interaction of infill walls[J].Engineering Mechanics,2016,33(9):146―154.(in Chinese)
[22]Zhao J,Sritharan S.Modeling of strain penetration effects in fiber-based analysis of reinforced concrete structures[J].ACI Structural Journal,2007,104(2):133―141.
[23]Elwood K J,Moehle J P.Dynamic collapse analysis for a reinforced concrete frame sustaining shear and axial failures[J].Earthquke Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2008,37(7):991―1012.
[24]吴巧云,朱宏平,樊剑.基于性能的钢筋混凝土框架结构地震易损性分析[J].工程力学,2012,29(9):117―124.Wu Qiaoyun,Zhu Hongping,Fan Jian.Performancebased seismic fragility analysis of RC frame structures[J].Engineering mechanics,2012,29(9):117―124.(in Chinese)
[25]GB 50011—2010,建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.GB 50011—2010,Code for seismic design of buildings[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2010.(in Chinese)
[2]李杰,李国强.地震工程学导论[M].北京:地震出版社,1992:51―53.Li Jie,Li Guoqiang.Introduction to earthquake engineering[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,1992:51―53.(in Chinese)
[3]Bommer J J,Magenes G,Hancock J,et al.The influence of strong motion duration on the seismic response of masonry structures[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2004,2(1):1―26.
[4]Reagan C,Baker J W,Deierlein G G,et al.Hazard-consistent ground motion duration:calculation procedure and impact on structural collapse risk[C]//Proceedings of the 10th U.S.National Conference on Earthquake Engineering.Alaska:Earthquake Engineering Research Institute,2014.
[5]Foschaar J C,Baker J W,Deierlein G G.Preliminary assessment of ground motion duration effects on structural collapse[C]//Proceedings of the 15th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering.Lisboa,Portugal:International Association for Earthquake Engineering,2012.
[6]Lin L,Naumoski N,Saatcioglu M,et al.Effects of strong-motion duration on the response of reinforced concrete frame buildings[C]//Proceeings of the 9th U.S.National and 10th Canadian Conference on Earthquake Engineering.Toronto,Canada:Canadian Association for Earthquake Engineering,2010.
[7]Raghunandan M,Liel A B.Effect of ground motion duration on earthquake-induced structural collapse[J].Structural Safety,2013,41:119―133.
[8]韩建平,孙小云,周颖.基于规范谱拟合的人工地震动持时对RC框架结构抗倒塌能力影响[J].建筑结构学报,2016,37(7):121―126.Han Jianping,Sun Xiaoyun,Zhou Ying.Effect of code-spectrum-matched artificial ground motion duration on collapse resistance capacity of RC frame[J].Journal of Building Structures,2016,37(7):121―126.(in Chinese)
[9]Zhao B,Taucera F,Rossettob T.Field investigation on the performance of building structures during the 12 May2008 Wenchuan earthquake in China[J].Engineering Structures,2009,31(8):1707―1723.
[10]杨红,莫林辉,陈进可,等.钢筋混凝土梁柱节点区非弹性变形的改进模型研究[J].建筑结构学报,2014,35(3):128―137.Yang Hong,Mo Linhui,Chen Jinke,et al.Study on modified models for inelastic deformation of reinforced concrete beam-column joints[J].Journal of Building Structures,2014,35(3):128―137.(in Chinese)
[11]朱绩超,王响,张勤.考虑粘结-滑移与剪切作用的钢筋混凝土柱侧向变形分析[J].工程力学,2015,32(7):128―135.Zhu Jichao,Wang Xiang,Zhang Qin.Lateral deformations analysis of reinforced concrete columns incorporating bond-slip and shear effects[J].Engineering Mechanics,2015,32(7):128―135.(in Chinese)
[12]于晓辉,吕大刚,王光远.土木工程结构地震易损性分析的研究进展[C]//第二届结构工程新进展国际论坛论文集.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2008:763―774.Yu Xiaohui,LüDagang,Wang Guangyuan.Seismic fragility analysis of civil engineering structures:state-of-the-art[C]//Proceedings of 2nd International Forum on Advances in Structure Engineering.Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2008:763―774.(in Chinese)
[13]何益斌,李艳,沈蒲生.基于性能的高层混合结构地震易损性分析[J].工程力学,2013,30(8):142―147.He Yibin,Li Yan,Shen Pusheng.Performance-based seismic fragility analysis of tall hybrid structures[J].Engineering Mechanics,2013,30(8):142―147.(in Chinese)
[14]姜绍飞,杨博,党永勤.易损性分析在结构抗震及健康监测中的应用[J].建筑科学与工程学报,2008,25(2):15―23.Jiang Shaofei,Yang Bo,Dang Yongqin.Application of vulnerability analysis in structural seism and health monitoring[J].Journal of Architecture and Civil Engineering,2008,25(2):15―23.(in Chinese)
[15]于晓辉,吕大刚.HAZUS相容的钢筋混凝土框架结构地震易损性分析[J].工程力学,2016,33(3):152―160.Yu Xiaohui,LüDagang.HAZUS-compatible seismic fragility analysis for RC frame structures[J].Engineering Mechanics,2016,33(3):152―160.(in Chinese)
[16]Trifunac M D,Brady A G.A study on the duration of strong earthquake of ground motion[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of American,1975,65(3):581―626.
[17]Kempton J J,Stewart J P.Prediction equations for significant duration of earthquake ground motions considering site and near-source effects[J].Earthquake Spectra,2006,22(4):985―1013.
[18]韩建平,杨军平.考虑结构构件退化特性评估大震下RC框架抗整体性倒塌能力[J].地震工程与工程振动,2012,32(6):111―122.Han Jianping,Yang Junping.Investigation on global collapse resistance capacity of RC frame under severe earthquake considering deterioration characteristic of structural components[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2012,32(6):111―122.(in Chinese)
[19]Mazzoni S,Mc Kenna F,Fenves G L.The Open Sees getting started manual[EB/OL].[2015-03-31].http://opensees.berkeley.edu,2007.7.1.
[20]Kunnath S K,Heo Y A,Mohle J F.Nonlinear uniaxial material model for reinforcing steel bars[J].ASCE Journal of Structural Engineering,2009,135(4):335―343.
[21]韩建平,黄林杰,孙小云.考虑填充墙平面内外相互作用评估RC框架-填充墙结构抗整体性倒塌能力[J].工程力学,2016,33(9):146―154.Han Jianping,Huang Linjie,Sun Xiaoyun.Global collapse resistance capacity investigation of infilled RC frame considering in-plane and out-of-plane interaction of infill walls[J].Engineering Mechanics,2016,33(9):146―154.(in Chinese)
[22]Zhao J,Sritharan S.Modeling of strain penetration effects in fiber-based analysis of reinforced concrete structures[J].ACI Structural Journal,2007,104(2):133―141.
[23]Elwood K J,Moehle J P.Dynamic collapse analysis for a reinforced concrete frame sustaining shear and axial failures[J].Earthquke Engineering and Structural Dynamics,2008,37(7):991―1012.
[24]吴巧云,朱宏平,樊剑.基于性能的钢筋混凝土框架结构地震易损性分析[J].工程力学,2012,29(9):117―124.Wu Qiaoyun,Zhu Hongping,Fan Jian.Performancebased seismic fragility analysis of RC frame structures[J].Engineering mechanics,2012,29(9):117―124.(in Chinese)
[25]GB 50011—2010,建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2010.GB 50011—2010,Code for seismic design of buildings[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2010.(in Chinese)