珠江口盆地珠三坳陷油气成藏规律及勘探方向
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摘要
为了推动油气增储上产,综合运用构造地质学、沉积学、地球化学及成藏综合评价方法,深入分析了珠江口盆地珠三坳陷的油气成藏规律。珠三坳陷主要发育文昌组和恩平组中、深湖—浅湖相烃源岩;恩平组发育湖相储盖组合、珠海组—珠江组发育海陆过渡相—海相储盖组合。珠三坳陷油气成藏主要受构造、烃源和运移的控制,差异伸展—走滑作用控制了油气成藏,烃源岩的差异发育控制了油气差异分布,近凹断裂带和两条大型构造脊控制了油气富集。构建了4种成藏模式:①中、深湖相源岩供烃、构造控藏、有利储盖控富集;②浅湖相源岩供烃、断裂高效运移、甜点储层控富集;③浅湖相源岩供烃、构造脊—盖层控运、复合圈闭控藏;④多洼供烃、长距离侧向运移、晚期断层垂向调整。在此基础上,预测了珠三南断裂西段、六号断裂带和南断裂东段、神狐隆起北缘和琼海凸起及周缘隐蔽圈闭领域是下步滚动勘探、实现油气增储上产的重点领域。钻探证实南断裂西段X构造、南断裂东段Y构造以及六号断裂带Z构造3个商业性发现。
To increase the oil-gas reserves and output,the hydrocarbon accumulation laws in Zhu Ⅲ depression,Pearl River Mouth Basin has been deeply analyzed by comprehensively applying tectonic geology,sedimentology,geochemistry and comprehensive evaluation method of hydrocarbon accumulation.In Zhu Ⅲ depression,the mid-deep and shallow lacustrine source rocks are mainly developed in Wenchang and Enping formations.The lacustrine reservoir cap assemblage is developed in Enping Formation,while the sea-land transitional facies-marine reservoir cap assemblage is developed in Zhuhai-Zhujiang Formation.The oil and gas accumulation in Zhu Ⅲ depression was dominantly controlled by tectonic activities,hydrocarbon source rocks and migration.The differential extension and strike-slip controlled the oil and gas accumulation,the differential development of hydrocarbon source rocks controlled the hydrocarbon differential distribution,and the fault zones near the depression and two large structural ridges controlled the hydrocarbon migration and enrichment.This study constructs four types of accumulation patterns as below:(1)mid-deep lacustrine hydrocarbon supply,tectonic reservoir control,and accumulation controlled by favorable reservoir cap assemblage;(2)shallow lacustrine hydrocarbon supply,efficient fault migration,and enrichment controlled by sweet-spot reservoir;(3)shallow lacustrine hydrocarbon supply,the migration and the reservoir controlled by structural ridge-cap rock and complex traps respectively;(4)multi-sag hydrocarbon supply,long-distance lateral migration and vertical adjustment of faults in the later period.Based on the above studies,it is suggested that the western segment of the south fault zone,the No.6 fault zone,the eastern segment of the south fault zone,the northern Shenhu uplift and Qionghai uplift with the surrounding concealed trap areas in Zhu Ⅲ depression are the key fields for achieving roll prospecting and increasing oil and gas reserves and production.By drilling,three commercial oil and gas discoveries have been found in the X structure in the western segment of the south fault zone,the Y structure in the eastern segment of the south fault zone and Z structure in the No.6 fault zone.
To increase the oil-gas reserves and output,the hydrocarbon accumulation laws in Zhu Ⅲ depression,Pearl River Mouth Basin has been deeply analyzed by comprehensively applying tectonic geology,sedimentology,geochemistry and comprehensive evaluation method of hydrocarbon accumulation.In Zhu Ⅲ depression,the mid-deep and shallow lacustrine source rocks are mainly developed in Wenchang and Enping formations.The lacustrine reservoir cap assemblage is developed in Enping Formation,while the sea-land transitional facies-marine reservoir cap assemblage is developed in Zhuhai-Zhujiang Formation.The oil and gas accumulation in Zhu Ⅲ depression was dominantly controlled by tectonic activities,hydrocarbon source rocks and migration.The differential extension and strike-slip controlled the oil and gas accumulation,the differential development of hydrocarbon source rocks controlled the hydrocarbon differential distribution,and the fault zones near the depression and two large structural ridges controlled the hydrocarbon migration and enrichment.This study constructs four types of accumulation patterns as below:(1)mid-deep lacustrine hydrocarbon supply,tectonic reservoir control,and accumulation controlled by favorable reservoir cap assemblage;(2)shallow lacustrine hydrocarbon supply,efficient fault migration,and enrichment controlled by sweet-spot reservoir;(3)shallow lacustrine hydrocarbon supply,the migration and the reservoir controlled by structural ridge-cap rock and complex traps respectively;(4)multi-sag hydrocarbon supply,long-distance lateral migration and vertical adjustment of faults in the later period.Based on the above studies,it is suggested that the western segment of the south fault zone,the No.6 fault zone,the eastern segment of the south fault zone,the northern Shenhu uplift and Qionghai uplift with the surrounding concealed trap areas in Zhu Ⅲ depression are the key fields for achieving roll prospecting and increasing oil and gas reserves and production.By drilling,three commercial oil and gas discoveries have been found in the X structure in the western segment of the south fault zone,the Y structure in the eastern segment of the south fault zone and Z structure in the No.6 fault zone.
引文
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[12]李俊良,雷宝华,郑求根,等.珠江口盆地文昌凹陷应力场演化及其对成藏要素的控制作用[J].大地构造与成矿学,2015,39(4):601-609.LI Junliang,LEI Baohua,ZHENG Qiugen,et al.Stress field evolution and its controls on oil accumulation in the Wenchang sag[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2015,39(4):601-609.
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