系缆损伤对绷紧式系泊系统动力响应的影响
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摘要
探究合成纤维系缆损伤对绷紧式系泊系统响应的影响,具有重要的工程意义。通过高强聚乙烯(HMPE)缆绳损伤动刚度实验,获得其动刚度随损伤的演变规律。在数值计算上,借鉴并合理简化了前人提出的动刚度经验公式,通过处理实验结果确定动刚度经验公式的参数并进行验证。在此基础上,以一座采用高强聚乙烯缆绳为主体系缆的FPSO为例,将所得动刚度经验公式导入系泊分析软件,结合水动力分析,计算得到在相同海洋环境中,系缆发生不同程度损伤时,各系缆张力和平台偏移响应的结果。通过处理、分析所得的计算结果,获得合成纤维缆绳损伤演变对绷紧式系泊系统响应的影响规律,并据此为系缆更换提供了建议。这些成果既有利于把握绷紧式系泊系统的非线性动力响应,也对安全、经济、合理地运用合成纤维系缆具有重要意义。
It is of engineering significance to do researches on the impacts of damaged ropes on the dynamic response of the taut-wire mooring systems. To obtain the evolution of damaged high modulus polyethylene(HMPE) ropes,the damage experiments are necessary. In the numerical calculation,a former empirical expression of dynamic stiffness is quoted and simplified reasonably,the parameters of which are determined and verified by the results of the experiments. Then,taking an FPSO with HMPE mooring lines as an example,the expression is used in mooring analysis. Based on hydrodynamic analysis,the results of tension in mooring lines and FPSO's displacements can be obtained when the damage of mooring lines changes but the environment remains firm. Evolution of dynamic response of the taut-wire mooring system and offshore platforms considering mooring lines' damage effects can be obtained,according to which the suggestions about inspection and retirement of mooring lines are made. These results can not only help to grasp the non-linear dynamic response of the taut-wire mooring system and offshore platforms,but also help to utilize synthetic fiber ropes as mooring lines more safely,economically,and reasonably.
It is of engineering significance to do researches on the impacts of damaged ropes on the dynamic response of the taut-wire mooring systems. To obtain the evolution of damaged high modulus polyethylene(HMPE) ropes,the damage experiments are necessary. In the numerical calculation,a former empirical expression of dynamic stiffness is quoted and simplified reasonably,the parameters of which are determined and verified by the results of the experiments. Then,taking an FPSO with HMPE mooring lines as an example,the expression is used in mooring analysis. Based on hydrodynamic analysis,the results of tension in mooring lines and FPSO's displacements can be obtained when the damage of mooring lines changes but the environment remains firm. Evolution of dynamic response of the taut-wire mooring system and offshore platforms considering mooring lines' damage effects can be obtained,according to which the suggestions about inspection and retirement of mooring lines are made. These results can not only help to grasp the non-linear dynamic response of the taut-wire mooring system and offshore platforms,but also help to utilize synthetic fiber ropes as mooring lines more safely,economically,and reasonably.
引文
[1]黄泽伟.新型深海系泊系统及数值分析技术[D].天津:天津大学,2007.(HUANG Zewei.New type deep-water mooring system and numerical analytical techniques[D].Tianjin:Tianjin University,2007.(in Chinese))
[2]WILLIAMS J G,MIYASE A,LI D,et al.Small-scale testing of damaged synthetic fiber mooring ropes[C]//Proceedings of the34th Annual Offshore Technology Conference.2002:OTC 14308MS.
[3]WARD E G,AYRES R R,BANFIELD S J,et al.The residual strength of damaged polyester ropes[C]//Proceedings of the38th Annual Offshore Technology Conference.2006:OTC 18150MS.
[4]KARAYAKA M,SRINIVASAN S,WANG S S.Advanced design methodology for synthetic moorings[C]//Proceedings of the31th Offshore Technology Conference.1999:OTC 10912.
[5]BELTRAN J F,RUNGAMORNRAT J,WILLIAMSON E B.Computational model for analysis of damaged ropes[C]//Proceedings of the 13th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference.2003.
[6]BELTRAN J F,WILLIAMSON E B.Investigation of the damage-dependent response of mooring ropes[C]//Proceedings of the14th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference.2004.
[7]BELTRAN J F,WILLIAMSON E B.Degradation of rope properties under increasing monotonic load[J].Ocean Engineering,2005,32(7):826-844.
[8]BELTRAN J F,WILLIAMSON E B.Investigation of the damage-dependent response of mooring ropes[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,2009,135(11):1237-1247.
[9]BELTRAN J F,WILLIAMSON E B.Numerical simulation of damage localization in polyester mooring ropes[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics-ASCE,2010,136(8):945-959.
[10]LIU Haixiao,HUANG Wei,LIAN Yushun,et al.An experimental investigation on nonlinear behaviors of synthetic fiber ropes for deepwater moorings under cyclic loading[J].Applied Ocean Research,2014,45:22-32.
[11]LIU Haixiao,LIAN Yushun,LI Linan,et al.Experimental investigation on dynamic stiffness of damaged synthetic fiber ropes for deepwater moorings[J].Journal of Offshore Mechanics&Arctic Engineering,2015,137(6):10.1115/1.4031392.
[12]HUANG Wei,LIU Haixiao,LIAN Yushun,et al.Modeling nonlinear time-dependent behaviors of synthetic fiber ropes under cyclic loading[J].Ocean Engineering,2015,15:207-216.
[13]HUANG Wei,LIU Haixiao,HU Cun.Modeling the stress-strain properties of synthetic fiber mooring lines under cyclic loading[C]//Proceedings of the Twenty-fourth(2014)International Ocean and Polar Engineering Conference.2014.
[14]American Petroleum Institute(API).Design and analysis of stationkeeping systems for floating structures,third edition[S].API Recommended Practice 2SK,2005.
[15]DING Y,KIM M,CHEN X.A numerical code(COUPLE6D)for coupled dynamic analysis of moored offshore structures[C]//Proceedings of the International Symposium,Deep Water Mooring Systems.2003:168-182.
[16]KIM M S.Dynamic simulation of polyester mooring lines[D].Texas,USA:Texas A&M University,2004.
[17]DEL VECCHIO C J M.Light weight materials for deep water moorings[D].Thesis.UK:Reading University,1992.
[18]TAHAR A,KIM M H.Coupled-dynamic analysis of floating structures with polyester mooring lines[J].Ocean Engineering,2008,35(17):1676-1685.
[19]BOSMAN R L M,HOOKER J.The elastic modulus characteristics of polyester mooring ropes[C]//Proceedings of the 31th Annual Offshore Technology Conference.1999:OTC 10779.
[20]刘海笑,黄泽伟.新型深海系泊系统及数值分析技术[J].海洋技术,2007,26(2):6-10.(LIU Haixiao,HUANG Zewei.A new type deep-water mooring system and numerical analytical techniques[J].Ocean Technology,2007,26(2):6-10.(in Chinese))
[21]FERNANDES A C,DEL VECCHIO C J M,CASTRO G A V.Mechanical properties of polyester mooring cables[J].International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering,1999,9:208-213.
[22]黄维,刘海笑.新型深水系泊系统非线性循环动力分析[J].海洋工程,2010,28(2):22-36.(HUANG Wei,LIU Haixiao.Cyclic nonlinear analysis of new-type deepwater mooring systems[J].The Ocean Engineering,2010,28(2):22-36.(in Chinese))
[23]FRANOIS M,DAVIES P.Characterization of polyester mooring lines[C]//Proceedings of 27th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics Arctic Engineering.2008:OMAE 2008-57136.
[24]连宇顺,刘海笑,黄维.超深水混合缆绷紧式系泊系统非线性循环动力分析[J].海洋工程,2013,31(3):1-8.(LIAN Yushun,LIU Haixiao,HUANG Wei.Cyclic nonlinear analysis of ultra-deepwater hybrid mooring systems[J].The Ocean Engineering,2013,31(3):1-8.(in Chinese))
[25]DNV-RP-E304,Damage assessment of fiber ropes for offshore mooring[S].Det Norske Veritas(DNV),2005.
[26]DNV-OS-E301,Position mooring[S].Det Norske Veritas(DNV),2008.
[27]Cordage Institute(CI).Fiber rope inspection and retirement criteria guidelines to enhance durability and the safer use of rope[S].International Guideline CI 2001-04,2001.
[28]MCKENNA H A,HEARLE J W S,O’HEAR N.Handbook of offshore engineering[M].Boca Raton Boston New York Washington,DC:CRC Press,2005.
[29]WELLER S,DAVIES P,JOHANNING L,et al.Guidance on the use of synthetic fibre ropes for marine energy devices[R].IFREMER Reference:RDT CSM 13-232,2013.
[30]DAVIES P,FRANCOIS M,GROSJEAN F,et al.Synthetic mooring lines for depths to 3000 meters[C]//Proceedings of the Offshore Technology Conference.2002:OTC14246.
[31]API RP 2SM-2014,Recommended practice for design,manufacture,installation,and maintenance of synthetic fiber ropes for offshore mooring,second edition[S].American Petroleum Institute(API),2014.
[32]ABS 90-2011,Guidance notes on the application of fiber rope for offshore mooring[S].American Bureau of Shipping(ABS),Recommended Practice 90-2011,2011.
[33]Bureau Veritas(BV).Guidance notes certification of fibre ropes for deepwater offshore services[S].NI 432 DTO R01E,2007.
[2]WILLIAMS J G,MIYASE A,LI D,et al.Small-scale testing of damaged synthetic fiber mooring ropes[C]//Proceedings of the34th Annual Offshore Technology Conference.2002:OTC 14308MS.
[3]WARD E G,AYRES R R,BANFIELD S J,et al.The residual strength of damaged polyester ropes[C]//Proceedings of the38th Annual Offshore Technology Conference.2006:OTC 18150MS.
[4]KARAYAKA M,SRINIVASAN S,WANG S S.Advanced design methodology for synthetic moorings[C]//Proceedings of the31th Offshore Technology Conference.1999:OTC 10912.
[5]BELTRAN J F,RUNGAMORNRAT J,WILLIAMSON E B.Computational model for analysis of damaged ropes[C]//Proceedings of the 13th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference.2003.
[6]BELTRAN J F,WILLIAMSON E B.Investigation of the damage-dependent response of mooring ropes[C]//Proceedings of the14th International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference.2004.
[7]BELTRAN J F,WILLIAMSON E B.Degradation of rope properties under increasing monotonic load[J].Ocean Engineering,2005,32(7):826-844.
[8]BELTRAN J F,WILLIAMSON E B.Investigation of the damage-dependent response of mooring ropes[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,2009,135(11):1237-1247.
[9]BELTRAN J F,WILLIAMSON E B.Numerical simulation of damage localization in polyester mooring ropes[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics-ASCE,2010,136(8):945-959.
[10]LIU Haixiao,HUANG Wei,LIAN Yushun,et al.An experimental investigation on nonlinear behaviors of synthetic fiber ropes for deepwater moorings under cyclic loading[J].Applied Ocean Research,2014,45:22-32.
[11]LIU Haixiao,LIAN Yushun,LI Linan,et al.Experimental investigation on dynamic stiffness of damaged synthetic fiber ropes for deepwater moorings[J].Journal of Offshore Mechanics&Arctic Engineering,2015,137(6):10.1115/1.4031392.
[12]HUANG Wei,LIU Haixiao,LIAN Yushun,et al.Modeling nonlinear time-dependent behaviors of synthetic fiber ropes under cyclic loading[J].Ocean Engineering,2015,15:207-216.
[13]HUANG Wei,LIU Haixiao,HU Cun.Modeling the stress-strain properties of synthetic fiber mooring lines under cyclic loading[C]//Proceedings of the Twenty-fourth(2014)International Ocean and Polar Engineering Conference.2014.
[14]American Petroleum Institute(API).Design and analysis of stationkeeping systems for floating structures,third edition[S].API Recommended Practice 2SK,2005.
[15]DING Y,KIM M,CHEN X.A numerical code(COUPLE6D)for coupled dynamic analysis of moored offshore structures[C]//Proceedings of the International Symposium,Deep Water Mooring Systems.2003:168-182.
[16]KIM M S.Dynamic simulation of polyester mooring lines[D].Texas,USA:Texas A&M University,2004.
[17]DEL VECCHIO C J M.Light weight materials for deep water moorings[D].Thesis.UK:Reading University,1992.
[18]TAHAR A,KIM M H.Coupled-dynamic analysis of floating structures with polyester mooring lines[J].Ocean Engineering,2008,35(17):1676-1685.
[19]BOSMAN R L M,HOOKER J.The elastic modulus characteristics of polyester mooring ropes[C]//Proceedings of the 31th Annual Offshore Technology Conference.1999:OTC 10779.
[20]刘海笑,黄泽伟.新型深海系泊系统及数值分析技术[J].海洋技术,2007,26(2):6-10.(LIU Haixiao,HUANG Zewei.A new type deep-water mooring system and numerical analytical techniques[J].Ocean Technology,2007,26(2):6-10.(in Chinese))
[21]FERNANDES A C,DEL VECCHIO C J M,CASTRO G A V.Mechanical properties of polyester mooring cables[J].International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering,1999,9:208-213.
[22]黄维,刘海笑.新型深水系泊系统非线性循环动力分析[J].海洋工程,2010,28(2):22-36.(HUANG Wei,LIU Haixiao.Cyclic nonlinear analysis of new-type deepwater mooring systems[J].The Ocean Engineering,2010,28(2):22-36.(in Chinese))
[23]FRANOIS M,DAVIES P.Characterization of polyester mooring lines[C]//Proceedings of 27th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics Arctic Engineering.2008:OMAE 2008-57136.
[24]连宇顺,刘海笑,黄维.超深水混合缆绷紧式系泊系统非线性循环动力分析[J].海洋工程,2013,31(3):1-8.(LIAN Yushun,LIU Haixiao,HUANG Wei.Cyclic nonlinear analysis of ultra-deepwater hybrid mooring systems[J].The Ocean Engineering,2013,31(3):1-8.(in Chinese))
[25]DNV-RP-E304,Damage assessment of fiber ropes for offshore mooring[S].Det Norske Veritas(DNV),2005.
[26]DNV-OS-E301,Position mooring[S].Det Norske Veritas(DNV),2008.
[27]Cordage Institute(CI).Fiber rope inspection and retirement criteria guidelines to enhance durability and the safer use of rope[S].International Guideline CI 2001-04,2001.
[28]MCKENNA H A,HEARLE J W S,O’HEAR N.Handbook of offshore engineering[M].Boca Raton Boston New York Washington,DC:CRC Press,2005.
[29]WELLER S,DAVIES P,JOHANNING L,et al.Guidance on the use of synthetic fibre ropes for marine energy devices[R].IFREMER Reference:RDT CSM 13-232,2013.
[30]DAVIES P,FRANCOIS M,GROSJEAN F,et al.Synthetic mooring lines for depths to 3000 meters[C]//Proceedings of the Offshore Technology Conference.2002:OTC14246.
[31]API RP 2SM-2014,Recommended practice for design,manufacture,installation,and maintenance of synthetic fiber ropes for offshore mooring,second edition[S].American Petroleum Institute(API),2014.
[32]ABS 90-2011,Guidance notes on the application of fiber rope for offshore mooring[S].American Bureau of Shipping(ABS),Recommended Practice 90-2011,2011.
[33]Bureau Veritas(BV).Guidance notes certification of fibre ropes for deepwater offshore services[S].NI 432 DTO R01E,2007.
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