基于EDMA的辽宁汉族成人3DCT重建耳郭几何形态测量分析
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摘要
目的:通过对三维重建后的耳郭进行几何形态测量,分析耳郭形态的左右对称性及性别差异。方法:对78例辽宁汉族青年人(男性38人,女性40人)进行128排螺旋CT扫描;将CT数据导入VG Studio MAX3.0中进行三维重建并对标志点进行三维坐标测量;使用WinEDMA1.0.1对三维标志点进行对称性、性别差异分析,所得结果进行bootstrap非参数检验。结果:通过对男女耳郭形态进行欧几里德距离矩阵分析显示,男女耳郭形态左右对称性均不存在显著形态学差异;但耳郭形态存在性别差异,且男性耳郭整体轮廓大于女性。结论:辽宁汉族成人左右耳郭形态不存在显著差异,但男性耳郭总体轮廓大于女性,体现在形态耳宽、容貌耳宽、形态耳长、容貌耳长,在形态差异矩阵中线段比值均大于1.05。为颅面部形态的表型研究、法医的个体识别推断提供理论基础。
Objective :To analyze the left and right symmetry and gender differences of auricle morphology by measuring the geometrical shape of the three-dimensional reconstructed auricle. Methods :76 human with Liaoning Han nationality(male38,female 40) underwent 128-slice spiral CT scan. CT data was imported into VG Studio MAX3.0 for 3D reconstruction and 3D coordinate measurement of marker points. WinEDMA1.0.1 performed symmetry and gender difference analysis on the three-dimensional landmarks,and the results were tested by bootstrap nonparametric test. Results :The Euclidean distance matrix analysis of male and female auricles showed that there was no significant morphological difference between the male and female auricles. However,there were gender differences in the ear form and male auricles. The overall profile was larger than females. Conclusion :There is no significant difference in the morphology of the left and right auricles of the Han nationality in Liaoning,but the overall outline of the male auricle is larger than that of the female. It is reflected in the shape of the ear,the width of the ear,the length of the ear,and the length of the ear. The ratio of the line segment in the form difference matrix is greater than 1.05. It provides a theoretical basis for the study of craniofacial morphology and forensic individual identification.
Objective :To analyze the left and right symmetry and gender differences of auricle morphology by measuring the geometrical shape of the three-dimensional reconstructed auricle. Methods :76 human with Liaoning Han nationality(male38,female 40) underwent 128-slice spiral CT scan. CT data was imported into VG Studio MAX3.0 for 3D reconstruction and 3D coordinate measurement of marker points. WinEDMA1.0.1 performed symmetry and gender difference analysis on the three-dimensional landmarks,and the results were tested by bootstrap nonparametric test. Results :The Euclidean distance matrix analysis of male and female auricles showed that there was no significant morphological difference between the male and female auricles. However,there were gender differences in the ear form and male auricles. The overall profile was larger than females. Conclusion :There is no significant difference in the morphology of the left and right auricles of the Han nationality in Liaoning,but the overall outline of the male auricle is larger than that of the female. It is reflected in the shape of the ear,the width of the ear,the length of the ear,and the length of the ear. The ratio of the line segment in the form difference matrix is greater than 1.05. It provides a theoretical basis for the study of craniofacial morphology and forensic individual identification.
引文
[1]Alexander K S,Stott D J,Sivakumar B,et al.A morphometric study of the human ear[J].J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg,2011,64(1):41-47.
[2]Kalcioglu M T,Miman M C,Toplu Y,et al.Anthropometric growth study of normal human auricle[J].Int J Pediater Otorhi,2003,67(11):1169-1177.
[3]李咏兰,郑连斌,宇克莉,等.南方汉族人头面部形态特征的年龄变化[J].科学通报,2013,58(4):336-343.
[4]Barut C,Aktunc E.Anthropometric Measurements of the external ear in a group of Turkish primary school students[J].Aesthet Plast Surg,2006,30(2):255-259.
[5]Lele S,Richetsmeier J T.Euclidean distance matrix analysis:a coordinate-free approach for comparing biological shapes using landmark data[J].Am J Physical Anthropol,1991,86(3):415-427.
[6]Lele S,Richtsmeier J T.Euclidean distance matrix analysis:confidence intervals for form and growth differences[J].Am JPhysical Anthropol,1995,98(1):73-86.
[7]Purkait R.Progression of growth in the external ear from birth to maturity:a 2-year follow-up study in India[J].Aesthet Plast Surg,2013,37(3):605-616.
[8]Alexander K S,Stott D J,Sivakumar B,et al.A morphometric study of the human ear[J].J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg,2011,64(1):41-47
[9]席焕久,陈昭.人体测量方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2010.
[10]Brucker M J,Patel J,Sullivan P K.A morphometric study of the external ear:age-and sex-related differences[J].Plast Reconstr Surg,2003,112(2):647-652,653-654.
[11]Bozkir M G,Karaka P,Yavuz M,et al.Morphometry of the external ear in our adult population[J].Aesthet Plast Surg,2006,30(1):81-85.
[12]Sforza C,Grandi G,Binelli M,et al.Age-and sex-related changes in the normal human ear[J].Forensic Sci Int,2009,187(1-3):205.e1.
[13]Kalcioglu M T,Toplu Y,Ozturan O,et al.Anthropometric growth study of auricle of healthy preterm and term newborns[J].Int J Pediater Otorhi,2006,70(1):121-127.
[14]Pasquali-Ronchetti I,Baccarani-Contri M.Elastic fiber during development and aging[J].Microsc Res Tech,2015,38(4):428-435
[15]Abaza A,Ross A,Hebert C,et al.A survey on ear biometrics[J].ACM Computing Surveys,2013,45(2):1-35.
[16]周毕峰.中国西北地区865名汉族人耳郭形态学研究[D].西安:第四军医大学,2016.
[17]燕静杰,杨庆华,宋宇鹏,等.三维激光扫描技术应用于再造耳郭远期变化的研究[J].中华耳科学杂志,2013,(4):524-528.
[18]翟桂英,任甫.基于欧几里德几何距离矩阵的成人梨状孔性别差异分析[J].解剖学杂志,2015,38(4):465-468.
[19]张宁,翟桂英,刘大华,等.基于CT的中国汉族成人眼眶测量与分析[J].解剖学杂志,2015,38(3):340-343.
[2]Kalcioglu M T,Miman M C,Toplu Y,et al.Anthropometric growth study of normal human auricle[J].Int J Pediater Otorhi,2003,67(11):1169-1177.
[3]李咏兰,郑连斌,宇克莉,等.南方汉族人头面部形态特征的年龄变化[J].科学通报,2013,58(4):336-343.
[4]Barut C,Aktunc E.Anthropometric Measurements of the external ear in a group of Turkish primary school students[J].Aesthet Plast Surg,2006,30(2):255-259.
[5]Lele S,Richetsmeier J T.Euclidean distance matrix analysis:a coordinate-free approach for comparing biological shapes using landmark data[J].Am J Physical Anthropol,1991,86(3):415-427.
[6]Lele S,Richtsmeier J T.Euclidean distance matrix analysis:confidence intervals for form and growth differences[J].Am JPhysical Anthropol,1995,98(1):73-86.
[7]Purkait R.Progression of growth in the external ear from birth to maturity:a 2-year follow-up study in India[J].Aesthet Plast Surg,2013,37(3):605-616.
[8]Alexander K S,Stott D J,Sivakumar B,et al.A morphometric study of the human ear[J].J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg,2011,64(1):41-47
[9]席焕久,陈昭.人体测量方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2010.
[10]Brucker M J,Patel J,Sullivan P K.A morphometric study of the external ear:age-and sex-related differences[J].Plast Reconstr Surg,2003,112(2):647-652,653-654.
[11]Bozkir M G,Karaka P,Yavuz M,et al.Morphometry of the external ear in our adult population[J].Aesthet Plast Surg,2006,30(1):81-85.
[12]Sforza C,Grandi G,Binelli M,et al.Age-and sex-related changes in the normal human ear[J].Forensic Sci Int,2009,187(1-3):205.e1.
[13]Kalcioglu M T,Toplu Y,Ozturan O,et al.Anthropometric growth study of auricle of healthy preterm and term newborns[J].Int J Pediater Otorhi,2006,70(1):121-127.
[14]Pasquali-Ronchetti I,Baccarani-Contri M.Elastic fiber during development and aging[J].Microsc Res Tech,2015,38(4):428-435
[15]Abaza A,Ross A,Hebert C,et al.A survey on ear biometrics[J].ACM Computing Surveys,2013,45(2):1-35.
[16]周毕峰.中国西北地区865名汉族人耳郭形态学研究[D].西安:第四军医大学,2016.
[17]燕静杰,杨庆华,宋宇鹏,等.三维激光扫描技术应用于再造耳郭远期变化的研究[J].中华耳科学杂志,2013,(4):524-528.
[18]翟桂英,任甫.基于欧几里德几何距离矩阵的成人梨状孔性别差异分析[J].解剖学杂志,2015,38(4):465-468.
[19]张宁,翟桂英,刘大华,等.基于CT的中国汉族成人眼眶测量与分析[J].解剖学杂志,2015,38(3):340-343.