新型职业农民对接城镇职保的试点经验分析——以上海、苏州、威海和成都为例
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摘要
社会保障是培育新型职业农民的重要支撑,其建立完善有助于增进新型职业农民的身份认同,缓解其后顾之忧。新型职业农民参加城镇职保的比例偏低(约10%),并多以灵活就业方式参保。为支持新型职业农民参加城镇职保,一些地方对部分认定的新型职业农民给予社保补贴,但各地在补贴对象与标准方面存在显著差异,并普遍存在财政压力大、政策落地难、补贴政策不尽公平合理等问题。亟待中央统一补贴标准、分担补贴成本、探索以单位就业身份参保缴费等。
Social security is an important part of cultivating new type of professional farmers. Its establishment and improvement will help to enhance ability of risk-coping,professional identity and alleviate their worries. At present,China has not formulated and implemented a new national social security support policy for professional farmers,but pilot projects have been carried out in some areas. This paper summarizes the practices of some pilot areas and analyses the existing problems. The study found that the proportion of new-type professional farmers participating in urban endowment and medical insurance is low( about 10%) and they mostly participate in insurance by flexible employment. The common practice in pilot areas is to give some new-type professional farmers social insurance subsidies according to certain standards to support them to participate in urban employees' endowment and medical insurance,but to make up for them. There are significant differences between subsidized objects and subsidy standards,such as financial pressure,difficult policy landing,unfair and reasonable subsidy policy and so on. It is urgent for the central government to unify the subsidy standard,share the cost of subsidy,explore the contribution of insurance as a unit of employment.
Social security is an important part of cultivating new type of professional farmers. Its establishment and improvement will help to enhance ability of risk-coping,professional identity and alleviate their worries. At present,China has not formulated and implemented a new national social security support policy for professional farmers,but pilot projects have been carried out in some areas. This paper summarizes the practices of some pilot areas and analyses the existing problems. The study found that the proportion of new-type professional farmers participating in urban endowment and medical insurance is low( about 10%) and they mostly participate in insurance by flexible employment. The common practice in pilot areas is to give some new-type professional farmers social insurance subsidies according to certain standards to support them to participate in urban employees' endowment and medical insurance,but to make up for them. There are significant differences between subsidized objects and subsidy standards,such as financial pressure,difficult policy landing,unfair and reasonable subsidy policy and so on. It is urgent for the central government to unify the subsidy standard,share the cost of subsidy,explore the contribution of insurance as a unit of employment.
引文
1. H·孟德拉斯.李培林译.农民的终结.社会科学文献出版社,2005
2 .郭智奇,齐国,杨慧,赵娉,白瑜.培育新型职业农民问题的研究.中国职业技术教育,2012(15):7~13
3 .薛惠元,仙蜜花.灵活就业人员参加养老保险的制度选择——基于职保与城乡居保制度比较的视角.保险研究,2015(2):94~104
4 .赵定东,陈亚.日韩农村养老保险制度现代化的异同及对中国的启示.日本问题研究,2017(6)
(1)成都市人民政府办公厅.关于加强农业职业经理人队伍建设的意见,http://gk.chengdu.gov.cn/govI nfoPub/detail.action?id=66262&tn=6
*若按2000元标准参加居民保险,累计缴费30年,本可折算成职保最低缴费档次的17年
2 .郭智奇,齐国,杨慧,赵娉,白瑜.培育新型职业农民问题的研究.中国职业技术教育,2012(15):7~13
3 .薛惠元,仙蜜花.灵活就业人员参加养老保险的制度选择——基于职保与城乡居保制度比较的视角.保险研究,2015(2):94~104
4 .赵定东,陈亚.日韩农村养老保险制度现代化的异同及对中国的启示.日本问题研究,2017(6)
(1)成都市人民政府办公厅.关于加强农业职业经理人队伍建设的意见,http://gk.chengdu.gov.cn/govI nfoPub/detail.action?id=66262&tn=6
*若按2000元标准参加居民保险,累计缴费30年,本可折算成职保最低缴费档次的17年