饲料中添加脱毒剂对异育银鲫肌肉中恩诺沙星残留的影响
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摘要
试验旨在探讨饲料中添加脱毒剂对恩诺沙星在异育银鲫肌肉中含量和肝胰脏非特异免疫指标以及血清酶的影响。在饲料中添加恩诺沙星连续投喂6 d,建立抗生素模型(E),以投喂基础饲料作为对照组(C),6 d后,饥饿处理24 h,采样鲫肝胰脏和血清测定指标。将已建立抗生素模型的试验鱼平均分为两组,分别投喂添加脱毒剂的饲料(RE)和基础饲料(GE)进行脱毒试验。在脱毒试验的第14、21 d和28 d,检测鲫肌肉中的恩诺沙星含量,并在第28 d检测鲫肝胰脏非特异免疫酶以及血清酶。结果表明:(1)RE组鲫肌肉中的恩诺沙星含量分别在14、21 d和28 d比GE组降低87.08%,44.97%和28.97%,差异显著(P<0.05)。RE组鲫肌肉中的恩诺沙星含量在7～14 d消除速度较快,14 d后消除速度变慢直至21 d后基本趋于平稳并达到安全浓度。GE组在21 d后,恩诺沙星在鲫肌肉中消除速度趋于平稳,但在28 d时,依然高于安全浓度。(2)E组肝胰脏非特异免疫酶呈现先降低后升高的趋势;而血清酶(AST和AKP)显示先升高后降低的变化。综合以上结果,脱毒剂可在7 d内促进恩诺沙星的消除,加快鲫肝功能的恢复,显著缩短鲫投喂恩诺沙星的休药期。
The aim of this study was to examine the effects of dietary detoxification agent on muscle en-rofloxacin concentration, non-specific immune enzyme and blood biochemical parameters of Carassiusauratus gibelio. Fish was fed enrofloxacin for 6 d, and the control group(C) was fed with basal diet. Atthe end of this period, fish in each experimental group were starved for 24 h and determined enrofloxa-cin concentration in muscle, non-specific immune enzyme and biochemical blood parameters. The re-maining fish exposed to enrofloxacin was randomly divided into two groups, one was given basal diet(GE), the other was supplemented with detoxification agent diet. Fish was sampled on 14 d, 21 d, and28 d to determine enrofloxacin concentration in muscle. At the end of feeding trail, 3 fish from eachtank were randomly selected for measurement of non-specific immune enzyme and biochemical bloodparameters. The muscle enrofloxacin concentration of Carassius auratus gibelio in RE group at 14 d,21 d and 28 d was decreased significantly by 87.08%, 44.97% and 28.97% respectively compared with the GE group(P<0.05). The muscles enro-floxacin concentration of RE group decreasedrapidly within 7～14 d. The elimination rate ofmuscles enrofloxacin of GE group tended to bestable after 21 d, however, it was still higherthan the safe concentration at the end of thefeeding trial. The present study showed a tendency of increasing non-specific immune enzymes activities of hepatopancreas and afterwards gradual de-cline, while aspartate amino transferase(AST) and alkaline phosphatase(AKP) of serum offered to up-grade firstly then descending latter tendency. In conclusion, the detoxification agent could promote theelimination rate of enrofloxacin within 7 d, accelerate the recovery of hepatopancreas function, andshorten the withdrawal time of enrofloxacin significantly.
The aim of this study was to examine the effects of dietary detoxification agent on muscle en-rofloxacin concentration, non-specific immune enzyme and blood biochemical parameters of Carassiusauratus gibelio. Fish was fed enrofloxacin for 6 d, and the control group(C) was fed with basal diet. Atthe end of this period, fish in each experimental group were starved for 24 h and determined enrofloxa-cin concentration in muscle, non-specific immune enzyme and biochemical blood parameters. The re-maining fish exposed to enrofloxacin was randomly divided into two groups, one was given basal diet(GE), the other was supplemented with detoxification agent diet. Fish was sampled on 14 d, 21 d, and28 d to determine enrofloxacin concentration in muscle. At the end of feeding trail, 3 fish from eachtank were randomly selected for measurement of non-specific immune enzyme and biochemical bloodparameters. The muscle enrofloxacin concentration of Carassius auratus gibelio in RE group at 14 d,21 d and 28 d was decreased significantly by 87.08%, 44.97% and 28.97% respectively compared with the GE group(P<0.05). The muscles enro-floxacin concentration of RE group decreasedrapidly within 7～14 d. The elimination rate ofmuscles enrofloxacin of GE group tended to bestable after 21 d, however, it was still higherthan the safe concentration at the end of thefeeding trial. The present study showed a tendency of increasing non-specific immune enzymes activities of hepatopancreas and afterwards gradual de-cline, while aspartate amino transferase(AST) and alkaline phosphatase(AKP) of serum offered to up-grade firstly then descending latter tendency. In conclusion, the detoxification agent could promote theelimination rate of enrofloxacin within 7 d, accelerate the recovery of hepatopancreas function, andshorten the withdrawal time of enrofloxacin significantly.
引文
[1]刘开永,汪开毓.恩诺沙星在水产中的应用与研究[J].中国兽药杂志,2004(10):32-34.
[2]黄婕,薛咏兰,徐洪,等.贵阳市场常见淡水鱼体内氟喹诺酮类抗生素残留调查[J].环境与健康杂志,2017,34(2):139-141.
[3]孙文启.鲤、鲫、鳊、鲂鱼的简介[J].养殖技术顾问,2014(9):266.
[4]农业部渔业局.中国渔业统计年鉴2017[M].中国农业出版社,2017.
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[6]徐维海,林黎明,朱校斌,等.恩诺沙星及其代谢产物在吉富罗非鱼、中国对虾体内的残留规律研究[J].水产科学,2004(7):5-8.
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[9]陈念祖,李宏,杨起凤,等.硒对克山病病区粮喂养大鼠心肌线粒体细胞色素氧化酶影响的电镜观察[J].西安交通大学学报(医学版),1989(1):26-28.
[10]王子锡.肝胆疾病患者血清肝酶谱变化及分析[J].现代中西医结合杂志,2011,20(24):3044-3045.
[11]朱建勇,陈德碧.恩诺沙星对鲫鱼碱性磷酸酶活性的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2008(14):5904-5905.
[12]Wise R,Donovan I A.Tissue penetration and metabolism of ciprofloxacin[J].The American journal of medicine,1987,82(4A):103-107.
[13]熊铧龙,蒋左玉,张儒学,等.盐酸恩诺沙星对杂交鲟幼鱼肝脏抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].水产科学,2017,36(5):601-605.
[14]聂湘平,陈菊芳,王翔,等.环丙沙星在异育银鲫(Allogynogenetic crucian)体内的积累分布及其毒性效应[J].生态学报,2008(1):246-252.
[15]唐功.活性氧·抗氧化酶及抗氧化剂之间关系的探讨[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(33):18619-18621.
[16]慈丽宁,刘波,谢骏,等.影响水生动物免疫机能的因素(综述)[J].江苏农业科学,2012,40(3):205-210.
[17]蔡友琼,高露姣,于慧娟,等.孔雀石绿及其主要代谢产物在欧洲鳗鲡体内的蓄积及消除规律[J].海洋渔业,2008(2):163-169.
[18]胡毅,谭北平,麦康森,等.不同碳水化合物水平饲料对凡纳滨对虾生长及部分生理生化指标的影响[J].水生生物学报,2009,33(2):289-295.
[19]冀德伟,李明云,王天柱,等.不同低温胁迫时间对大黄鱼血清生化指标的影响[J].水产科学,2009,28(1):1-4.
[20]汪文选,陈琛,卢彤岩,等.恩诺沙星对鲫鱼血液生理生化指标的影响[J].水产学杂志,2009,22(4):20-22.
[21]张亚兵,李之清,张赤志.蛇葡萄根对Con A诱导小鼠肝损伤的防护作用[J].中西医结合肝病杂志,2000,10(1):26-27.
[22]Powell E E,Edwards-Smith C J,Hay J L,et al.Host genetic factors influence disease progression in chronic hepatitis C[J].Hepatology,2010,31(4):828-833.
[23]Porter A G,J?nicke R U.Emerging roles of caspase-3 in apoptosis[J].Cell Death&Differentiation,1999,6(2):99-104.
[24]尾崎久雄,许学龙.鱼类血液与循环生理[M].上海科学技术出版社,1982.
[2]黄婕,薛咏兰,徐洪,等.贵阳市场常见淡水鱼体内氟喹诺酮类抗生素残留调查[J].环境与健康杂志,2017,34(2):139-141.
[3]孙文启.鲤、鲫、鳊、鲂鱼的简介[J].养殖技术顾问,2014(9):266.
[4]农业部渔业局.中国渔业统计年鉴2017[M].中国农业出版社,2017.
[5]周帅,李国烈,胡琳琳,等.恩诺沙星在异育银鲫体内和体外肝微粒体中代谢产物分析[J].东北农业大学学报,2013,44(6):101-106.
[6]徐维海,林黎明,朱校斌,等.恩诺沙星及其代谢产物在吉富罗非鱼、中国对虾体内的残留规律研究[J].水产科学,2004(7):5-8.
[7]NY 5070-2002,无公害食品、水产品中渔药残留限量[S].2002.
[8]张淑秋,王建新.生物药剂学与药物动力学[M].中国医药科技出版社,2016.
[9]陈念祖,李宏,杨起凤,等.硒对克山病病区粮喂养大鼠心肌线粒体细胞色素氧化酶影响的电镜观察[J].西安交通大学学报(医学版),1989(1):26-28.
[10]王子锡.肝胆疾病患者血清肝酶谱变化及分析[J].现代中西医结合杂志,2011,20(24):3044-3045.
[11]朱建勇,陈德碧.恩诺沙星对鲫鱼碱性磷酸酶活性的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2008(14):5904-5905.
[12]Wise R,Donovan I A.Tissue penetration and metabolism of ciprofloxacin[J].The American journal of medicine,1987,82(4A):103-107.
[13]熊铧龙,蒋左玉,张儒学,等.盐酸恩诺沙星对杂交鲟幼鱼肝脏抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].水产科学,2017,36(5):601-605.
[14]聂湘平,陈菊芳,王翔,等.环丙沙星在异育银鲫(Allogynogenetic crucian)体内的积累分布及其毒性效应[J].生态学报,2008(1):246-252.
[15]唐功.活性氧·抗氧化酶及抗氧化剂之间关系的探讨[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(33):18619-18621.
[16]慈丽宁,刘波,谢骏,等.影响水生动物免疫机能的因素(综述)[J].江苏农业科学,2012,40(3):205-210.
[17]蔡友琼,高露姣,于慧娟,等.孔雀石绿及其主要代谢产物在欧洲鳗鲡体内的蓄积及消除规律[J].海洋渔业,2008(2):163-169.
[18]胡毅,谭北平,麦康森,等.不同碳水化合物水平饲料对凡纳滨对虾生长及部分生理生化指标的影响[J].水生生物学报,2009,33(2):289-295.
[19]冀德伟,李明云,王天柱,等.不同低温胁迫时间对大黄鱼血清生化指标的影响[J].水产科学,2009,28(1):1-4.
[20]汪文选,陈琛,卢彤岩,等.恩诺沙星对鲫鱼血液生理生化指标的影响[J].水产学杂志,2009,22(4):20-22.
[21]张亚兵,李之清,张赤志.蛇葡萄根对Con A诱导小鼠肝损伤的防护作用[J].中西医结合肝病杂志,2000,10(1):26-27.
[22]Powell E E,Edwards-Smith C J,Hay J L,et al.Host genetic factors influence disease progression in chronic hepatitis C[J].Hepatology,2010,31(4):828-833.
[23]Porter A G,J?nicke R U.Emerging roles of caspase-3 in apoptosis[J].Cell Death&Differentiation,1999,6(2):99-104.
[24]尾崎久雄,许学龙.鱼类血液与循环生理[M].上海科学技术出版社,1982.