超声波处理对果蔗产量品质及生理特性的影响
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摘要
采用处理频率和处理时间双因素试验,设置6种超声波处理(A:25 kHz、1 min;B:25 kHz、3 min;C:25 kHz、5 min;D:33 kHz、1 min;E:33 kHz、3 min;F:33 kHz、5 min),以未处理为对照(CK),研究超声波处理对果蔗产量、品质及生理特性的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,超声波处理对果蔗萌芽率、分蘖率、生长速、株高、单茎质量及有效茎数均具有促进作用,果蔗蔗茎产量增产幅度为10.28%～55.60%,甘蔗糖分增减幅度为-0.39%～0.79%(绝对值);可提高果蔗苗期、分蘖期、伸长初期叶片过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶等抗氧化酶活性,降低叶片质膜丙二醛含量,增强果蔗抗逆性。筛选出较优超声波处理为33 kHz、5 min(该处理下蔗茎产量增产55.60%,甘蔗糖分提高0.31个百分点)。
To study the effect of ultrasonic treatment on the yield,quality and physiological characteristics of chewing cane,and to provide scientific basis for the application of ultrasonic treatment in the production of chewing cane.Six treatments(A:25 kHz,1 min; B:25 kHz,3 min; C:25 kHz,5 min; D:33 kHz,1 min; E:33 kHz,3 min; F:33 kHz,5 min) were set up based on the two-factor experiment of different treatment frequencies and different treatment time.In addition,the untreated buds were used as control(CK).The results showed that,compared with the control,the ultrasonic treatment had a promoting effect on the budding rate,tillering rate,growth rate,plant height,single stem weight and effective stem number of hectare,and the cane yield increased by 10.28%-55.60%,and sucrose content increased by-0.39%-0.79%(absolute value).The activity of antioxidant enzymes,such as catalase,peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in leaves at the seedling stage,tillering stage and early jointing stage,could be improved,and the content of malondialdehyde in leaf plasma membrane could be reduced,and the resistance to chewing cane could be enhanced.Comprehensive analysis showed that the best treatment was 33 kHz and 5 min(cane yield increased by 55.60% and sucrose content increased by 0.31%).The research results have reference value for the application of ultrasonic treatment in chewing cane production.
To study the effect of ultrasonic treatment on the yield,quality and physiological characteristics of chewing cane,and to provide scientific basis for the application of ultrasonic treatment in the production of chewing cane.Six treatments(A:25 kHz,1 min; B:25 kHz,3 min; C:25 kHz,5 min; D:33 kHz,1 min; E:33 kHz,3 min; F:33 kHz,5 min) were set up based on the two-factor experiment of different treatment frequencies and different treatment time.In addition,the untreated buds were used as control(CK).The results showed that,compared with the control,the ultrasonic treatment had a promoting effect on the budding rate,tillering rate,growth rate,plant height,single stem weight and effective stem number of hectare,and the cane yield increased by 10.28%-55.60%,and sucrose content increased by-0.39%-0.79%(absolute value).The activity of antioxidant enzymes,such as catalase,peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in leaves at the seedling stage,tillering stage and early jointing stage,could be improved,and the content of malondialdehyde in leaf plasma membrane could be reduced,and the resistance to chewing cane could be enhanced.Comprehensive analysis showed that the best treatment was 33 kHz and 5 min(cane yield increased by 55.60% and sucrose content increased by 0.31%).The research results have reference value for the application of ultrasonic treatment in chewing cane production.
引文
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[14] 聂俊,严卓晟,肖立中,等.超声波处理对水稻发芽特性及产量和品质的影响[J].广东农业科学,2013,40(1):13-15.
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[21] 张思聪,孔雷蕾,唐湘如.超声波预处理对作物种子及幼苗的影响综述[J].安徽农业科学,2017,45(21):11-12.
[22] NANTHARKRISHNAN G,XIA X,AMUTHA S,et al.Ultrasonic treatment stimulates multiple shoot regeneration and explant enlargement in recalcitrant squash cotyledon explants in vitro.[J].Plant cell reports,2007,26(3):267-276.
[23] 惠潇潇,曹辉,王云鹏.双频复合超声对绿豆种子生长发育的影响[J].应用声学,2017,36(5):395-400.
[24] 郭孝武.超声波对白术块根生长和产量的影响[J].植物生理学报,1997(1):55-56.
[25] LEE J,LIM K T,HONG J H,et al.Effects of ultrasound stimuli on acceleration of brown rice germination[J].Journal of biosystems engineering,2006,31(6):506-513.
[26] 李健,杜成忠,王露蓉,等.甘蔗Δ1-吡咯啉-5-羧酸合成酶基因转化烟草的抗旱性分析[J].华中农业大学学报,2018,37(2):34-42.
[27] 张姝,余斐,王传贵,等.超声波对红豆杉悬浮细胞生长及紫杉醇释放的研究[J].生物技术,2001,11(2):14-17.
[28] 丁志山,沃兴德.超声波的生物学效用及其在转基因中的应用[J].生命科学,1997(4):187-189.
[2] 王继华,曹干,张剑亮,等.我国果蔗产业的现状与可持续发展[J].甘蔗糖业,2013(5):56-61.
[3] CHEN R K,YUAN Z N.Sugarcane production and research in China[J].International sugar journal,2010,112(1340):452-457.
[4] 朱蠡庆,马娅,卢彭封,等.超声波刺激植物生长仪器设计[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(35):187-192.
[5] SILVA J,DOBRANSZKI J.Sonication and ultrasound:impact on plant growth and development[J].Plant cell tissue and organ culture,2014,117(2):131-143.
[6] 袁经天,严锦璇,汪德锋,等.超声波处理对水稻种子萌发、产量及产量构成的影响[J].中国稻米,2014,20(2):53-55.
[7] 刘贻尧,王伯初,赵虎成,等.植物对环境应力刺激的生物学效应[J].生物技术通讯,2000,11(3):219-222.
[8] WU J,LIN L.Elicitor-like effects of low-energy ultrasound on plant (Panax ginseng) cells:induction of plant defense responses and secondary metabolite production[J].Applied microbiology and biotechnology,2002,59(1):51-57.
[9] 杨相飞,马俊贵.植物声波助长技术在农业中的应用[J].农业工程,2015,5(3):135-137.
[10] 黎国喜,严卓晟,闫涛,等.超声波刺激对水稻的种子萌发及其产量和品质的影响[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(7):108-111.
[11] 王顺民,汪建飞.超声波处理对苦荞麦萌发、芽苗还原糖和总黄酮含量及抗氧化活性的影响[J].食品与机械,2017,33(1):161-166.
[12] 张冬晨,刘海杰,刘瑞,等.超声波处理对荞麦种子营养物质累积以及抗氧化活性的影响[J].食品工业科技,2015,36(7):69-73.
[13] 辛星光,肖立中,莫钊文,等.超声波处理对不同基因型水稻产量形成的影响[J].华北农学报,2014,29(4):198-204.
[14] 聂俊,严卓晟,肖立中,等.超声波处理对水稻发芽特性及产量和品质的影响[J].广东农业科学,2013,40(1):13-15.
[15] 杨红兵,丁为民,陈坤杰,等.超声技术在农业上的应用现状与前景[J].农机化研究,2004(1):202-204.
[16] 沈万宽,陈仲华,杨湛端,等.新引进甘蔗品种比较试验[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(31):120-125.
[17] 张志良,瞿伟菁,李小方.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2009:123-227.
[18] 石连旋,颜宏.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2013.
[19] KONG W,LIU F,ZHANG C,et al.Fast detection of peroxidase (POD) activity in tomato leaves which infected with Botrytis cinerea,using hyperspectral imaging[J].Spectrochimica acta part A molecular & biomolecular spectroscopy,2014,118(2):498-502.
[20] 陈建勋,王晓峰.植物生理学实验指导[M].2版.广州:华南理工大学出版社,2002:72-73.
[21] 张思聪,孔雷蕾,唐湘如.超声波预处理对作物种子及幼苗的影响综述[J].安徽农业科学,2017,45(21):11-12.
[22] NANTHARKRISHNAN G,XIA X,AMUTHA S,et al.Ultrasonic treatment stimulates multiple shoot regeneration and explant enlargement in recalcitrant squash cotyledon explants in vitro.[J].Plant cell reports,2007,26(3):267-276.
[23] 惠潇潇,曹辉,王云鹏.双频复合超声对绿豆种子生长发育的影响[J].应用声学,2017,36(5):395-400.
[24] 郭孝武.超声波对白术块根生长和产量的影响[J].植物生理学报,1997(1):55-56.
[25] LEE J,LIM K T,HONG J H,et al.Effects of ultrasound stimuli on acceleration of brown rice germination[J].Journal of biosystems engineering,2006,31(6):506-513.
[26] 李健,杜成忠,王露蓉,等.甘蔗Δ1-吡咯啉-5-羧酸合成酶基因转化烟草的抗旱性分析[J].华中农业大学学报,2018,37(2):34-42.
[27] 张姝,余斐,王传贵,等.超声波对红豆杉悬浮细胞生长及紫杉醇释放的研究[J].生物技术,2001,11(2):14-17.
[28] 丁志山,沃兴德.超声波的生物学效用及其在转基因中的应用[J].生命科学,1997(4):187-189.
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