基于大数据思维的情报学科发展道路探究
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摘要
情报学学科建设已受到学界高度关注,大数据对其影响很难被绕过。大数据环境将情报学推向新的发展阶段,在给情报学发展带来危机的同时,也为情报学地位的提升和研究力量的凝聚等提供了很好的发展机遇。本文认为,破解危机、把握发展机遇的核心在于基于大数据思维的情报学学科发展。为此,本文以大数据思维为引导,重新思考了情报学学科定位、学科目标、理论体系、知识体系和生产管理体系,以及情报研究、情报服务、情报人才培养等问题。
Discipline construction has been a major concern in academic circles. The big data environment has pushed in‐telligence studies into a new developmental stage. Although it has brought about a great crisis for intelligence studies, it has also brought great opportunities for as well as the promotion of intelligence studies and the cohesion of research re‐sources. This paper argues that the core of cracking the crisis and grasping the opportunity lies in big data thinking in the discipline construction of intelligence studies. Accordingly, big data thinking is considered a guide, and this article rethinks the discipline orientation, discipline objectives, theoretical systems, knowledge systems, and production management sys‐tems of intelligence studies, as well as intelligence research, information services, and intelligence personnel training.
Discipline construction has been a major concern in academic circles. The big data environment has pushed in‐telligence studies into a new developmental stage. Although it has brought about a great crisis for intelligence studies, it has also brought great opportunities for as well as the promotion of intelligence studies and the cohesion of research re‐sources. This paper argues that the core of cracking the crisis and grasping the opportunity lies in big data thinking in the discipline construction of intelligence studies. Accordingly, big data thinking is considered a guide, and this article rethinks the discipline orientation, discipline objectives, theoretical systems, knowledge systems, and production management sys‐tems of intelligence studies, as well as intelligence research, information services, and intelligence personnel training.
引文
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[3]苏新宁.大数据时代情报学与情报工作的回归[J].情报学报,2017,36(4):331337.
[4]曾建勋,魏来.大数据时代的情报学变革[J].情报学报,2015,34(1):3744.
[5]彭知辉.论公安情报学的学科属性及大数据环境下的变化[J].情报资料工作,2017(5):4248.
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[8]李广建,化柏林.大数据分析与情报分析关系辨析[J].中国图书馆学报,2014,40(5):1422.
[9]彭知辉.论公安情报分析与大数据分析的融合[J].情报理论与实践,2017,40(10):3640,73.
[10]叶鹰,武夷山.情报学基础教程[M].北京:科学出版社,2012:1727.
[11]马费成.论情报学的基本原理及理论体系构建[J].情报学报,2007,26(1):313.
[12]化柏林,李广建.面向情报流程的情报方法体系构建[J].情报学报,2016,35(2):177188.
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[18]彭知辉.数据:大数据环境下情报学的研究对象[J].情报学报,2017,36(2):123131.
[19]周晓英.情报学的形成和定位[J].情报资料工作,2006(2):510.
[20]梁战平.情报学和情报工作的历史性贡献[J].情报理论与实践,2004(4):341342,399.
[21]马费成.情报学的进展与深化[J].情报学报,1996,15(5):2228.
[22]严怡民.情报科学理论体系初探[J].情报科学,1982,3(3):15.
[23]卢太宏.情报科学的三个研究规范[J].情报学报,1987,6(1):2022.
[24]刘植惠.评“大情报观”[J].情报理论与实践,1999(2):6971.
[25]王芳.情报学的范式变迁及元理论研究[J].情报学报,2007,26(5):764733.
[26]王延飞,赵柯然,何芳.重视智能技术,凝练情报智慧情报、智能、智慧关系辨析[J].情报理论与实践,2016,39(2):14.
[27]马费成.论情报学的基本原理及理论体系构建[J].情报学报,2007,26(1):313.
[28]叶鹰,马费成.数据科学兴起及其与信息科学的关联[J].情报学报,2015,34(6):575580.
[29]朝乐门.数据连续性:未来跨学科研究的重要课题[J].情报学报,2016,35(3):227236.
[30]包昌火,李艳.情报缺失的中国情报学[J].情报学报,2007,26(1):2934.
[31]杨雅芬.电子政务知识体系框架研究[J].中国图书馆学报,2015,41(2):2940.
[32]邓三鸿,金莹,杨建林.学科知识地图的构建以图书、情报学为例[J].情报学报,2006,25(1):38.
[33]王昊,邓三鸿,苏新宁.我国图书情报学科知识结构的建立及其演化分析[J].情报学报,2015,34(2):115128.
[34]Delen D,Demirkan H.Data,information and analytics as services[J].Decision Support Systems,2013,55(1):359363.
[35]杨国立,周鑫.“数据即服务”背景下图书情报机构科学数据服务的发展机遇[J].情报学报,2017,36(8):772780.
[36]LandonMurray M.Big data and intelligence:Applications,human capital and education[J].Journal of Strategic Security,2016,9(2):94123.
[37]Davenport T H,Patil D J.Data scientist:the sexiest job of the21st century[J].Harvard Business Review,2012,90(10):70.
[38]李辉,张惠娜,侯元元,等.情报3.0时代科技情报服务能力研究基于工程技术视角的服务能力四层结构模型(RIAC)[J].情报理论与实践,2017,40(3):16.
[2]Marrin S.Improving intelligence studies as an academic discipline[J].Intelligence and National Security,2016,31(2):266279.
[3]苏新宁.大数据时代情报学与情报工作的回归[J].情报学报,2017,36(4):331337.
[4]曾建勋,魏来.大数据时代的情报学变革[J].情报学报,2015,34(1):3744.
[5]彭知辉.论公安情报学的学科属性及大数据环境下的变化[J].情报资料工作,2017(5):4248.
[6]韩毅,李红.大数据语境下情报学的坚守与拓展[J].图书情报工作,2015,59(5):4752,81.
[7]维克托·迈尔舍恩伯格,肯尼思·库克耶.大数据时代生活、工作与思维的大变革[M].盛杨燕,周涛,译.杭州:浙江人民出版社,2013.
[8]李广建,化柏林.大数据分析与情报分析关系辨析[J].中国图书馆学报,2014,40(5):1422.
[9]彭知辉.论公安情报分析与大数据分析的融合[J].情报理论与实践,2017,40(10):3640,73.
[10]叶鹰,武夷山.情报学基础教程[M].北京:科学出版社,2012:1727.
[11]马费成.论情报学的基本原理及理论体系构建[J].情报学报,2007,26(1):313.
[12]化柏林,李广建.面向情报流程的情报方法体系构建[J].情报学报,2016,35(2):177188.
[13]Manyika J,Chui M,Brown B,et al.Big data:the next frontier for innovation,competition and productivity[R/OL].[20180407].http://www.mckinsey.com/insights/business_technology/bid data the next frontier for innovation.
[14]彭知辉.情报流程研究:述评与反思[J].情报学报,2016,35(10):11101120.
[15]Lim K.Big data and strategic intelligence[J].Intelligence and National Security,2016,31(4):619635.
[16]Chen H C,Chiang R H L,Storey V C.Business intelligence and analytics:From big data to big impact[J].MIS Quarterly,2012,36(4):11651188.
[17]贺德方.工程化思维下的科技情报研究范式情报工程学探析[J].情报学报,2014,33(12):12361241.
[18]彭知辉.数据:大数据环境下情报学的研究对象[J].情报学报,2017,36(2):123131.
[19]周晓英.情报学的形成和定位[J].情报资料工作,2006(2):510.
[20]梁战平.情报学和情报工作的历史性贡献[J].情报理论与实践,2004(4):341342,399.
[21]马费成.情报学的进展与深化[J].情报学报,1996,15(5):2228.
[22]严怡民.情报科学理论体系初探[J].情报科学,1982,3(3):15.
[23]卢太宏.情报科学的三个研究规范[J].情报学报,1987,6(1):2022.
[24]刘植惠.评“大情报观”[J].情报理论与实践,1999(2):6971.
[25]王芳.情报学的范式变迁及元理论研究[J].情报学报,2007,26(5):764733.
[26]王延飞,赵柯然,何芳.重视智能技术,凝练情报智慧情报、智能、智慧关系辨析[J].情报理论与实践,2016,39(2):14.
[27]马费成.论情报学的基本原理及理论体系构建[J].情报学报,2007,26(1):313.
[28]叶鹰,马费成.数据科学兴起及其与信息科学的关联[J].情报学报,2015,34(6):575580.
[29]朝乐门.数据连续性:未来跨学科研究的重要课题[J].情报学报,2016,35(3):227236.
[30]包昌火,李艳.情报缺失的中国情报学[J].情报学报,2007,26(1):2934.
[31]杨雅芬.电子政务知识体系框架研究[J].中国图书馆学报,2015,41(2):2940.
[32]邓三鸿,金莹,杨建林.学科知识地图的构建以图书、情报学为例[J].情报学报,2006,25(1):38.
[33]王昊,邓三鸿,苏新宁.我国图书情报学科知识结构的建立及其演化分析[J].情报学报,2015,34(2):115128.
[34]Delen D,Demirkan H.Data,information and analytics as services[J].Decision Support Systems,2013,55(1):359363.
[35]杨国立,周鑫.“数据即服务”背景下图书情报机构科学数据服务的发展机遇[J].情报学报,2017,36(8):772780.
[36]LandonMurray M.Big data and intelligence:Applications,human capital and education[J].Journal of Strategic Security,2016,9(2):94123.
[37]Davenport T H,Patil D J.Data scientist:the sexiest job of the21st century[J].Harvard Business Review,2012,90(10):70.
[38]李辉,张惠娜,侯元元,等.情报3.0时代科技情报服务能力研究基于工程技术视角的服务能力四层结构模型(RIAC)[J].情报理论与实践,2017,40(3):16.
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