藏南冈底斯岩基东段中新世中酸性高Sr/Y比岩浆岩的地球化学特征及成因探讨
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摘要
藏南冈底斯带广泛发育中新世中酸性高Sr/Y比岩浆岩,对该类型岩石的成因研究可为藏南后碰撞岩浆活动提供良好的记录和约束。通过对冈底斯带东段中酸性岩浆岩进行锆石U-Pb年代学研究表明,该中酸性岩浆岩形成于16～18Ma,为中新世时期;全岩地球化学数据表明岩浆岩具有高SiO_2含量(> 64%),高钾富钠,高Sr、低Y和高Sr/Y比,轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损且较平坦的特征,显示出埃达克质岩的地球化学亲缘性;与冈底斯带中段～14Ma埃达克质闪长玢岩脉相比,冈底斯带东段的中新世岩浆岩具有更高的K含量;锆石Hf同位素分析结果表明,中新世中酸性岩浆岩具有正的且变化较大的εHf(t)值(+1. 2～+14. 4);全岩(La/Yb)N值对中新世地壳厚度的估算结果为77～84km,处于壳幔边界处。综合上述数据分析表明,冈底斯带东段中新世中酸性高Sr/Y岩浆岩的成因为拉萨地块加厚下地壳(占主体的新生下地壳+少量古老地壳)的部分熔融,并在源区残留了石榴子石和角闪石,造成熔融的热量来源可能为拉萨地体岩石圈根部拆沉导致的热扰动。
The Miocene high Sr/Y intermediate-felsic magmatic rocks are widely exposed in Gangdese batholith,southern Tibet.Zircon U-Pb analyses of four samples in the eastern Gangdese batholith show that they have Miocene formation ages of 16 ～ 18 Ma. They are characterized by:( 1) high SiO_2( > 64%) and K contents,rich in Na as compared with K,and higher K contents than those in14 Ma adakitic dioritic porphyry from the central Gangdese;( 2) high Sr but low Y contents and high Sr/Y ratio,resembling those of adakites;( 3) enrichment in LREE and depletion in HREE with nearly flat HREE distribution patterns;( 4) positive and variable zircon εHf( t) values( + 1. 2 ～ + 14. 4),which are slightly higher than those of the middle Gangdese Miocene magmatic rocks,possibly due to the more involvement of ancient crustal materials in the formation of the middle Gangdese Miocene magmatic rocks. The crustal thickness of the eastern Gangdese batholith in Miocene is approximately 77 ～ 84 km thick estimated from whole-rock median( La/Yb)Nvalues. Geochemical data presented in this study also indicate that the Miocene intermediate-felsic high Sr/Y magmatitic rocks in eastern Gangdese were derived from partial melting of a thickened lower crust of Lhasa terrane dominated by juvenile crust and minor amount of ancient crust,which leaves residual garnet and hornblend in its source area. The melting heat may be from the thermal disturbance caused by delamination of the lithospheric root beneath the Lahsa terrane.
The Miocene high Sr/Y intermediate-felsic magmatic rocks are widely exposed in Gangdese batholith,southern Tibet.Zircon U-Pb analyses of four samples in the eastern Gangdese batholith show that they have Miocene formation ages of 16 ～ 18 Ma. They are characterized by:( 1) high SiO_2( > 64%) and K contents,rich in Na as compared with K,and higher K contents than those in14 Ma adakitic dioritic porphyry from the central Gangdese;( 2) high Sr but low Y contents and high Sr/Y ratio,resembling those of adakites;( 3) enrichment in LREE and depletion in HREE with nearly flat HREE distribution patterns;( 4) positive and variable zircon εHf( t) values( + 1. 2 ～ + 14. 4),which are slightly higher than those of the middle Gangdese Miocene magmatic rocks,possibly due to the more involvement of ancient crustal materials in the formation of the middle Gangdese Miocene magmatic rocks. The crustal thickness of the eastern Gangdese batholith in Miocene is approximately 77 ～ 84 km thick estimated from whole-rock median( La/Yb)Nvalues. Geochemical data presented in this study also indicate that the Miocene intermediate-felsic high Sr/Y magmatitic rocks in eastern Gangdese were derived from partial melting of a thickened lower crust of Lhasa terrane dominated by juvenile crust and minor amount of ancient crust,which leaves residual garnet and hornblend in its source area. The melting heat may be from the thermal disturbance caused by delamination of the lithospheric root beneath the Lahsa terrane.
引文
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