计及UPFC的电力系统双线性抗差估计
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摘要
统一潮流控制器(unified power flow controller,UPFC)作为柔性交流输电系统(flexible AC transmission systems,FACTS)的重要组件之一,对电力系统安全稳定运行起着重要的作用,而对含有UPFC的电力系统进行有效的状态估计也是电力系统电力电子化的必然要求。对UPFC模型进行抗差状态估计虽然能够有效抑制坏数据,但是存在模型复杂,计算效率低等问题。文章基于新型UPFC拓扑模型,采用双线性方法对含该UPFC的电力系统进行抗差状态估计。该方法通过选取有效的中间变量,对电力系统和UPFC组件的非线性量测方程进行分步线性化处理,在保证计算结果误差水平处在同一量级,能够工程应用的前提下,有效提高了状态估计的计算效率。对修改后的IEEE标准系统和南京西环网实际系统进行仿真测试,通过与WLAV测试结果对比,在保证相应精度的前提下,获得接近加权最小二乘法(weighted least squares,WLS)的计算速度,验证了本文方法的有效性和实用性。
As one of the important components of flexible AC transmission systems(FACTS),the unified power flow controller(UPFC) plays an important role in the safe and stable operation of power system,and the effective state estimation of the power system containing UPFC is also an inevitable requirement for the power electronizing trend of power system.The robust state estimation of the traditional UPFC model can effectively suppress bad data,but there are problems such as complex model and low computational efficiency. On the basis of the new UPFC topological model,a bilinear method is used to estimate the robust state of the power system containing a UPFC. By selecting effective intermediate variables,the method linearized the nonlinear measurement equation of the power system and UPFC component step by step,which could effectively improve the computational efficiency of state estimation on the premise of engineering application by ensuring that the error level of calculation results is in the same order. The modified IEEE standard system and the actual system of Nanjing west ring network were simulated and tested. By comparing with the WLAV test results,the calculation speed close to weighted least squares(WLS) algorithm was obtained on the premise of ensuring the corresponding accuracy,indicating the effectiveness and practicability of the proposed method.
As one of the important components of flexible AC transmission systems(FACTS),the unified power flow controller(UPFC) plays an important role in the safe and stable operation of power system,and the effective state estimation of the power system containing UPFC is also an inevitable requirement for the power electronizing trend of power system.The robust state estimation of the traditional UPFC model can effectively suppress bad data,but there are problems such as complex model and low computational efficiency. On the basis of the new UPFC topological model,a bilinear method is used to estimate the robust state of the power system containing a UPFC. By selecting effective intermediate variables,the method linearized the nonlinear measurement equation of the power system and UPFC component step by step,which could effectively improve the computational efficiency of state estimation on the premise of engineering application by ensuring that the error level of calculation results is in the same order. The modified IEEE standard system and the actual system of Nanjing west ring network were simulated and tested. By comparing with the WLAV test results,the calculation speed close to weighted least squares(WLS) algorithm was obtained on the premise of ensuring the corresponding accuracy,indicating the effectiveness and practicability of the proposed method.
引文
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[5]王旭,祁万春,黄俊辉,等.柔性交流输电技术在江苏电网中的应用[J].电力建设,2014,35(11):92-96.WANG Xu,QI Wanchun,HUANG Junhui,et al.Application of FACTS in Jiangsu power grid[J].Electric Power Construction,2014,35(11):92-96.
[6]蔡晖,祁万春,黄俊辉,等.统一潮流控制器在南京西环网的应用[J].电力建设,2015,36(8):73-78.CAI Hui,QI Wanchun,HUANG Junhui,et al.Application of UPFC in Nanjing western power system[J].Electric Power Construction,2015,36(8):73-78.
[7]石睿智,张泽,何天雨,等.基于动态最优潮流的UPFC控制模式转换策略[J].电力建设,2018,39(5):77-85.SHI Ruizhi,ZHANG Ze,HE Tianyu,et al.Conversion strategy for UPFC control modes based on dynamic optimal power flow[J].Electric Power Construction,2018,39(5):77-85.
[8]于尔铿.电力系统状态估计[M].北京:水利电力出版社,1985:61-65.
[9]李碧君,薛禹胜,顾锦汶,等.抗差估计理论及其在电力系统中的应用[J].电力系统自动化,1999,23(1):57-60.LI Bijun,XUE Yusheng,GU Jinwen,et al.Robust estimation theory and its application in power system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,1999,23(1):57-60.
[10]祁万春,杨林,宋鹏程,等.南京西环网UPFC示范工程系统级控制策略研究[J].电网技术,2016,40(1):92-96.QI Wanchun,YANG Lin,SONG Pengcheng,et al.UPFC system control strategy research in Nanjing western power grid[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(1):92-96.
[11]杨健,宋鹏程,徐政.适用于新型UPFC拓扑的电力系统潮流计算方法[J].电网技术,2017,41(3):888-894.YANG Jian,SONG Pengcheng,XU Zheng.A load flow calculation method for power systems with novel UPFC topology[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(3):888-894.
[12]吴熙,殷天然,祁万春,等.考虑新型拓扑结构的统一潮流控制器五端功率注入模型[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(19):155-162.WU Xi,YIN Tianran,QI Wanchun,et al.Five-terminal power injection model of UPFC considering novel topology structure[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(19):155-162.
[13]孙国强,卫志农,李阳林,等.计及统一潮流控制器的电力系统状态估计[J].电力系统自动化,2006,30(2):63-67.SUN Guoqiang,WEI Zhinong,LI Yanglin,et al.Power system state estimation with UPFC considered[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2006,30(2):63-67.
[14]DING Q F,ZHANG B M,CHUNG T S.State estimation for power systems embedded with FACTS devices and MTDC systems by a sequential solution approach[J].Electric Power Systems Research,2000,55(3):147-156.
[15]SUN G Q,WEI Z N.Power system state estimation with unified power flow controller[C]//2008 Third International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies.Nanjing:IEEE,2008.
[16]RAKPENTHAI C,PREMRUDEEPREECHACHARN S,UATRONGJIT S,et al.An interior point method for WLAV state estimation of power system with UPFCs[J].International Journal of Electrical Power&Energy Systems,2010,32(6):671-677.
[17]WEI H,SASAKI H,KUBOKAWA J,et al.An interior point method for power system weighted nonlinear L/sub 1/norm static state estimation[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,1998,13(2):617-623.
[18]GOMEZ-EXPOSITO A,GOMEZ-QUILES C,DE LA VILLAJAEN A.Bilinear power system state estimation[J].IEEETransactions on Power Systems,2012,27(1):493-501.
[19]厉超,卫志农,倪明,等.基于变量代换内点法的加权最小绝对值抗差状态估计[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(6):48-52,106.LI Chao,WEI Zhinong,NI Ming,et al.WLAV robust state estimation based on variable substitution interior point method[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(6):48-52,106.
[20]沈甜甜,黄启建,吴常胜,等.考虑零注入约束的双线性WLAV状态估计[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2017,45(6):556-561.SHEN Tiantian,HUANG Qijian,WU Changsheng,et al.Power system state estimation using bilinear WLAV method with zero injection constraints[J].Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences),2017,45(6):556-561.
[21]陈艳波,马进.一种双线性抗差状态估计方法[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(6):41-47.CHEN Yanbo,MA Jin.A bilinear robust state estimation method for power systems[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(6):41-47.
[22]RAKPENTHAI C,PREMRUDEEPREECHACHARN S,UATRONGJIT S.Power system with multi-type FACTS devices states estimation based on predictor-corrector interior point algorithm[J].International Journal of Electrical Power&Energy Systems,2009,31(4):160-166.
[2]FUERTE-ESQUIVEL C R,ACHA E.Unified power flow controller:A critical comparison of Newton-Raphson UPFCalgorithms in power flow studies[J].IEE Proceedings-Generation,Transmission and Distribution,1997,144(5):437.
[3]SONG Y H,LIU J Y,MEHTA P A.Power injection modeling and optimal multiplier power flow algorithm for steady-state studies of unified power flow controllers[J].Electric Power Systems Research,1999,52(1):51-59.
[4]张小平.潮流和最优潮流分析中FACTS控制器的建模[J].电力系统自动化,2005,29(16):22-29,65.ZHANG Xiaoping.Modeling of FACTS in power flow and optimal power flow analysis[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2005,29(16):22-29,65.
[5]王旭,祁万春,黄俊辉,等.柔性交流输电技术在江苏电网中的应用[J].电力建设,2014,35(11):92-96.WANG Xu,QI Wanchun,HUANG Junhui,et al.Application of FACTS in Jiangsu power grid[J].Electric Power Construction,2014,35(11):92-96.
[6]蔡晖,祁万春,黄俊辉,等.统一潮流控制器在南京西环网的应用[J].电力建设,2015,36(8):73-78.CAI Hui,QI Wanchun,HUANG Junhui,et al.Application of UPFC in Nanjing western power system[J].Electric Power Construction,2015,36(8):73-78.
[7]石睿智,张泽,何天雨,等.基于动态最优潮流的UPFC控制模式转换策略[J].电力建设,2018,39(5):77-85.SHI Ruizhi,ZHANG Ze,HE Tianyu,et al.Conversion strategy for UPFC control modes based on dynamic optimal power flow[J].Electric Power Construction,2018,39(5):77-85.
[8]于尔铿.电力系统状态估计[M].北京:水利电力出版社,1985:61-65.
[9]李碧君,薛禹胜,顾锦汶,等.抗差估计理论及其在电力系统中的应用[J].电力系统自动化,1999,23(1):57-60.LI Bijun,XUE Yusheng,GU Jinwen,et al.Robust estimation theory and its application in power system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,1999,23(1):57-60.
[10]祁万春,杨林,宋鹏程,等.南京西环网UPFC示范工程系统级控制策略研究[J].电网技术,2016,40(1):92-96.QI Wanchun,YANG Lin,SONG Pengcheng,et al.UPFC system control strategy research in Nanjing western power grid[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(1):92-96.
[11]杨健,宋鹏程,徐政.适用于新型UPFC拓扑的电力系统潮流计算方法[J].电网技术,2017,41(3):888-894.YANG Jian,SONG Pengcheng,XU Zheng.A load flow calculation method for power systems with novel UPFC topology[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(3):888-894.
[12]吴熙,殷天然,祁万春,等.考虑新型拓扑结构的统一潮流控制器五端功率注入模型[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(19):155-162.WU Xi,YIN Tianran,QI Wanchun,et al.Five-terminal power injection model of UPFC considering novel topology structure[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(19):155-162.
[13]孙国强,卫志农,李阳林,等.计及统一潮流控制器的电力系统状态估计[J].电力系统自动化,2006,30(2):63-67.SUN Guoqiang,WEI Zhinong,LI Yanglin,et al.Power system state estimation with UPFC considered[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2006,30(2):63-67.
[14]DING Q F,ZHANG B M,CHUNG T S.State estimation for power systems embedded with FACTS devices and MTDC systems by a sequential solution approach[J].Electric Power Systems Research,2000,55(3):147-156.
[15]SUN G Q,WEI Z N.Power system state estimation with unified power flow controller[C]//2008 Third International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies.Nanjing:IEEE,2008.
[16]RAKPENTHAI C,PREMRUDEEPREECHACHARN S,UATRONGJIT S,et al.An interior point method for WLAV state estimation of power system with UPFCs[J].International Journal of Electrical Power&Energy Systems,2010,32(6):671-677.
[17]WEI H,SASAKI H,KUBOKAWA J,et al.An interior point method for power system weighted nonlinear L/sub 1/norm static state estimation[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,1998,13(2):617-623.
[18]GOMEZ-EXPOSITO A,GOMEZ-QUILES C,DE LA VILLAJAEN A.Bilinear power system state estimation[J].IEEETransactions on Power Systems,2012,27(1):493-501.
[19]厉超,卫志农,倪明,等.基于变量代换内点法的加权最小绝对值抗差状态估计[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(6):48-52,106.LI Chao,WEI Zhinong,NI Ming,et al.WLAV robust state estimation based on variable substitution interior point method[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(6):48-52,106.
[20]沈甜甜,黄启建,吴常胜,等.考虑零注入约束的双线性WLAV状态估计[J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2017,45(6):556-561.SHEN Tiantian,HUANG Qijian,WU Changsheng,et al.Power system state estimation using bilinear WLAV method with zero injection constraints[J].Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences),2017,45(6):556-561.
[21]陈艳波,马进.一种双线性抗差状态估计方法[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(6):41-47.CHEN Yanbo,MA Jin.A bilinear robust state estimation method for power systems[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(6):41-47.
[22]RAKPENTHAI C,PREMRUDEEPREECHACHARN S,UATRONGJIT S.Power system with multi-type FACTS devices states estimation based on predictor-corrector interior point algorithm[J].International Journal of Electrical Power&Energy Systems,2009,31(4):160-166.