葡萄糖酸钙采前处理对鲜枣果实低温贮藏品质及活性氧代谢的影响
|
摘要
以鲜枣(Zizyphus jujube cv.Fengmiguan)为材料,用0.1 mol/L葡萄糖酸钙在白露时节开始每7 d喷洒1次果实,根据喷洒次数预设处理1、处理2、处理3和CK(未处理),果实着色面积达到50%～70%时采摘,0±0.5℃下贮藏,每10 d取样并测定相关指标。结果表明,与CK相比,不同处理组都能抑制果实的失重率、维生素C、叶绿素和多酚含量的下降,阻止H_2O_2、相对电导率和MDA含量的上升,CK>处理1>处理2>处理3,且差异显著(P<0.05);采前钙处理能降低腐烂率、O~-_2·的含量、提高硬度和可溶性蛋白,但处理次数对腐烂率的影响不显著(P>0.05),硬度、O~-_2·、可溶性蛋白的变化未表现出规律性。
This paper explored the effects of preharvest spraying of calcium gluconate on the quality and active oxygen metabolism of fresh jujube fruit stored at low temperature. Using fresh jujube cultivar(Zizyphus jujube cv.Fengmiguan) as raw material, fruits were sprayed with 0.1 mol/L calcium gluconate once every 7 days from white dew. According to spraying times, four treatments were preset: treatment 1, treatment 2, treatment 3 and unsprayed fruits(CK). The fruits were picked when the coloring area reached 50%-70%, and stored at(0±0.5) ℃. Fruits were sampled and measured every 10 days. The results indicated that in comparison to CK, preharvest calcium gluconate treatment and different treatment times significantly inhibited decreases in weight loss rates, vitamin C, chlorophyll, and polyphenol contents of fresh jujube fruits. Moreover, increases in H_2O_2, relative conductivity of cell membrane, and MDA contents of fresh jujube fruits were inhibited, with an order of CK>treatment 1>treatment 2>treatment 3, and the differences were significant(P<0.05). Although calcium gluconate could reduce the decay rates, O~-_2· contents, improved hardness and soluble protein contents, times of spraying had no significant influences on decay rates(P>0.05). Additionally, no change laws observed for hardness, contents of O~-_2·, and soluble protein. In conclusion, this paper provides theoretical basis for quality changes in fresh jujube during low temperature storage.
This paper explored the effects of preharvest spraying of calcium gluconate on the quality and active oxygen metabolism of fresh jujube fruit stored at low temperature. Using fresh jujube cultivar(Zizyphus jujube cv.Fengmiguan) as raw material, fruits were sprayed with 0.1 mol/L calcium gluconate once every 7 days from white dew. According to spraying times, four treatments were preset: treatment 1, treatment 2, treatment 3 and unsprayed fruits(CK). The fruits were picked when the coloring area reached 50%-70%, and stored at(0±0.5) ℃. Fruits were sampled and measured every 10 days. The results indicated that in comparison to CK, preharvest calcium gluconate treatment and different treatment times significantly inhibited decreases in weight loss rates, vitamin C, chlorophyll, and polyphenol contents of fresh jujube fruits. Moreover, increases in H_2O_2, relative conductivity of cell membrane, and MDA contents of fresh jujube fruits were inhibited, with an order of CK>treatment 1>treatment 2>treatment 3, and the differences were significant(P<0.05). Although calcium gluconate could reduce the decay rates, O~-_2· contents, improved hardness and soluble protein contents, times of spraying had no significant influences on decay rates(P>0.05). Additionally, no change laws observed for hardness, contents of O~-_2·, and soluble protein. In conclusion, this paper provides theoretical basis for quality changes in fresh jujube during low temperature storage.
引文
[1] GAO Q H,WU P T,LIU J R,et al.Physico-chemical properties and antioxidant capacity of different jujube (Ziziphus jujube Mill.) cultivars grown in loess plateau of China[J].Scientia Horticulturae,2011,130:67-72.
[2] HEMANDEZ-MUNOZ P,ALMENAR E,DEL VALLE V,et al.Effect of chitosan coating combined with postharvest calcium treatment on strawberry quality during refrigerated storage[J].Food Chemistry,2008,110(2):428-435.
[3] MCAINSH M R,PITTMAN J K.Shaping the calcium signature [J].New Phytologist,2009,181:275-294.
[4] 陈见晖,周卫.苹果缺钙对果实组分、亚细胞分布及超微结构的影响[J].中国农业科学,2004,37(4):572-576.
[5] DEFALCO T A,BENDER K W,SNEDDEN W A.Breaking the code:Ca2+ sensors in plant signaling [J].Biochemical Journal,2010,425:27-40.
[6] ANIREDDY S N,GUL S,HELENA C,et al.Coping with stresses:Roles of calcium and calcium/calmodulin-regulated gene expression [J].Plant Cell,2011,23:2 010-2 032.
[7] 汪星,朱德兰,杨荣慧,等.陕北山地红安抗裂裂性研究[J].果树学报,2011,28(1):82.
[8] 陈辉惶,库建贵,张俊,等.新疆红枣裂果机理研究进展[J].新疆农业科学,2012,49(6):1 066-1 072.
[9] 杨巍,刘晶,吕春晶,等.氯化钙和抗坏血酸处理对鲜切苹果品质和褐变的影响[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(16):3 402-3 410.
[10] BARBAGALLO R N,CHISARI M,CAPUTA G.Effects of calcium citrate and ascorbate as inhibitors of browning and softening in minimally processed ‘Birgah’ eggplants [J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2012,73(6):107-114.
[11] ALANDES L,PEREZ-MUNUERA I,LLORCA E,et al.Use of calcium lactate to improve structure of “Flor de Invierno” fresh-cut pears [J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2009,53(3):145-151.
[12] 吴锦程,陈宇,吴毕莎,等.钙处理对低温胁迫下枇杷幼苗Ca2+-ATPase活性和膜脂过氧化水平的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报,2015,44(2):121-128.
[13] BEIRAO-DA-COSTA S,CARDOSO A,MARTINS L,et al.The effect of calcium dips combined with mild heating of whole kiwifruit for fruit slices quality maintenance[J].Food Chemistry,2008,108(1):191-197.
[14] 魏天军,窦云萍.真空渗透钙离子和植物激素对灵武长枣贮藏保鲜效果的影响[J].中国农学通报,2008,124(10):118-121.
[15] 中国科学院上海植物生理研究所,上海市植物生理学会.现代植物生理学实验指南[M].北京:科学出版社,1999.
[16] 林河通,席玙芳,陈绍军.龙眼果实采后失水果皮褐变与活性氧及酚类代谢的关系[J].植物生理与分子生物学学报,2005,31(3):287-297.
[17] BRENNAN T C.Involvement of hydrogen peroxide in the regulation of senescence in pear[J].Plant Physiol,1977,59 (2):411-416.
[18] 邢尚军,刘方春,杜振宇,等.采前钙处理对冬枣贮藏品质、钙形态及亚细胞分布的影响[J].食品科学,2009,30(2):235-240.
[19] 刘剑锋,程云清,彭抒昂.采后钙处理对梨果实钙的形态和果胶及相关代谢酶类影响的研究[J].热带亚热带植物学报,2005,13(5):408-412.
[20] 庞凌云,李瑜,詹丽娟,等.不同钙处理对中华猕猴桃软化的影响[J].食品与发酵工业,2014,40(9):102-106.
[21] GHULAM K,MAHMUD T M M,ASGAR A,et al.Effect of gum arabic coating combined with calcium chloride on physico-chemical and qualitative properties of mango (Mangifera indica L.) fruit during low temperature storage [J].Scientia Horticulturae,2015,190:187-194.
[22] 柯玉清,张长峰.钙对果实采后生理作用及其机理研究进展[J].保鲜与加工,2005,5(5):8-10.
[23] ZHONG Q P,XIA W S.Effect of 1-methylcyclopropene and/or chitosan coating treatments on storage life and quality maintenance of Indian jujube fruit [J].LWT-Food Science and Technology,2007,40:404-411.
[24] 李洁,义宇琴,韩金龙,等.矿质营养处理对枣裂果和品质的影响[J].山西农业科学,2013,41(10):1 054-1 057.
[25] 田晓艳,刘延吉,郭迎春.盐胁迫对NHC牧草Na+、K+、Pro、可溶性糖及可溶性蛋白的影响[J].草业科学,2008,25(10):34-38.
[26] 杜长霞,李娟,郭世荣,等.外源亚精胺对盐胁迫下黄瓜幼苗生长和可溶性蛋白表达的影响[J].西北植物学报,2007,27(6):1 179-1 184.
[27] 卢娟芳,刘盛雨,芦旺,等.不同类型桃果肉酚类物质及抗氧化活性分析[J].中国农业科学,2017,50(16):3 205-3 214.
[28] 张宗申,利容千,王建波.外源Ca2+预处理对高温胁迫下辣椒叶片细胞膜透性和GSH、AsA含量及Ca2+分布的影响[J].植物生态学报,2001,25(2):230-234.
[29] 陈见晖,周卫.苹果缺钙对果实组分、亚细胞分布及超微结构的影响[J].中国农业科学,2004,37(4):572-576.
[30] 田敏,饶龙兵,李纪元.植物细胞中的活性氧及其生理作用[J].植物生理学通讯,2005,41(2):235-242.
[31] BONZA M C,DEMICHELIS M I.The plant Ca2+-ATPase repertoire:Biochemical feature and physiological functions [J].Plant Biology,2011,13(3):421-430.
[32] 林素英,梁杰,黄志明,等.钙调素拮抗剂TFP对低温胁迫下枇杷幼果AsA-GSH循环的影响[J].热带作物学报,2012,33(11):1 980-1 984.
[2] HEMANDEZ-MUNOZ P,ALMENAR E,DEL VALLE V,et al.Effect of chitosan coating combined with postharvest calcium treatment on strawberry quality during refrigerated storage[J].Food Chemistry,2008,110(2):428-435.
[3] MCAINSH M R,PITTMAN J K.Shaping the calcium signature [J].New Phytologist,2009,181:275-294.
[4] 陈见晖,周卫.苹果缺钙对果实组分、亚细胞分布及超微结构的影响[J].中国农业科学,2004,37(4):572-576.
[5] DEFALCO T A,BENDER K W,SNEDDEN W A.Breaking the code:Ca2+ sensors in plant signaling [J].Biochemical Journal,2010,425:27-40.
[6] ANIREDDY S N,GUL S,HELENA C,et al.Coping with stresses:Roles of calcium and calcium/calmodulin-regulated gene expression [J].Plant Cell,2011,23:2 010-2 032.
[7] 汪星,朱德兰,杨荣慧,等.陕北山地红安抗裂裂性研究[J].果树学报,2011,28(1):82.
[8] 陈辉惶,库建贵,张俊,等.新疆红枣裂果机理研究进展[J].新疆农业科学,2012,49(6):1 066-1 072.
[9] 杨巍,刘晶,吕春晶,等.氯化钙和抗坏血酸处理对鲜切苹果品质和褐变的影响[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(16):3 402-3 410.
[10] BARBAGALLO R N,CHISARI M,CAPUTA G.Effects of calcium citrate and ascorbate as inhibitors of browning and softening in minimally processed ‘Birgah’ eggplants [J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2012,73(6):107-114.
[11] ALANDES L,PEREZ-MUNUERA I,LLORCA E,et al.Use of calcium lactate to improve structure of “Flor de Invierno” fresh-cut pears [J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2009,53(3):145-151.
[12] 吴锦程,陈宇,吴毕莎,等.钙处理对低温胁迫下枇杷幼苗Ca2+-ATPase活性和膜脂过氧化水平的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报,2015,44(2):121-128.
[13] BEIRAO-DA-COSTA S,CARDOSO A,MARTINS L,et al.The effect of calcium dips combined with mild heating of whole kiwifruit for fruit slices quality maintenance[J].Food Chemistry,2008,108(1):191-197.
[14] 魏天军,窦云萍.真空渗透钙离子和植物激素对灵武长枣贮藏保鲜效果的影响[J].中国农学通报,2008,124(10):118-121.
[15] 中国科学院上海植物生理研究所,上海市植物生理学会.现代植物生理学实验指南[M].北京:科学出版社,1999.
[16] 林河通,席玙芳,陈绍军.龙眼果实采后失水果皮褐变与活性氧及酚类代谢的关系[J].植物生理与分子生物学学报,2005,31(3):287-297.
[17] BRENNAN T C.Involvement of hydrogen peroxide in the regulation of senescence in pear[J].Plant Physiol,1977,59 (2):411-416.
[18] 邢尚军,刘方春,杜振宇,等.采前钙处理对冬枣贮藏品质、钙形态及亚细胞分布的影响[J].食品科学,2009,30(2):235-240.
[19] 刘剑锋,程云清,彭抒昂.采后钙处理对梨果实钙的形态和果胶及相关代谢酶类影响的研究[J].热带亚热带植物学报,2005,13(5):408-412.
[20] 庞凌云,李瑜,詹丽娟,等.不同钙处理对中华猕猴桃软化的影响[J].食品与发酵工业,2014,40(9):102-106.
[21] GHULAM K,MAHMUD T M M,ASGAR A,et al.Effect of gum arabic coating combined with calcium chloride on physico-chemical and qualitative properties of mango (Mangifera indica L.) fruit during low temperature storage [J].Scientia Horticulturae,2015,190:187-194.
[22] 柯玉清,张长峰.钙对果实采后生理作用及其机理研究进展[J].保鲜与加工,2005,5(5):8-10.
[23] ZHONG Q P,XIA W S.Effect of 1-methylcyclopropene and/or chitosan coating treatments on storage life and quality maintenance of Indian jujube fruit [J].LWT-Food Science and Technology,2007,40:404-411.
[24] 李洁,义宇琴,韩金龙,等.矿质营养处理对枣裂果和品质的影响[J].山西农业科学,2013,41(10):1 054-1 057.
[25] 田晓艳,刘延吉,郭迎春.盐胁迫对NHC牧草Na+、K+、Pro、可溶性糖及可溶性蛋白的影响[J].草业科学,2008,25(10):34-38.
[26] 杜长霞,李娟,郭世荣,等.外源亚精胺对盐胁迫下黄瓜幼苗生长和可溶性蛋白表达的影响[J].西北植物学报,2007,27(6):1 179-1 184.
[27] 卢娟芳,刘盛雨,芦旺,等.不同类型桃果肉酚类物质及抗氧化活性分析[J].中国农业科学,2017,50(16):3 205-3 214.
[28] 张宗申,利容千,王建波.外源Ca2+预处理对高温胁迫下辣椒叶片细胞膜透性和GSH、AsA含量及Ca2+分布的影响[J].植物生态学报,2001,25(2):230-234.
[29] 陈见晖,周卫.苹果缺钙对果实组分、亚细胞分布及超微结构的影响[J].中国农业科学,2004,37(4):572-576.
[30] 田敏,饶龙兵,李纪元.植物细胞中的活性氧及其生理作用[J].植物生理学通讯,2005,41(2):235-242.
[31] BONZA M C,DEMICHELIS M I.The plant Ca2+-ATPase repertoire:Biochemical feature and physiological functions [J].Plant Biology,2011,13(3):421-430.
[32] 林素英,梁杰,黄志明,等.钙调素拮抗剂TFP对低温胁迫下枇杷幼果AsA-GSH循环的影响[J].热带作物学报,2012,33(11):1 980-1 984.