强反射能量屏蔽补偿在渤海C构造中的应用
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摘要
在渤海海域西南部广泛分布着新生界的溢流相火成岩,高速层的能量屏蔽是造成火成岩发育区下覆地层地震波场信号弱的主要原因之一。传统的自动增益控制方法(AGC)在分时窗滑动补偿下覆地层被屏蔽的弱信号的同时,破坏了火成岩与下覆地层的能量关系,且时窗内火成岩层之间的弱信号也无法得到有效恢复。这里从反射系数与振幅补偿的关系出发,基于模型论证了利用射线追踪提取地震波传播路径上的反射系数来求取补偿因子,进而开展相对振幅补偿过程的有效性。在渤海油田多个构造的振幅补偿结果,较好地恢复了火成岩屏蔽地层的能量损失,且地层间的振幅关系也得到相对保持,取得了较好的实际应用效果。
The effusive facies of igneous rock in Cainozoic are widely developed in Southwest of Bohai sea, which result in weak seismic signal of overlying strata. The conventional method such as automatic gain control could recover it using a sliding analysis window, while destroying the energy relationship between the igneous rock and overlying strata, and signal could not be recovered between igneous rocks. This paper demonstrates the efficiency of relative amplitude compensation by a model test, which extracting reflection coefficients of seismic wave travel path by ray tracing. Simultaneously, good application of many structures in Bohai oilfield also recovers the energy loss under igneous rocks,and the relative amplitude between igneous rocks is maintained.
The effusive facies of igneous rock in Cainozoic are widely developed in Southwest of Bohai sea, which result in weak seismic signal of overlying strata. The conventional method such as automatic gain control could recover it using a sliding analysis window, while destroying the energy relationship between the igneous rock and overlying strata, and signal could not be recovered between igneous rocks. This paper demonstrates the efficiency of relative amplitude compensation by a model test, which extracting reflection coefficients of seismic wave travel path by ray tracing. Simultaneously, good application of many structures in Bohai oilfield also recovers the energy loss under igneous rocks,and the relative amplitude between igneous rocks is maintained.
引文
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[7] 朱博华,向雪梅,张卫华.匹配追踪强反射层分离方法及应用[J].石油物探,2016,55(2):280-287.ZHU B H,XIANG X M,ZHANG W H.Strong reflection horizons separation based on matching pursuit algorithm and its application [J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2016,55(2):280-287.(In Chinese)
[8] 林洪义,石慧中,石飞飞,等.与反射系数相关的振幅补偿[C].中国地球物理年会,2005.LIN H Y, SHI H Z, SHI F F, et al .Amplitude compensation related to reflection coefficients[C].Chinese Geophysical Society,2005. (In Chinese)
[9] SHI D X. Amplitude Compensation against Geometric Divergence with Stablized errors[J]. 98SEG, 1998:31-48.
[2] 王建花,李庆忠,邱睿.浅层强反射界面的能量屏蔽作用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(6):589-596.WANG J H, LI Q Z, QIU R. Energy shielding action of shallow strong reflector[J]. OGP, 2003,38(6):589-596. (In Chinese)
[3] 胡中平,管路平,顾连兴,等. 高速屏蔽层下广角地震波场分析及成像方法[J].地球物理学报,2004, 47(1):88-94.HU Z P, GUAN L P, GU L X, et al. Wide angle seismic wave field analysis and imaging method below the high velocity shield layers[J]. Chinese J . Geophys,2004, 47( 1):88-94. (In Chinese)
[4] 裴正林,牟永光.火成岩区地震波传播规律研究[J].石油物探,2004,43(5):433-437.PEI Z L, MU Y G. Study of seismic wave propagation regularity in igneous rock area[J]. Geophysical Prospecting For Petroleum,2004, 43(5):433-437. (In Chinese)
[5] 杨庆道,王伟峰,尹以东,等.能量屏蔽作用的类型、形成机制及应对方法[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2011,35(5):45-50.YANG Q D,WANG W F,YIN Y D, et al. Types of energy shielding effect, formation mechanism and countermeasures[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum, 2011,35(5):45-50. (In Chinese)
[6] 张军华,刘振,刘炳杨,等.强屏蔽层下弱反射储层特征分析及识别方法[J].特种油气藏,2012,19(1):23-26.ZHANG J H,LIU Z,LIU B Y, et al. Aanlysis and identification of reservoir characteristics of weak reflectors under strong shielding layer[J]. Special oil & Gas Reservoirs,2012,19(1):23-26. (In Chinese)
[7] 朱博华,向雪梅,张卫华.匹配追踪强反射层分离方法及应用[J].石油物探,2016,55(2):280-287.ZHU B H,XIANG X M,ZHANG W H.Strong reflection horizons separation based on matching pursuit algorithm and its application [J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2016,55(2):280-287.(In Chinese)
[8] 林洪义,石慧中,石飞飞,等.与反射系数相关的振幅补偿[C].中国地球物理年会,2005.LIN H Y, SHI H Z, SHI F F, et al .Amplitude compensation related to reflection coefficients[C].Chinese Geophysical Society,2005. (In Chinese)
[9] SHI D X. Amplitude Compensation against Geometric Divergence with Stablized errors[J]. 98SEG, 1998:31-48.