Y,La改性Ni-10Cr-5Al合金的循环氧化行为研究
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摘要
通过添加0.1%(质量分数)的单一稀土La和复合稀土Y-La,研究了两种含稀土的Ni-10Cr-5Al(质量分数,%)合金在1 100℃和1 200℃下的高温循环氧化行为。采用热重法并结合X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪等,研究了合金的循环氧化动力学、氧化物的物相和组织成分等演变规律,分析了含稀土Ni-10Cr-5Al合金的氧化膜粘附性能在不同氧化温度下的差异及机制。结果表明,在1 100℃时,Ni-10Cr-5Al合金中添加0.1%(质量分数)的La或Y-La,不仅减少了氧化膜的厚度,而且因形成"钉扎"作用提高了氧化膜的粘附性,从而改善了合金的抗循环氧化性能。且复合添加Y-La的效果优于单一添加La的效果。但在1 200℃时,合金沿晶界的内氧化加快,反而恶化了合金的抗循环氧化性能。
The cyclic oxidation behavior of Ni-10Cr-5Al(mass fraction,%)alloys containing 0.1%(mass fraction)La or Y-La at 1 100℃ and 1 200℃ was studied.The kinetics of cyclic oxidation of the alloys were studied by means of thermogravimetric analysis,and the evolution rules of phase,microstructure and composition of the oxides were studied by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.The difference of the adhesion of the surface scale of Ni-10Cr-5Al alloys containing La or Y-La at different oxidation temperature was analyzed.The results indicated that the addition of 0.1%(mass fraction)La or Y-La in Ni-10Cr-5Al alloy could not only reduce the thickness of the oxide film,but also improve the adhesion of the oxide film due to the formation of "pinning",thus the anti-oxidation performance at 1 100 ℃ of the alloys were improved.While the effect of co-doping Y-La was better than that of single adding of La.However,the anti-oxidation performance at 1 200 ℃of the alloys was deteriorate owing to the severe internal oxidation along the grain boundary.
The cyclic oxidation behavior of Ni-10Cr-5Al(mass fraction,%)alloys containing 0.1%(mass fraction)La or Y-La at 1 100℃ and 1 200℃ was studied.The kinetics of cyclic oxidation of the alloys were studied by means of thermogravimetric analysis,and the evolution rules of phase,microstructure and composition of the oxides were studied by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.The difference of the adhesion of the surface scale of Ni-10Cr-5Al alloys containing La or Y-La at different oxidation temperature was analyzed.The results indicated that the addition of 0.1%(mass fraction)La or Y-La in Ni-10Cr-5Al alloy could not only reduce the thickness of the oxide film,but also improve the adhesion of the oxide film due to the formation of "pinning",thus the anti-oxidation performance at 1 100 ℃ of the alloys were improved.While the effect of co-doping Y-La was better than that of single adding of La.However,the anti-oxidation performance at 1 200 ℃of the alloys was deteriorate owing to the severe internal oxidation along the grain boundary.
引文
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18 Ramanathan L V.Role of rare-earth elements on high temperature oxidation behavior of FeCr,NiCr and NiCrAlalloys[J].Corrosion Science,1993,35(s5):871.
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24 Pint B A,Alexander K B.Grain boundary segregation of cation dopants inα-Al2O3scales[J].Journal of the Electrochemical Society,1996,145(6):1819.
25 Guo H B,Li D Q,Zheng L,et al.Effect of co-doping of two reactive elements on alumina scale growth ofβ-NiAl at 1 200℃[J].Corrosion Science,2014,88(88):197.
26 Pint B A.Optimization of reactive-element additions to improve oxidation performance of alumina-forming alloys[J].Journal of the American Ceramic Society,2003,86(4):686.
27 Pint B A,Tortorelli P F,Wright I G.Effect of cycle frequency on high-temperature oxidation behavior of alumina-forming alloys[J].Oxidation of Metals,2002,58(1):73.
2 Peng X,Wang F.High-temperature oxidation of aerospace materials[M].Boca Raton:Chemical Rubber Company Press,2012:237.
3 Naumenko D,Pint B A,Quadakkers W J.Current thoughts on reactive element effects in alumina-forming systems:In memory of John Stringer[J].Oxidation of Metals,2016,86(1):1.
4 Pint B A.Progress in understanding the reactive element effect since the Whittle and Stringer literature review[C]//Proc.John Stringer Symposium on High Temperature Corrosion.ASM International Materials Park,OH:American Society for Microbiology,2003:9.
5 Heuer A H,Hovis D B,Smialek J L,et al.Alumina scale formation:A new perspective[J].Journal of the American Ceramic Society,2011,94(s1):s146.
6 Xu K D,Ren Z M,Li C J.Progress in application of rare metals in superalloys[J].Rare Metals,2014,33(2):111.
7 Li M S,Zhang Y M.A review on effect of reactive elements on oxidation of metals[J].Corrosion Science and Protection Technology,2001,13(6):333(in Chinese).李美栓,张亚明.活性元素对合金高温氧化的作用机制[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2001,13(6):333.
8 Whittle D P,Stringer J.Improvements in high temperature oxidation resistance by additions of reactive elements or oxide dispersions[J].Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London.Series A,Mathematical and Physical Sciences,1980,295:309.
9 Ramanarayanan T A,Ayer R,Petkovic-Luton R,et al.The influence of yttrium on oxide scale growth and adherence[J].Oxidation of Metals,1988,29(5-6):445.
10 Khanna A S,Wasserfuhr C,Quadakkers W J,et al.Addition of yttrium,cerium and hafnium to combat the deleterious effect of sulphur impurity during oxidation of an Ni-Cr-Al alloy[J].Materials Science and Engineering A,1989,120(1):185.
11 Ul-Hamid A.TEM study of scale microstructures formed on Ni-10 Cr and Ni-10Cr-5Al alloys with and without Y addition[J].Oxidation of Metals,2002,58(1-2):41.
12 Bennett I J,Sloof W G.The influence of reactive element additions toβ-NiAlCr alloys on the morphology of thermally grown oxides[J].Materials at High Temperatures,2003,20(3):395.
13 Tawancy H M.On the behaviour of minor active elements during oxidation of selected Ni-base high-temperature alloys[J].Materials at High Temperatures,2017,34(1):22.
14 Khanna A S,Jonas H,Quadakkers W J.Use of acoustic emission technique to study the spallingbehaviour of oxide scales on Ni-10Cr-8 Al containing sulphur and/or yttrium impurity[J].Materials&Corrosion,1989,40(9):552.
15 Kumar A,Nasrallah M,Douglass D L.The effect of yttrium and thorium on the oxidation behavior of Ni-Cr-Al alloys[J].Oxidation of Metals,1974,8(4):227.
16 Pint B A.Experimental observations in support of the dynamicsegregation theory to explain the reactive-element effect[J].Oxidation of Metals,1996,45(1):1.
17 Ul-Hamid A.TEM study of the effect of Y on the scale microstructures of Cr2O3-and Al2O3-forming alloys[J].Oxidation of Metals,2002,58(1-2):23.
18 Ramanathan L V.Role of rare-earth elements on high temperature oxidation behavior of FeCr,NiCr and NiCrAlalloys[J].Corrosion Science,1993,35(s5):871.
19 Sarioglu S,Blachere J R,Pettit F S,et al.The effects of reactive element additions,sulfur removal,and specimen thickness on the oxidation behaviour of alumina-forming Ni-and Fe-base alloys[J].Materials Science Forum,1997,251-254:405.
20 Hou P Y.Segregation phenomena at thermally grown Al2O3/alloy interfaces[J].Annual Review of Materials Research,2008,38(38):275.
21 Golightly F A,Stott F H,Wood G C.The influence of yttrium additions on the oxide-scale adhension to an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy[J].Oxidation of Metals,1976,10(3):163.
22 Song L.Effect of Y on high temperature oxidation resistance of a directionally solidified superalloy[J].Journal of Rare Earths,2004,22(6):794.
23 Chen S F,Ma H P,Ju Q,et al.Effect of rare earth element lanthanum on oxidation behavior of GH230at 1 000℃in air[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research International,2009,21(11):45(in Chinese).陈石富,马惠萍,鞠泉,等.稀土元素La对GH230合金1 000℃抗氧化性能的影响[J].钢铁研究学报,2009,21(11):45.
24 Pint B A,Alexander K B.Grain boundary segregation of cation dopants inα-Al2O3scales[J].Journal of the Electrochemical Society,1996,145(6):1819.
25 Guo H B,Li D Q,Zheng L,et al.Effect of co-doping of two reactive elements on alumina scale growth ofβ-NiAl at 1 200℃[J].Corrosion Science,2014,88(88):197.
26 Pint B A.Optimization of reactive-element additions to improve oxidation performance of alumina-forming alloys[J].Journal of the American Ceramic Society,2003,86(4):686.
27 Pint B A,Tortorelli P F,Wright I G.Effect of cycle frequency on high-temperature oxidation behavior of alumina-forming alloys[J].Oxidation of Metals,2002,58(1):73.