城市总体规划文本改革的话语分析与转型——以《广州市城市总体规划(2011—2020年)》文本为例
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摘要
随着落实中央城市工作会议精神、《中共中央国务院关于进一步加强城市规划建设管理工作的若干意见》的出台和全国城乡规划改革工作座谈会的召开,城市总体规划面临新一轮的改革探索。文章首先探索了城市总体规划难以向公共政策转型的原因,发现规划的内容体系庞杂混乱,归属政策性属性的内容在规划文本的"条文"范式下难以发挥作用,提出了以"法定性、政策性、引导性"内容进行分类的改革思路。其次,文章以《广州市城市总体规划(2011—2020年)》文本为例,采用网络问卷的方式收集公众接收城市总体规划的政策性、引导性内容信息时的话语特征,以检验"总体规划内容改革"的可行性;最后,针对城市总体规划文本的政策信息表述不够完善、规划信息和公众接收信息不对称的问题,文章建议城市总体规划编制可以从"开放"编制主体、加强公众监督和规划政策认知教育等方面推动改革。
Chinese central government has sponsored a series of meetings and issued documents on city planning and construction in recent years, and a new round of reform on urban master plan is approaching. The paper analyzes problems of urban master plan including mixed and confounded content, and inability of planning implementation, which resulted in difficulty of urban master plan transition towards public policy. The paper puts forwards a reform idea that divides the content of master plan into three categories: regulation, policy, guidance. With Guangzhou urban master plan(2010-2020) as an example, the paper analyzes the discourse character of the public opinion on the content of master plan through online questionnaire, and reflects the feasibility of master plan reform from this angle. Finally, in response to the problems of master plan text such as incomplete information and asymmetry between issuer and recipients, the paper suggests urban master plan compilation may be open to the public to improve exterior surveillance and education of public policies.
Chinese central government has sponsored a series of meetings and issued documents on city planning and construction in recent years, and a new round of reform on urban master plan is approaching. The paper analyzes problems of urban master plan including mixed and confounded content, and inability of planning implementation, which resulted in difficulty of urban master plan transition towards public policy. The paper puts forwards a reform idea that divides the content of master plan into three categories: regulation, policy, guidance. With Guangzhou urban master plan(2010-2020) as an example, the paper analyzes the discourse character of the public opinion on the content of master plan through online questionnaire, and reflects the feasibility of master plan reform from this angle. Finally, in response to the problems of master plan text such as incomplete information and asymmetry between issuer and recipients, the paper suggests urban master plan compilation may be open to the public to improve exterior surveillance and education of public policies.
引文
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[13]房艳.新时期城市总体规划编制技术路线的探讨[J].城市规划,2005(7):14-16.
[14]孙施文,陈宏军.城市总体规划实施政策概要[J].城市规划汇刊,2001(1):7-10.
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[18]张燕华.我国公众参与失效的原因及其路径探究—以城市规划领域为例[J].法制与社会,2014(8):156-162.
[19]吴可人,华晨.城市规划中四类利益主体剖析[J].城市规划,2005(11):80-85.
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[21]郑国.评“向权力讲述真理”—兼论中国城市规划行业面临的三个主要问题[J].城市发展研究,2008(4):115-118.
[22]陈锦富.论公众参与的城市规划制度[J].城市规划,2000(7):54-57.
[23]杨新海,殷辉礼.城市规划实施过程中公众参与的体系构建初探[J].城市规划,2009(9):52-57.
[2]朱永生.话语分析五十年:回顾与展望[J].外国语,2003(3):43-50.
[3]辛斌.批评语言学:理论与应用[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社,2005.
[4]费尔迪南·德·索绪尔.普通语言学教程[M].高名凯,译.北京:商务印书馆,2015.
[5]Fairclough H. Critical Discourse Analysis:The Critical Study of Language[M]. London:Longman, 1995.
[6]张海柱.公共政策的话语建构,国家合作医疗政策过程研究[D].吉林:吉林大学,2014.
[7]赵民,郝晋伟.城市总体规划实践中的悖论及对策探讨[J].城市规划学刊,2012(3):1-9.
[8]马武定,文超祥.我国城市总体规划的改革探讨[J].城市规划,2006(10):9-14.
[9]《城市总体规划编制改革与创新》总报告课题组.城市总体规划编制的改革创新思路研究[J].城市规划,2014(2):84-89.
[10]王晓东.总规的时代需求和变革方向[EB/OL].http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?src=11×tamp=1515330990&ver=622&signature=WHl QPNar G78WMP2r4Px Atlx Sbgsr6la F7vdo KApj E*o Go EUEt Kwge PMISJ*u CZ1j Pe Tf6Ki KUd MH347ZZm BAIk Uq7Bq H3G*SRSRDfo KEfygz DLkzk QPcaO*t2n G5hwfx&new=1,2017-11-22.
[11]孙施文.现行政府管理体制对城市规划作用的影响[J].城市规划学刊,2007(5):32-39.
[12]陈有川,韩青.城市总体规划编制用时问题研究[J].城市规划,2009(2):62-65.
[13]房艳.新时期城市总体规划编制技术路线的探讨[J].城市规划,2005(7):14-16.
[14]孙施文,陈宏军.城市总体规划实施政策概要[J].城市规划汇刊,2001(1):7-10.
[15]程明华.芝加哥区划法的实施历程及对我国法定规划的启示[J].国际城市规划,2009(3):72-77.
[16]威廉·H·怀特.小城市空间的社会生活[M].叶齐茂,倪晓辉,译.上海:上海译文出版社,2016.
[17]常为.问题的再生产,从话语角度探究问卷与结论真实性的关系[D].吉林:吉林大学,2007.
[18]张燕华.我国公众参与失效的原因及其路径探究—以城市规划领域为例[J].法制与社会,2014(8):156-162.
[19]吴可人,华晨.城市规划中四类利益主体剖析[J].城市规划,2005(11):80-85.
[20]肖鹏飞,罗倩倩.城市规划利益平衡的问题探讨[C]//规划创新:2010中国城市规划年会论文集,2010.
[21]郑国.评“向权力讲述真理”—兼论中国城市规划行业面临的三个主要问题[J].城市发展研究,2008(4):115-118.
[22]陈锦富.论公众参与的城市规划制度[J].城市规划,2000(7):54-57.
[23]杨新海,殷辉礼.城市规划实施过程中公众参与的体系构建初探[J].城市规划,2009(9):52-57.