羊草种质资源抗旱性综合评价
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摘要
以54份羊草种质资源为研究对象,设置干旱胁迫处理和正常灌水对照,在温室中进行盆栽试验。干旱处理3周后,对其株高、叶长、叶宽、叶片数、分蘖数、鲜重、干重、叶绿素含量、存活率、脯氨酸含量、丙二醛含量等指标进行测定,计算单项抗旱系数、抗旱性度量值,运用相关分析、主成分分析、隶属函数、聚类分析和灰色关联分析等方法对羊草种质资源抗旱性进行综合评价。结果表明,在干旱胁迫下,羊草叶片中脯氨酸、丙二醛含量升高,其余指标平均值均小于正常灌水对照;除株高和分蘖数外,其余指标的干旱变异指数均大于10%,说明选取的指标大部分具有较强的代表性;通过隶属函数和聚类分析将54份材料划分成高抗旱(Ⅰ类,4份)、抗旱(Ⅱ类,12份)、中等抗旱(Ⅲ类,4份)、干旱敏感(Ⅳ类,30份)、干旱高敏感(Ⅴ类,4份)五类;分蘖数、丙二醛、脯氨酸等与羊草种质资源抗旱性关联度较大,敏感度较高;筛选出的抗旱性较强种质资源为LC24和LC34,抗旱性较弱种质资源为LC40和LC43。
This study aimed to evaluate the drought resistance of 54 Leymus chinensis germplasm resources.A pot experiment was conducted in the greenhouse,with a three times replicated completely randomized design at the normal water supply and drought treatment.After 3weeks of treatment,the plant height,leaf length,leaf width,leaf number,tiller number,fresh weight,dry weight,chlorophyll content,survival rate,proline(Pro),malondialdehyde(MDA)were determined,and drought resistance coefficient(DC value),drought resistance comprehensive evaluation value(D value),correlation analysis,principal component analysis,membership function,cluster analysis and grey correlation analysis were used to comprehensive evaluation on drought-resistance of Leymus chinensis germplasm resources.The result shows that the content of Pro and MDA in leaves of Leymus chinensis were increased under drought stress,and the mean values of the other indicators were lower than those of the normal water supply;Except plant height and tiller number,the drought variation index of the other indexes was greater than10%,indicating that most of the selected indexes were highly representative;Through cluster analysis and membership function,the 54 accessions were divided into high drought resistance(classⅠ,4accessions),drought(classⅡ,12accessions),moderate(classⅢ,4accessions),sensitive(classⅣ,30accessions),and highly sensitivity(classⅤ,4accessions);The tiller number,MDA and Pro were significantly correlated and high sensitivity with drought resistance of Leymus chinensis germplasm resources;The germplasm resources with strong drought resistance were LC24 and LC34,and the germplasm resources with weak drought resistance were LC40 and LC43.
This study aimed to evaluate the drought resistance of 54 Leymus chinensis germplasm resources.A pot experiment was conducted in the greenhouse,with a three times replicated completely randomized design at the normal water supply and drought treatment.After 3weeks of treatment,the plant height,leaf length,leaf width,leaf number,tiller number,fresh weight,dry weight,chlorophyll content,survival rate,proline(Pro),malondialdehyde(MDA)were determined,and drought resistance coefficient(DC value),drought resistance comprehensive evaluation value(D value),correlation analysis,principal component analysis,membership function,cluster analysis and grey correlation analysis were used to comprehensive evaluation on drought-resistance of Leymus chinensis germplasm resources.The result shows that the content of Pro and MDA in leaves of Leymus chinensis were increased under drought stress,and the mean values of the other indicators were lower than those of the normal water supply;Except plant height and tiller number,the drought variation index of the other indexes was greater than10%,indicating that most of the selected indexes were highly representative;Through cluster analysis and membership function,the 54 accessions were divided into high drought resistance(classⅠ,4accessions),drought(classⅡ,12accessions),moderate(classⅢ,4accessions),sensitive(classⅣ,30accessions),and highly sensitivity(classⅤ,4accessions);The tiller number,MDA and Pro were significantly correlated and high sensitivity with drought resistance of Leymus chinensis germplasm resources;The germplasm resources with strong drought resistance were LC24 and LC34,and the germplasm resources with weak drought resistance were LC40 and LC43.
引文
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[9]韩瑞宏,蒋超,董朝霞,等.47份苜蓿种质材料抗旱性综合评价[J].中国草地学报,2017,39(4):27-35.Han Ruihong,Jiang Chao,Dong Chaoxia,et al.Comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance of 47 Medicago germplasm materials under drought stress[J].Chinese Journal of Grassland,2017,39(4):27-35.
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[11]杨劼.羊草种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2010.Yang Jie.Specifications and data standards for description of germplasm resources of Leymus chinensis[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2010.
[12]李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2002.Li Hesheng.Experimental principle and technology of plant physiology and biochemistry[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2002.
[13]王曙光,孙黛珍,周福平,等.六倍体小黑麦萌发期抗旱性分析[J].中国生态农业学报,2008,16(6):1403-1408.Wang Shuguang,Sun Daizhen,Zhou Fuping,et al.Analysis of drought resistance of hexaploid triticale at sprouting stage[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2008,16(6):1403-1408.
[14]罗俊杰,欧巧明,叶春雷,等.重要胡麻栽培品种的抗旱性综合评价及指标筛选[J].作物学报,2014,40(7):1259-1273.Luo Junjie,Ou Qiaoming,Ye Chunlei,et al.Comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance and screening of indices of important flax cultivars[J].Acta Agriculturae Sinica,2014,40(7):1259-1273.
[15]祁旭升,王兴荣,许军,等.胡麻种质资源成株期抗旱性评价[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(15):3076-3087.Qi Xusheng,Wang Xingrong,Xu Jun,et al.Drought-resistance evaluation of flax germplasm at adult plant stage[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2010,43(15):3076-3087.
[16]兰巨生.农作物综合抗旱性评价方法的研究[J].西北农业学报,1998,7(3):92-94.Lan Jusheng.Comparison of evaluating methods for agronomic drought resistance in crops[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Occidentalis Sinica,1998,7(3):92-94.
[17]王兰芬,武晶,景蕊莲,等.绿豆种质资源苗期抗旱性鉴定[J].作物学报,2015,41(1):145-153.Wang Lanfen,Wu Jing,Jing Ruilian,et al.Drought resistance identification of mungbean germplasm resources at seedlings stage[J].Acta Agriculturae Sinica,2015,41(1):145-153.
[18]李忠旺,陈玉梁,罗俊杰,等.棉花抗旱品种筛选鉴定及抗旱性综合评价方法[J].干旱地区农业研究,2017,35(1):240-247.Li Zhongwang,Chen Yuliang,Luo Junjie,et al.Screening and evaluation for drought resistance of cotton varieties[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,2017,35(1):240-247.
[19]王士强,胡银岗,佘奎军,等.小麦抗旱相关农艺性状和生理生化性状的灰色关联度分析[J].中国农业科学,2007,40(11):2452-2459.Wang Shiqiang,Hu Yingang,She Kuijun,et al.Gray relational grade analysis of agronomical and physi-biochemical traits related to drought tolerance in wheat[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2007,40(11):2452-2459.
[20]任文伟,罗岫泉,郑师章.不同种源羊草的SOD、POD的活性及丙二醛含量的比较[J].植物生态学报,1997,21(1):79-84.Ren Wenwei,Luo Xiuquan,Zheng Shizhang.POD’s and SOD’s activity and MDA’s content in different geographic population of Leymus chinensis[J].Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,1997,21(1):79-84.
[21]汪灿,周棱波,张国兵,等.薏苡种质资源苗期抗旱性鉴定及抗旱指标筛选[J].中国农业科学,2017,50(15):2872-2887.Wang Can,Zhou Lengbo,Zhang Guobing,et al.Drought resistance identification and drought resistance indices screening of job’s tears(Coxi lacryma-jobi L.)germplasm resources at seedling stage[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2017,50(15):2872-2887.
[22]张东玲,刘建宁,王运琦,等.羊茅种质资源苗期抗旱生理响应及综合评价[J].山西农业科学,2010,38(10):20-25.Zhang Dongling,Liu Jianning,Wang Yunqi,et al.Physiological response and comprehensive evaluation on the drought resistance of germplasm resources at seedling stage in Festuca[J].Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences,2010,38(10):20-25.
[23]赵丽丽,吴佳海,陈莹,等.干旱对高羊茅生理特性的影响及抗旱性评价[J].中国草地学报,2015,37(4):15-20.Zhao Lili,Wu Jiahai,Chen Ying,et al.Effects of drought stress on physiological characteristics of Festuca arundinacea and evaluation of their drought resistances[J].Chinese Journal of Grassland,2015,37(4):15-20.
[2]刘惠芬,高玉葆,张强,等.不同种群羊草幼苗对土壤干旱胁迫的生理生态响应[J].南开大学学报(自然科学版),2004,37(4):105-110.Liu Huifen,Gao Yubao,Zhang Qiang,et al.Physio-ecological responses and their adaptation of different geographic Leymus chinensis populations to soil drought stress[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturallum(Universitatis Nakaiensis),2004,37(4):105-110.
[3]刘公社,李晓霞,齐冬梅,等.羊草种质资源的评价与利用[J].科学通报,2016,61(2):271-281.Liu Gongshe,Li Xiaoxia,Qi Dongmei,et al.Evaluation and utilization of Leymus chinensis germplasm resources[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2016,61(2):271-281.
[4]刘敏,龚吉蕊,张梓瑜,等.北方干旱区优良牧草抗旱性和抗寒性研究进展[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2015,43(3):56-62,76.Liu Min,Gong Jirui,Zhang Ziyu,et al.Progress in drought resistance and cold tolerance of artificial pastures in northern arid areas[J].Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition),2015,43(3):56-62,76.
[5]许振柱,周广胜.不同温度条件下土壤水分对羊草幼苗生长特性的影响[J].生态学杂志,2005,24(3):256-260.Xu Zhenzhu,Zhou Guangsheng.Effects of soil moisture on growth characteristics of Leymus chinensis seedlings under different temperature conditions[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2005,24(3):256-260.
[6]任文伟,钱吉,马骏,等.不同地理种群羊草在聚乙二醇胁迫下含水量和游离脯氨酸含量的比较[J].生态学报,2000,20(2):349-352.Ren Wenwei,Qian Ji,Ma Jun,et al.Comparative study of Leymus chinensis’s water content and free proline of different geographic populations under the force of different consistency PEG[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2000,20(2):349-352.
[7]周婵,杨允菲,李建东.松嫩平原两种趋异类型羊草对干旱胁迫的生理响应[J].应用生态学报,2002,13(9):1109-1112.Zhou Chan,Yang Yunfei,Li Jiandong.Physiological response of two divergent Leymus chinensis types to drought stress in the Songnen plain[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2002,13(9):1109-1112.
[8]刘惠芬,高玉葆,史铭均.不同种群羊草幼苗保护酶系统对干旱的反应及其生理生态适应[J].农业环境科学学报,2003,22(6):641-646.Liu Huifen,Gao Yubao,Shi Mingjun.Responses of protective enzyme system of Leymus chinensis populations from differently geographic areas to osmotic stress and their physio-ecological adaptability[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2003,22(6):641-646.
[9]韩瑞宏,蒋超,董朝霞,等.47份苜蓿种质材料抗旱性综合评价[J].中国草地学报,2017,39(4):27-35.Han Ruihong,Jiang Chao,Dong Chaoxia,et al.Comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance of 47 Medicago germplasm materials under drought stress[J].Chinese Journal of Grassland,2017,39(4):27-35.
[10]侯建华,云锦凤,张东晖.羊草(Leymus chinensis)与灰色赖草(Leymus cinereus)及其杂交种(F1)的抗旱生理特性比较[J].干旱地区农业研究,2004,22(4):131-134.Hou Jianhuai,Yun Jinfeng,Zhang Donghui.Studies on physiological indices of drought resistance in Leymus chinensis and Leymus cinereus(F1)as well as their hybrid[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,2004,22(4):131-134.
[11]杨劼.羊草种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2010.Yang Jie.Specifications and data standards for description of germplasm resources of Leymus chinensis[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2010.
[12]李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2002.Li Hesheng.Experimental principle and technology of plant physiology and biochemistry[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2002.
[13]王曙光,孙黛珍,周福平,等.六倍体小黑麦萌发期抗旱性分析[J].中国生态农业学报,2008,16(6):1403-1408.Wang Shuguang,Sun Daizhen,Zhou Fuping,et al.Analysis of drought resistance of hexaploid triticale at sprouting stage[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2008,16(6):1403-1408.
[14]罗俊杰,欧巧明,叶春雷,等.重要胡麻栽培品种的抗旱性综合评价及指标筛选[J].作物学报,2014,40(7):1259-1273.Luo Junjie,Ou Qiaoming,Ye Chunlei,et al.Comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance and screening of indices of important flax cultivars[J].Acta Agriculturae Sinica,2014,40(7):1259-1273.
[15]祁旭升,王兴荣,许军,等.胡麻种质资源成株期抗旱性评价[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(15):3076-3087.Qi Xusheng,Wang Xingrong,Xu Jun,et al.Drought-resistance evaluation of flax germplasm at adult plant stage[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2010,43(15):3076-3087.
[16]兰巨生.农作物综合抗旱性评价方法的研究[J].西北农业学报,1998,7(3):92-94.Lan Jusheng.Comparison of evaluating methods for agronomic drought resistance in crops[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Occidentalis Sinica,1998,7(3):92-94.
[17]王兰芬,武晶,景蕊莲,等.绿豆种质资源苗期抗旱性鉴定[J].作物学报,2015,41(1):145-153.Wang Lanfen,Wu Jing,Jing Ruilian,et al.Drought resistance identification of mungbean germplasm resources at seedlings stage[J].Acta Agriculturae Sinica,2015,41(1):145-153.
[18]李忠旺,陈玉梁,罗俊杰,等.棉花抗旱品种筛选鉴定及抗旱性综合评价方法[J].干旱地区农业研究,2017,35(1):240-247.Li Zhongwang,Chen Yuliang,Luo Junjie,et al.Screening and evaluation for drought resistance of cotton varieties[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,2017,35(1):240-247.
[19]王士强,胡银岗,佘奎军,等.小麦抗旱相关农艺性状和生理生化性状的灰色关联度分析[J].中国农业科学,2007,40(11):2452-2459.Wang Shiqiang,Hu Yingang,She Kuijun,et al.Gray relational grade analysis of agronomical and physi-biochemical traits related to drought tolerance in wheat[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2007,40(11):2452-2459.
[20]任文伟,罗岫泉,郑师章.不同种源羊草的SOD、POD的活性及丙二醛含量的比较[J].植物生态学报,1997,21(1):79-84.Ren Wenwei,Luo Xiuquan,Zheng Shizhang.POD’s and SOD’s activity and MDA’s content in different geographic population of Leymus chinensis[J].Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,1997,21(1):79-84.
[21]汪灿,周棱波,张国兵,等.薏苡种质资源苗期抗旱性鉴定及抗旱指标筛选[J].中国农业科学,2017,50(15):2872-2887.Wang Can,Zhou Lengbo,Zhang Guobing,et al.Drought resistance identification and drought resistance indices screening of job’s tears(Coxi lacryma-jobi L.)germplasm resources at seedling stage[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2017,50(15):2872-2887.
[22]张东玲,刘建宁,王运琦,等.羊茅种质资源苗期抗旱生理响应及综合评价[J].山西农业科学,2010,38(10):20-25.Zhang Dongling,Liu Jianning,Wang Yunqi,et al.Physiological response and comprehensive evaluation on the drought resistance of germplasm resources at seedling stage in Festuca[J].Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences,2010,38(10):20-25.
[23]赵丽丽,吴佳海,陈莹,等.干旱对高羊茅生理特性的影响及抗旱性评价[J].中国草地学报,2015,37(4):15-20.Zhao Lili,Wu Jiahai,Chen Ying,et al.Effects of drought stress on physiological characteristics of Festuca arundinacea and evaluation of their drought resistances[J].Chinese Journal of Grassland,2015,37(4):15-20.