渤海湾盆地东濮凹陷盐湖相成烃成藏特征
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摘要
盐湖相油气聚集是全球,特别是中国中新生代陆相地层一个有特色的石油地质现象。为丰富发展这一领域研究,文章报道了中国东部渤海湾盆地东濮凹陷的研究进展,通过系统的烃源岩和原油地质地球化学研究,分析了盐湖相烃源岩的成烃和成藏特征,也为区域下步勘探部署提供依据。结果表明,典型盐湖相烃源岩发育在凹陷北部,主要层位为沙河街组三段下亚段(简称沙三下亚段)和沙河街组四段上亚段(简称沙四上亚段),岩性为页岩,发育"双层"结构(下层为有机质和粘土,上层为黄铁矿和方解石),生油具有早生与早排的特点。盐湖相油气聚集呈现出常规与非常规油气藏共同发育的特征,其中常规油气藏具有"有序分布、差异富集"的特点,而非常规页岩和致密油气藏的发育也与盐湖相富有机质烃源岩关系密切,反映了盐湖相富有机质烃源岩对油气成藏的控制。建议下步区域勘探围绕沙三下亚段和沙四上亚段这两套富有机质烃源岩发育区展开多类型油气藏的勘探。这些认识可供其他咸化湖盆油气地质研究和勘探参考。
Hydrocarbon generation and accumulation in salt lakes are a typical petroleum geological phenomenon in the world,especially in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic continental strata of China. In order to advance research in this field,this paper discusses the research progress of Dongpu Sag in the Bohai Bay Basin,eastern China. The hydrocarbon generation and accumulation characteristics of salt-lake source rocks were analyzed through systematic geological and geochemical studies of source rocks and crude oils,providing clues for future regional deployments of exploration. Results show that the typical salt-lake source rocks were developed spatially in the north of the sag,specifically the lower section of the third member( Es4( U)) and the upper section of the fourth member( Es4( U)) of the Shahejie Formation vertically. Its lithology is shale featuring early hydrocarbon generation and expulsion,with a "double-layered"structure,i. e. the lower layer dominated by organic matters and clay minerals and the upper one dominated by pyrites and calcites. The hydrocarbon accumulation in salt lakes of Dongpu Sag develops along with the growth of both conventional and unconventional petroleum reservoirs. The conventional ones are characterized by "ordered distribution and differential enrichment",while the development of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs is closely related to the organic-rich salt-lake source rocks,reflecting the control of organic-rich salt-lake source rocks on hydrocarbon accumulation. It is recommended that further regional exploration should be focused on the two organic-rich source rock areas,the Es4( U)and the Es4( U),and exploration of various petroleum reservoirs should be carried out. These understandings are of referential significance for the geological research of oil and gas and the exploration in other saline lacustrine basins.
Hydrocarbon generation and accumulation in salt lakes are a typical petroleum geological phenomenon in the world,especially in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic continental strata of China. In order to advance research in this field,this paper discusses the research progress of Dongpu Sag in the Bohai Bay Basin,eastern China. The hydrocarbon generation and accumulation characteristics of salt-lake source rocks were analyzed through systematic geological and geochemical studies of source rocks and crude oils,providing clues for future regional deployments of exploration. Results show that the typical salt-lake source rocks were developed spatially in the north of the sag,specifically the lower section of the third member( Es4( U)) and the upper section of the fourth member( Es4( U)) of the Shahejie Formation vertically. Its lithology is shale featuring early hydrocarbon generation and expulsion,with a "double-layered"structure,i. e. the lower layer dominated by organic matters and clay minerals and the upper one dominated by pyrites and calcites. The hydrocarbon accumulation in salt lakes of Dongpu Sag develops along with the growth of both conventional and unconventional petroleum reservoirs. The conventional ones are characterized by "ordered distribution and differential enrichment",while the development of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs is closely related to the organic-rich salt-lake source rocks,reflecting the control of organic-rich salt-lake source rocks on hydrocarbon accumulation. It is recommended that further regional exploration should be focused on the two organic-rich source rock areas,the Es4( U)and the Es4( U),and exploration of various petroleum reservoirs should be carried out. These understandings are of referential significance for the geological research of oil and gas and the exploration in other saline lacustrine basins.
引文
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