辐照对豆渣可溶性膳食纤维结构与理化性质的影响
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摘要
采用辐照技术预处理豆渣后提取可溶性膳食纤维(SDF),分别通过扫描电镜、X衍射技术、红外光谱技术表征辐照技术对其微观结构、结晶度和基本结构的影响;通过测定SDF提取率、持水力、膨胀力、阳离子交换能力、结合水力、α-葡萄糖苷酶活性和抗氧化性,探究辐照技术对其理化性质的影响。结果表明:与未经辐照的豆渣SDF相比,其微观结构更加细腻蓬松,结晶度提高了3. 78个百分点;理化性质明显改善,提取率提高了1. 79个百分点,膨胀力增大了1. 12 mL/g,结合水力增大了0. 28 g/g,持水力提高了0. 52 g/g,抗氧化能力提高了1. 23 mmol/g,阳离子交换能力和α-葡萄糖苷酶活性也显著提高。辐照在改变豆渣SDF结构的基础上,进而影响其理化性质。本试验可为研究辐照对豆渣SDF作用机理和豆渣储藏技术提供前期的理论基础。
The soluble dietary fiber( SDF) was extracted after pretreatment of bean dregs by irradiation technology. The microstructure,crystallinity and basic structure were observed by scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy to analyze the effects of irradiation technology for SDF. The yield and water holding capacity of SDF,expansion force,cation exchange capacity,combined hydraulic power,α-glucosidase activity and antioxidant activity were obtained to explore the effect of irradiation technology on its physical and chemical properties. The results showed that the microstructure,the crystallinity,the physical and chemical properties of irradiated SDF were significantly improved compared with the unirradiated bean dreg SDF. The microstructure of irradiated SDF was finer and fluffy,and the crystallinity was improved by 3. 78 percentage points. And the extraction rate was improved from 2. 36% to 4. 15%,the expansion force was increased from 4. 24 mL/g to 5. 36 mL/g,the combined hydraulic power was increased from 2. 93 g/g to 3. 21 g/g,the water holding capacity was increased by0. 52 g/g,the antioxidant capacity was increased by 1. 23 mmol/g,cation exchange capacity and α-glucosidase activity were also significantly increased. Irradiation affected the physical and chemical properties of the bean dregs by changing the structure of the SDF. This experiment provided a theoretical basis for the study of the mechanism of irradiation on bean dregs SDF and the technology of bean dregs storage,and also provided a method for the extraction of soluble dietary fiber.
The soluble dietary fiber( SDF) was extracted after pretreatment of bean dregs by irradiation technology. The microstructure,crystallinity and basic structure were observed by scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy to analyze the effects of irradiation technology for SDF. The yield and water holding capacity of SDF,expansion force,cation exchange capacity,combined hydraulic power,α-glucosidase activity and antioxidant activity were obtained to explore the effect of irradiation technology on its physical and chemical properties. The results showed that the microstructure,the crystallinity,the physical and chemical properties of irradiated SDF were significantly improved compared with the unirradiated bean dreg SDF. The microstructure of irradiated SDF was finer and fluffy,and the crystallinity was improved by 3. 78 percentage points. And the extraction rate was improved from 2. 36% to 4. 15%,the expansion force was increased from 4. 24 mL/g to 5. 36 mL/g,the combined hydraulic power was increased from 2. 93 g/g to 3. 21 g/g,the water holding capacity was increased by0. 52 g/g,the antioxidant capacity was increased by 1. 23 mmol/g,cation exchange capacity and α-glucosidase activity were also significantly increased. Irradiation affected the physical and chemical properties of the bean dregs by changing the structure of the SDF. This experiment provided a theoretical basis for the study of the mechanism of irradiation on bean dregs SDF and the technology of bean dregs storage,and also provided a method for the extraction of soluble dietary fiber.
引文
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